反相悬浮共聚法制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺絮凝剂及其在水处理中的应用

以环己烷为连续相,span-60为分散剂,硝酸铈铵/过硫酸钾(CAN/KPS)为复合引发剂,通过反相悬浮共聚法制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺絮凝剂.考察了引发剂用量、反应时间、单体用量、分散剂用量及反应温度等因素对接枝反应中单体转化率和接枝率的影响;并将该接枝共聚物用于对高浊度水的絮凝实验.结果显示接枝反应的最佳反应条件为:淀粉用量10 g,丙烯酰胺用量5 g,分散剂用量3 g,引发剂用量0.3 g(CAN/KPS＝0.5,摩尔比),反应温度70 ℃,反应时间2 h;絮凝实验表明该淀粉接枝絮凝剂对高浊度水具有良好的絮凝效果.     

在离子液体中合成淀粉基絮凝剂的研究

以淀粉和丙烯酰胺为原料,在离子液体氯化1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑中通过接枝共聚反应合成了丙烯酰胺-淀粉絮凝剂.研究了淀粉在离子液体和水中溶解情况的差异.通过傅立叶变换红外光谱证实了丙烯酰胺与淀粉分子发生了接枝共聚反应.考察了丙烯酰胺与淀粉的质量之比、引发剂用量、反应温度和时间对接枝共聚反应的影响.比较了在离子液体和水中合成得到的絮凝剂在高岭土悬浊液中的絮凝能力.     

一种用于处理洗煤废水的改性絮凝剂的研究

研究了一种用于处理洗煤废水的改性絮凝剂。在该絮凝剂的制备过程中单体质量比与原料配比的影响最为显著,其次为引发剂的浓度,最小的为反应温度。处理洗煤废水最适宜的改性絮凝剂合成条件:1)接枝共聚反应中:玉米淀粉5g、淀粉∶丙烯酰胺(质量比)=1∶4、去离子水150ml、0.5×10-3 mol/L的硝酸铈铵5ml、接枝反应温度为50℃、反应时间3h。2)阳离子化反应中:丙烯酰胺∶甲醛∶二甲胺(摩尔比)=1∶1∶0.5、反应温度75℃、反应时间2h。在洗煤废水的处理过程中,采用改性絮凝剂与硫酸铁复配处理洗煤废水效果较好,投药量分别为5mg/L、60mg/L。用其处理后的洗煤废水沉降性能好,透光率高,COD去除率高,水质得到大大改善。因此,本絮凝剂具有良好的应用前景。     

阳离子淀粉改性絮凝剂的合成及性能评价

以过硫酸铵/亚硫酸氢钠为引发体系,合成阳离子淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺、二烯丙基二甲基氯化胺(DADMAC)絮凝剂;采用正交试验确定淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺的最佳反应条件,引进阳离子单体DADMAC,合成一系列阳离子淀粉改性絮凝剂;以大庆油田三元复合驱污水为处理对象,考察阳离子淀粉改性絮凝剂的絮凝性能.结果表明:大庆油田三元复合驱污水适合在弱酸及中性的条件下处理,合适的pH值为6.0～7.0;单体DADMAC与可溶性淀粉质量比为1:9复配的絮凝剂效果最好,其质量浓度为50mg/L时,透光率达95%,对油、聚合物、悬浮物的去除达到了理想的效果.     

水溶性接枝聚多糖的研究Ⅰ．淀粉与丙烯酰胺和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的接枝共聚

采用自由溶液聚合法,以KMnO4/H^ 为引发体系,研究了淀粉与丙烯酰胺和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的接枝共聚反应,考察了引发剂用量、酸度大小、淀粉加入量、单体浓度、反应温度等条件对接枝反应的影响,并用红外光谱对产物进行了结构特征。     

FeSO4-H2O2引发的芋艿细粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的合成研究

利用 Fe SO4 - H2 O2 体系作引发剂 ,引发芋艿细粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚反应。探讨了反应温度、反应时间、H2 O2浓度、丙烯酰胺浓度对接枝共聚反应的影响 ,同时研究了接枝物作高分子絮凝剂 ,对硅藻土悬浊液、洗煤废水、酒糟离心液的絮凝沉降性能     

Starch-g-PAM絮凝剂的反相乳液合成及应用研究

以Span 80为乳化剂,过硫酸钾-尿素为引发剂,液体石蜡为油相,研究了淀粉与丙烯酰胺的反相乳液聚合.通过正交实验对各因素的考察得知油水比和乳化剂用量对实验的影响最大,其次是淀粉/丙烯酰胺(质量比)、引发剂用量,但搅拌速度和温度对实验的影响不太大.通过正交实验得出最佳反应条件为:油/水=1.2(体积比),淀粉/丙烯酰胺=1/2,乳化剂用量为(占整个连续相)6%,引发剂用量为1%,反应温度为40℃,搅拌速度为350 r.min-1,可得到最高接枝率为130%,最高接枝效率为93%,固含量为34.2%的接枝物,将所得接枝物处理造纸污水时,有较好的絮凝能力,且当絮凝剂投加量为30 mg.L-1时,絮凝效果最佳.     

几种不同引发剂在玉米淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚中的应用

研究了以硝酸铈铵,过硫酸铵,过硫酸铵－亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂玉米淀粉与丙烯酸的接枝共聚反应,对一些反应条件如引发剂浓度,反应温度,单体浓度,单体中和度,反应时间等进行了考察,并比较了以硝酸铈铵,过硫酸铵,过硫酸铵－亚硫酸氢钠为不同经发体系的淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚反应的结果,表明用过硫酸铵－亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂的引发效果最佳。     

γ辐射法制备壳聚糖接枝共聚物及其絮凝性能

以壳聚糖(Cts)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为原料,应用γ射线辐射引发技术进行接枝共聚反应,制备了壳聚糖与甲基丙烯酸的接枝共聚产物(Cts-g-MAA),采用搅拌实验和测浊度法研究接枝改性壳聚糖对铅锌选矿废水的絮凝效果,其中考察了废水pH值、Cts-g-MAA的质量浓度、快速搅拌速度、慢速搅拌时间、静置时间对絮凝效果的影响,并将其与壳聚糖的絮凝能力进行了对比.实验结果表明,废水的pH值、絮凝剂质量浓度、搅拌速度、搅拌时间和静置时间均对絮凝效果产生影响,其最佳絮凝条件为pH值8.5、Cts-g-MAA浓度1.2mg/L、搅拌强度300 r/min、慢速搅拌时间为10 min、静置时间为11 min,此条件下的浊度去除率达98.6%.接枝改性壳聚糖的絮凝效果好于壳聚糖,且絮凝时的用量明显低于壳聚糖.     

水溶性接枝聚多糖的研究Ⅱ.丙烯酰胺对淀粉与二甲基丙烯酸酯乙基季铵丙磺酸内盐接枝的影响

采用自由基溶液聚合法 ,以硝酸铈铵 (CAN) 酸为引发体系 ,研究了淀粉与二甲基丙烯酸酯乙基季铵丙磺酸内盐 (DMAPS)的接枝共聚反应。考察了引发剂用量、酸度、淀粉加入量、单体浓度、温度等条件对接枝反应的影响 ,并用红外光谱及元素分析对产物进行了结构表征     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.