基于融合Dropout与注意力机制的LSTM-GRU车辆轨迹预测

在智能驾驶环境的车辆轨迹预测环节,为更好地获取环境车辆的轨迹时序特征,在长短期记忆神经网络（LSTM）基础上,嵌入Dropout层以增强网络泛化性,引入注意力机制予以预测效果影响较大的时序数据更大权重从而提高预测结果的可靠性,且将改进的LSTM模型与门控循环单元GRU模型结合,构建LSTM-GRU预测模型以进一步提升环境车辆轨迹预测的准确性.在此基础上,使用NGSIM公开数据集对模型进行训练、验证和测试.研究结果表明,融合了Dropout和注意力机制的LSTM-GRU神经网络轨迹预测模型相较标准的LSTM长短期记忆网络以及GRU门控循环单元,在预测较长时序的车辆轨迹上具有优势,提高了轨迹预测的准确性,降低了实际轨迹和预测轨迹之间的均方根误差和平均绝对误差.     

基于双向长短期记忆神经网络的配网电压异常数据检测

受自然环境、计量仪器等影响,量测数据会出现异常,导致调度人员错误决策,威胁电力系统安全稳定运行。为保障电力系统安全稳定运行,提出了一种基于双向长短期记忆(bidirectional long short-term memory, Bi-LSTM)神经网络的配网电压无监督异常数据检测方法。利用Bi-LSTM神经网络处理时序数据的双向特性,建立时序预测模型,通过对比预测值和实际值的误差检测异常数据。最后,基于某实际配网电压数据进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明:所提方法在准确率、F1分数等指标方面均优于决策树、K近邻、支持向量机、长短期记忆(long short-term memory, LSTM)神经网络。     

基于BP-LSTM双输入网络的大钩载荷与转盘扭矩预测

考虑影响钩载、扭矩的因素复杂多样及钻井过程的时序性特点,优选BP神经网络和长短期记忆神经网络,设计双输入网络架构,建立大钩载荷与转盘扭矩智能预测模型.该模型同时考虑影响钩载、扭矩的多种复杂参数以及钩载、扭矩等时序数据随时间变化的趋势和前后关联,通过时序性数据和非时序性数据共同预测大钩载荷与转盘扭矩.利用国内某油田钻井现...     

短期风力发电负荷预测的新方法

以陆上风力发电负荷数据作为研究对象,将注意力机制引入双向长短期记忆与卷积神经网络（CNN）的混合模型来预测短期电力负荷．结果显示:1）注意力机制通过对不同时步的输入进行加权,能够显著提升双向长短期记忆网络的预测性能;2）双向长短期记忆网络-CNN结构比CNN-双向长短期记忆网络结构更适用于短期负荷预测,前者相较后者能够充分利用时序信息,不会在输入初期就丢失关键信息;3）基于注意力机制的双向长短期记忆网络-CNN混合模型的均方根误差（RMSE）、平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）分别达到了575.35和7.02%,比次佳模型（基于注意力机制的双向长短期记忆网络-CNN混合模型）分别降低了2.75%和9.65%,其在风电短期负荷预测方面有很好的应用前景．      

基于Attention机制和ResNet的CNN-BiLSTM短期电力负荷预测模型研究

短期电力负荷预测有利于电力系统的高效运行,对电力市场实现有效调度有重要意义。短期电力负荷受多种因素影响,波动性大、随机性强,使得其预测准确率低。双向长短期记忆网络和卷积神经网络难以在短期负荷序列中提取足够多的信息,本文提出了一种结合注意力机制和残差网络的卷积神经网络-双向长短期记忆网络短期负荷预测方法。首先利用基准模型卷积神经网络-双向长短期记忆网络对输入特征进行信息提取,然后利用注意力机制突出提取到的关键信息,最后通过残差网络创建残差层以充分学习时序特征。通过某公开数据集进行实验,结果表明该方法的平均绝对百分比误差达到2.80%,均方根误差达到2.15,并与常用的五种模型预测结果对比,验证了所提模型的准确性及有效性。     

使用AVL数据的公交到站时间CEEMD-LSTM预测模型

准确的公交到站时间预测具有重要意义，但现实公交运行受突发路况影响，运行速度具有非平稳性，本文结合时序特征处理技术和深度学习，建立一种使用AVL数据预测公交到站时间的互补集合经验模态分解-长短期记忆神经网络模型。模型收集公交自动车辆定位数据，经预处理后引入互补集合经验模态分解平稳化公交运行速度，再借助Adam参数寻优后的长短期记忆神经网络对福州市303路公交某日早高峰公交到站时间进行预测。结果表明：优化的公交到站时间预测模型平均绝对误差比单一模型低了1.69min，预测精度高于长短期记忆神经网络模型和经验模态分解的到站时间预测模型，可有效地为安装车载自动车辆定位系统的公交线路预测公交到站时间提供参考。     

基于考虑误差修正的非线性自适应权重组合模型的光伏发电功率预测

为了提高光伏电站光伏发电功率预测精度,解决极限梯度提升模型、长短期记忆模型2种传统单一模型及传统组合模型极限梯度提升-长短期记忆模型的光伏发电功率预测结果滞后、预测效果易突变、预测误差较大、线性拟合性较差等不足,基于极限梯度提升算法、长短期记忆算法和线性自适应权重,提出一种考虑误差修正的非线性自适应权重极限梯度提升-长短期记忆模型进行光伏发电功率预测;分别使用极限梯度提升算法和长短期记忆算法训练得到2种单一模型,将2种单一模型的初步预测值和真实值组成新的训练数据集,利用神经网络算法训练所提出的模型,对2种单一模型的初步预测值分配自适应权重系数,并根据训练时所提出模型的预测值大小分段统计预测误差的分布,预测时根据所提出模型的预测值在预测结果的基础上累加误差均值从而进行误差修正,进一步提高所提出模型的预测精度;利用Python语言分别对所提出的模型、传统组合模型和2种传统单一模型在晴天、阴天和雨天的光伏发电功率预测性能进行仿真。结果表明：与极限梯度提升-长短期记忆模型、极限梯度提升模型、长短期记忆模型相比,所提出模型的均方根误差分别减小28.57%、 39.39%、 49.79%,平均绝对...     

基于时序动态分析的油井产量预测研究

针对目前常用的油井产量预测方法效果并不理想的问题，开展时间序列分析来进行油井产量动态预测研究。采用时间序列分析结合残差修正方法，建立具有时序动态分析能力的产量差分自动回归移动平均模型（Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average，ARIMA），得出预测初始值与真实油井产量的残差；通过构建支持向量机（Support Vector Machine，SVM）时序预测模型进行残差修正，获得油井产量组合预测值；并将长短期记忆网络（Long Short-Term Memory，LSTM）模型与上述方法进行对比。实验表明，组合预测模型、LSTM模型的预测结果平均相对误差率分别为9.81%和32.44%。说明组合模型预测更精准，为油井产量的动态预测提供了一种有效方法，可作为油井在生产计划时的快速实时辅助依据，具有实用价值。     

基于双向长短期记忆神经网络的风电预测方法

风电受天气条件的影响具有间歇性和波动性的特点,随着风电在电网中渗透率的提高,电网面临着新的挑战.对风电进行预测并根据预测值进行合理调度,可在一定程度上缓解风电的不确定性对电网的影响.本文提出了基于双向长短期记忆神经网络的风电预测方法,该模型可以同时利用过去和未来的数值天气预报信息,提高了风力发电的预测精度.首先,文章阐述了单向长短期记忆神经网络的原理和结构,在此基础上,添加反向隐含层成为双向长短期记忆神经网络;其次,基于双向长短期记忆神经网络,构建了风电预测架构,并分析了风电预测的评价指标;最后,利用实际数据进行了仿真验证,结果表明,相对于长短期记忆模型,以均方根误差、希尔不等系数和对称均值绝对值百分比误差三个指标衡量,双向长短期记忆神经网络的预测精度分别提高了10.25%、6.71%和12.18%.     

基于二向注意力循环神经网络的PM2.5浓度预测

针对PM2.5浓度预测模型效果不稳定、泛化能力差的问题,以循环神经网络和注意力机制为基础,提出了二向注意力循环神经网络（TDA RNN）。首先,TDA-RNN模型通过注意力机制获取输入数据的时序注意力和类别注意力,并将其进行融合;然后通过特征编码器对融合后的数据进行编码,获得中间特征;最后将中间特征与PM2.5浓度的历史信息融合,并通过特征解码器获取预测值。对北京地区的PM2.5浓度进行了预测。结果表明,相比前向型神经网络、长短期记忆神经网络、门控循环单元模型和滑动平均模型,TDA-RNN模型预测精度更高;在抗干扰测试中,当输入数据存在无关因素时,TDA RNN模型的预测精度出现轻微下降,但仍高于其他模型。该二向注意力循环神经网络特征提取能力强,预测精度高,同时可适用于其他场景的多变量时间序列预测。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.