南祁连盆地哈拉湖坳陷上三叠统尕勒德寺组泥质岩类烃源岩评价

南祁连盆地广泛发育上三叠统尕勒德寺组泥质岩类烃源岩,但是其有机质丰度、类型、热演化程度的研究程度都很低。因此,对此地区烃源岩进行油气资源综合评价是十分必要的。据此,从烃源岩类型、有机质的类型、丰度、成熟度等方面对南祁连盆地哈拉湖坳陷上三叠统尕拉德寺组烃源岩进行了综合评价。研究表明,有机质丰度为差—中等,有机质类型为腐泥腐殖型(Ⅱ2),有机质到达高成熟—过成熟阶段。整体评价为中等烃源岩。     

百色地区下三叠统-泥盆系烃源岩有机地球化学特征及生烃潜力分析

百色盆地海相烃源岩主要为孤立台地和台间海槽碳酸盐岩.根据百色盆地周缘大量露头样品的残余有机碳含量、干酪根碳同位素、饱和烃色谱及色质等地球化学实验数据,分析了下三叠统-泥盆系海相烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型、热演化程度.针对地表烃源岩样品具有高热演化、低丰度的地化特征,在有机质丰度的热解损失和地表风化损失校正基础上,采用蒙特卡罗法模拟计算烃源岩生烃强度.在综合分析烃源岩地化特征和生烃强度的基础上,认为百色盆地下三叠统-泥盆系海相烃源岩具有低-中等级别的生烃能力.     

准噶尔盆地南缘中二叠统烃源岩地球化学特征

以准噶尔盆地南缘地区妖魔山与红雁池剖面中二叠统芦草沟组与红雁池组样品为例,采用有机地球化学及有机岩石学方法,系统分析中二叠统烃源岩有机质丰度、有机质类型及成熟度。研究结果表明:中二叠统芦草沟组和红雁池组烃源岩厚度大,表征有机质丰度的有机碳含量、氯仿沥青"A"、总烃等地球化学参数均显示达到较好—好烃源岩的标准,有机质类型以Ⅰ型与Ⅱ1型为主,显微组分多为孢子体、角质体以及藻类体,以富氢组分为主,有机质成熟度Ro在0.6%以上,而在凹陷深部二叠系成熟度更高,三叠纪早期达到生油高峰,到目前为止已经结束生烃。总体上,中二叠统烃源岩具有较好的生烃能力,具有勘探价值。     

海拉尔盆地莫达木吉凹陷下白垩统烃源岩地球化学特征研究

海拉尔盆地莫达木吉凹陷下白垩统是区域油气勘探潜在目标层系,缺乏对烃源岩地球化学特征的详细研究。通过有机地球化学方法对莫达木吉凹陷下白垩统烃源岩地球化学特征进行了研究,认为南屯组(K_1n)和大磨拐河组(K_1d)烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅱ_2-Ⅲ型为主,差异性主要体现在有机质丰度和成熟度。同时,在恢复埋藏史的基础上建立了研究区主力烃源岩在该地质时期成熟度演化模型,模拟结果显示:大二段烃源岩处于未成熟-低成熟阶,大一段烃源岩处于低成熟阶段;南二段烃源岩处于低成熟-成熟阶段;南一段烃源岩热演化程度相对较高,达到成熟生油气阶段。综合分析得出大磨拐河组(K_1d)烃源岩有机质丰度整体较高,但热演化程度低,生烃潜力小;随着埋深的增加,烃源岩热演化程度增加,到南二段(K_1n_2)开始进入成熟生烃阶段,生烃潜力较大;南一段(K_1n_1)烃源岩有机质丰度低,为差烃源岩,生烃潜力较小。     

四川盆地阆中南部地区须家河组第三段烃源岩地球化学特征

研究四川盆地阆中南部地区上三叠统须家河组第三段烃源岩的地球化学特征与生烃潜力。通过对须三段烃源岩有机质类型、有机质丰度、热演化程度、烃源岩平面展布和生物标志化合物的研究,结果显示:(1)须三段烃源岩有机碳质量分数普遍大于1%,有机质丰度高,为好的烃源岩;(2)有机质类型以腐殖型(Ⅲ型)为主,部分为腐泥-腐殖型(Ⅱ_2型),热演化程度高,处于成熟-过成熟阶段;(3)正构烷烃碳数分布具单峰型和前低后高的双峰形态,为混合型物源输入;(4)沉积环境主要为还原-弱氧化环境。烃源岩厚度为50～110m,有机碳质量分数4%,生烃强度在(6～12)×10~8 m~3/km~2。阆中南部地区须三段具备形成工业气藏的烃源条件。     

吉木萨尔凹陷吉174井二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩地球化学特征

通过对准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷吉174井二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩进行有机地球化学分析,研究了源岩有机质的丰度、类型和成熟度,并初步评价了其生烃潜力。研究结果表明,吉174井二叠系芦草沟组泥岩类有机质丰度达到了好-最好烃源岩标准。有机质以II型为主,有机质热演化进入成熟演化阶段。因此,吉174井二叠系芦草沟组泥岩类为一套优质的烃源岩,其生烃潜力大,是该区二叠系芦草沟组致密油的供给者。     

额济纳旗及其邻区石炭-二叠系阿木山组烃源岩综合评价

额济纳旗及其邻区石炭-二叠系阿木山组烃源岩分布广、厚度大.通过对露头剖面观察采样,结合钻井样品进行分析测试,从有机质丰度、类型、成熟度和烃源岩分布特征等方面开展研究,对阿木山组烃源岩进行综合评价.结果表明:区内阿木山组烃源岩有机质丰度总体为"中等-好"级别,有机质类型以Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2型为主;有机质成熟度以成熟-高成熟阶段为主,且区内存在一定差异.总体看来,该组烃源岩生烃潜力较大,研究区具有良好的油气勘探前景.     

新疆三塘湖盆地烃源岩特征

新疆三塘湖盆地主要有三套烃源岩:中生界上三叠统和中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古生界上二叠统湖相低熟烃源岩和古生界下二叠统和石炭系湖相成熟烃源岩.烃源岩在马朗凹陷、条湖凹陷和汉水泉凹陷均有分布,岩性主要为暗色泥岩、煤和碳质泥岩.最有利的烃源岩为马朗凹陷中有机质丰度高、类型好、油气生成量大且碳酸盐岩含量高的上二叠统芦草沟组烃源岩.     

西藏羌塘盆地土门地区上三叠统烃源岩特征*

以羌塘盆地土门地区上三叠统波里拉组为研究对象,对烃源岩有机地球化学测试数据进行了统计分析。烃源岩有机质总体上处于高成熟阶段,有机碳含量值随成熟度增高而减小,测试获得的TOC值为残余TOC,TOC与氯仿沥青"A"和生烃潜力所指示的有机质丰度明显不同。有机质类型是以腐泥组为主的Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2型,源自海相环境还原条件下原地生产的有机质。     

准噶尔盆地乌伦古坳陷中南部石炭系烃源岩生烃潜力分析

目前已在准噶尔盆地乌伦古坳陷石炭系、二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系等发现了工业油气流或油气显示,这些油气主要来源于石炭系烃源岩。但目前研究区石炭系有效烃源岩分布及生烃演化特征不清楚。笔者对比分析了研究区石炭系不同层段、不同岩性类型烃源岩的生烃潜力和热演化特征。结果表明：巴塔玛依内山组凝灰质泥岩、泥岩和姜巴斯套组炭质泥岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅱ2—Ⅲ型为主,处于成熟—过成熟演化阶段,具有倾气性特征。综合应用地球化学实验数据得出姜巴斯套组烃源岩都是有效气源岩,而目前钻井揭示巴塔玛依内山组烃源岩成熟度偏低,未能达到有效气源岩的标准。通过系统对比研究区与滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩地球化学参数,认识到两地区具有高度相似性。可见准噶尔盆地乌伦古坳陷中南部石炭系姜巴斯套组是一套极具潜力的烃源岩,为下一步油气勘探指明方向。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.