准噶尔盆地东道海子凹陷平地泉组烃源岩地球化学特征

对准噶尔盆地腹部东道海子凹陷二叠系平地泉组烃源岩地球化学特征进行评价,通过对烃源岩有机质丰度、类型与成熟度及烃源岩厚度特征分析表明,平地泉组发育湖相泥岩,在凹陷内分布广泛、厚度大,为东道海子凹陷的主力烃源岩;凹陷东北部滴南地区平地泉组烃源岩为中等-好的烃源岩,有机质类型为Ⅱ2型-Ⅲ型,热演化达到成熟-生油高峰阶段;平地泉组门限深度为2 350m,生油高峰深度为2 900m左右。结合邻区资料,认为东道海子凹陷主体平地泉组烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型较好,达到生油高峰-高成熟阶段,具有较高的资源潜力。     

准噶尔盆地乌伦古坳陷中南部石炭系烃源岩生烃潜力分析

目前已在准噶尔盆地乌伦古坳陷石炭系、二叠系、三叠系和侏罗系等发现了工业油气流或油气显示,这些油气主要来源于石炭系烃源岩。但目前研究区石炭系有效烃源岩分布及生烃演化特征不清楚。笔者对比分析了研究区石炭系不同层段、不同岩性类型烃源岩的生烃潜力和热演化特征。结果表明：巴塔玛依内山组凝灰质泥岩、泥岩和姜巴斯套组炭质泥岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅱ2—Ⅲ型为主,处于成熟—过成熟演化阶段,具有倾气性特征。综合应用地球化学实验数据得出姜巴斯套组烃源岩都是有效气源岩,而目前钻井揭示巴塔玛依内山组烃源岩成熟度偏低,未能达到有效气源岩的标准。通过系统对比研究区与滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩地球化学参数,认识到两地区具有高度相似性。可见准噶尔盆地乌伦古坳陷中南部石炭系姜巴斯套组是一套极具潜力的烃源岩,为下一步油气勘探指明方向。     

海拉尔盆地莫达木吉凹陷下白垩统烃源岩地球化学特征研究

海拉尔盆地莫达木吉凹陷下白垩统是区域油气勘探潜在目标层系,缺乏对烃源岩地球化学特征的详细研究。通过有机地球化学方法对莫达木吉凹陷下白垩统烃源岩地球化学特征进行了研究,认为南屯组(K_1n)和大磨拐河组(K_1d)烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅱ_2-Ⅲ型为主,差异性主要体现在有机质丰度和成熟度。同时,在恢复埋藏史的基础上建立了研究区主力烃源岩在该地质时期成熟度演化模型,模拟结果显示:大二段烃源岩处于未成熟-低成熟阶,大一段烃源岩处于低成熟阶段;南二段烃源岩处于低成熟-成熟阶段;南一段烃源岩热演化程度相对较高,达到成熟生油气阶段。综合分析得出大磨拐河组(K_1d)烃源岩有机质丰度整体较高,但热演化程度低,生烃潜力小;随着埋深的增加,烃源岩热演化程度增加,到南二段(K_1n_2)开始进入成熟生烃阶段,生烃潜力较大;南一段(K_1n_1)烃源岩有机质丰度低,为差烃源岩,生烃潜力较小。     

北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东部地区流沙港组烃源岩孢粉相特征及其意义

根据孢粉相研究方法,在明确有机碎屑组成的基础上,对乌石凹陷古近系流沙港组烃源岩的有机质来源、形成环境进行研究,并对烃源岩生烃潜力进行了评价。结果表明:流沙港组烃源岩形成于具有一定矿化度的微咸水湖至半咸水湖,流二段底部和顶部油页岩层段对应着湖泊发育的鼎盛时期;从流三段到流一段生源特征在垂向上表现为从混源到水生生物为主,再到混源,最后变为以陆相高等植物有机质为主;流沙港组烃源岩的生烃潜力受无定形有机质的含量影响最大,流二段尤其是其上下两套油页岩段无定形有机质含量最高,生烃潜力最大,流三段次之,流一段生烃潜力最差。     

吉木萨尔凹陷吉174井二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩地球化学特征

通过对准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷吉174井二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩进行有机地球化学分析,研究了源岩有机质的丰度、类型和成熟度,并初步评价了其生烃潜力。研究结果表明,吉174井二叠系芦草沟组泥岩类有机质丰度达到了好-最好烃源岩标准。有机质以II型为主,有机质热演化进入成熟演化阶段。因此,吉174井二叠系芦草沟组泥岩类为一套优质的烃源岩,其生烃潜力大,是该区二叠系芦草沟组致密油的供给者。     

准噶尔盆地滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩生烃能力分析

利用钻井岩心和露头样品化验资料,对石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度、类型及演化程度进行研究,结合凹陷周缘构造油气来源特征,分析滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩生烃能力。研究表明,滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度高,沉积厚度大,目前已到高-过成熟阶段,具有较强生烃能力;滴南凸起存在"凹槽",东道海子北凹陷来源油气不能运移到克拉美丽气田石炭系储层聚集成藏,克拉美丽气田亿吨级油气应来自滴水泉凹陷;石东油气田深浅层油气特征基本一致,与石西油田不同,与克拉美丽石炭系油气相似,都属于滴水泉凹陷石炭系来源产物;滴水泉凹陷、三南凹陷及东道海子北凹陷石炭纪沉积期水体连通,石炭系烃源岩都应具有较强的生烃能力,勘探潜力巨大。     

额济纳旗及其邻区石炭-二叠系阿木山组烃源岩综合评价

额济纳旗及其邻区石炭-二叠系阿木山组烃源岩分布广、厚度大.通过对露头剖面观察采样,结合钻井样品进行分析测试,从有机质丰度、类型、成熟度和烃源岩分布特征等方面开展研究,对阿木山组烃源岩进行综合评价.结果表明:区内阿木山组烃源岩有机质丰度总体为"中等-好"级别,有机质类型以Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2型为主;有机质成熟度以成熟-高成熟阶段为主,且区内存在一定差异.总体看来,该组烃源岩生烃潜力较大,研究区具有良好的油气勘探前景.     

新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘石炭系滴水泉组烃源岩评价

准噶尔盆地东北缘石炭系烃源岩在准东和腹部地区分布广泛,结合露头资料、钻井资料和地震资料,对准噶尔东北缘地区石炭系烃源岩的丰度、类型、成熟度特征进行了系统研究和评价,研究区烃源岩以凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩为主,是一套有机质丰度较高的混合偏腐殖型的成熟烃源岩,具有较高的成烃潜力。其油气主要分布在五彩湾凹陷、三个泉凸起上,该区的烃源岩有机质丰度以中等—好为主,有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主,有机质基本上处于成熟演化阶段,充分证实石炭系在准噶尔东北缘是一套有效的烃源岩,在该区寻找石炭系原油具有现实意义。     

银额盆地哈日凹陷下白垩统烃源岩特征及资源潜力

哈日凹陷下白垩统发育多套湖相暗色泥岩,各组烃源岩对该区油气勘探具有重要意义。文中利用钻井及岩心分析化验资料,研究了下白垩统各组烃源岩特征,通过开展岩石热解、干酪根显微组分、镜质体反射率、可溶有机质组分及饱和烃色谱-质谱等有机地球化学测试和分析,评价了银根组、苏红图组和巴音戈壁组的烃源岩有机质丰度、类型和成熟度,认为银根组烃源岩属低成熟、偏腐泥型、好烃源岩、苏红图组烃源岩属成熟、腐泥-腐殖混合型、差-中等好烃源岩、巴音戈壁组烃源岩属成熟-高成熟、腐泥-腐殖混合型、中等-好烃源岩,进而分析其生烃潜力,其中银根组生烃潜力最大,其次为巴音戈壁组,苏红图组相对较差,预测哈日凹陷下白垩统总油气资源量为1. 13×10~8t.     

海相碳酸盐烃源岩生烃潜力模糊评价方法

烃源岩主要包括泥岩、页岩和碳酸盐岩。因此,海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩也是油气成藏和含油气系统的基础。对 于海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩的评价,通常只侧重于物理化学性质的研究。由于不同的沉积盆地在沉积古环境,母质类型的 输入以及有机质所经历的热演化程度等方面差异较大,仅以烃源岩物理化学性质为侧重点的烃源岩评价方法很难评 价不同沉积盆地中烃源岩的生烃潜力。因此,为了快速有效评价碳酸盐烃源岩生烃能力,对有机质丰度、有机质类型、 有机质成熟度和生烃过程4 个方面因素进行分析研究,确定了海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩生烃潜力评价指标体系。并运用层 次分析法和模糊数学,建立烃源岩生烃潜力评价新模型;避免了在碳酸盐岩烃源岩评价过程中由于参数过多而导致的 矛盾现象,避免了选取参数时的盲目性,提高了烃源岩评价效率。在渤海湾盆地进行了生烃潜力评价,实际应用表明 该方法快速、实用、可靠,具有一定的推广价值。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.