基于评论特征提取和隐因子模型的评分预测推荐系统

评分预测是推荐系统研究的核心问题,通过用户的历史行为来预测用户对商品的评分,根据评分高低来推荐用户喜欢的商品.当前基于评论评分预测推荐系统普遍只使用卷积神经网络捕获局部特征或者循环神经网络捕获全局特征,忽略了将这两类特征的有效融合.针对现存问题,本文提出基于评论特征提取和隐因子模型的评分预测推荐模型,使用自适应感受野的卷积神经网络(CNN)提取局部特征,同时使用门控循环单元(GRU)提取全局特征,将不同特征融合为评论的嵌入表达.再结合隐因子模型(LFM)对用户的特征偏好和商品的特征属性进行建模.最后,通过对用户和商品的嵌入表达进行评分预测.实验结果表明,本文模型在5个数据集上均高于现有基线模型.     

基于评论主题的个性化评分预测模型

针对现有基于评论分析的推荐算法没有充分考虑个性化的问题, 通过对评论进行主题分析, 挖掘用户的喜好, 分别建立基于用户和物品的个性化评分预测模型。在真实数据集上进行实验验证, 结果表明该模型有效地提高了推荐系统的评分预测性能。     

结合用户评论与评分信息的推荐算法

为了提高推荐系统为用户推荐新产品的准确率,挖掘出每位顾客的隐藏喜好以及每个产品的性能十分关键。基于用户反馈技术经常被用于发现产品的潜在特性和用户维度,本文提出了一种将用户评分中的潜在因子和评论中的潜在主题相结合的推荐模型。该模型通过对评论文本进行分析从而实现更精确的评分预测,特别适用于对新产品和新用户的评分预测。通过在公开数据集上的验证实验,证明了该模型较传统推荐系统在性能上有显著提升。     

基于BP神经网络与隐马尔科夫模型的推荐算法

针对个性化推荐系统中用户偏好的学习与高维稀疏数据处理问题.受到隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)结构特征启发,采用一种考虑上下文的两阶段用户偏好收集推理策略的个性化推荐算法.选择MD算法对系统历史评分信息进行挖掘处理,提取用户偏好分布频繁三项集作为隐含状态,将用户评分项目序列看作观测状态,从而抽象为一个HMM模型,结合BP神经网络进行第一阶段的HMM模型的用户偏好学习与推理.然后根据第一阶段的学习训练生成最优推荐集合.实验结果表明基于HMM的推荐算法比传统推荐算法具有更好的适应性和推荐质量.     

基于双层注意力机制的联合深度推荐模型

许多电子商务网站中存在用户编写的大量评论信息,大部分推荐系统虽然利用了评论信息,但仅从单词级别而不是评论级别来评估评论的重要性。如果只考虑评论中的重要单词,而忽略了真正有用的评论,则会降低推荐模型的性能。基于此,文中提出了一种基于双层注意力机制的联合深度推荐模型(DLALSTM)。该模型首先利用双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)分别对用户和项目评论进行词以及评论级别联合建模,并通过两层注意力机制聚合为评论表示和用户/项目表示,然后把从评论中学习的用户和项目的潜在表示融入由评分矩阵得到的用户偏好和项目特征,实现评分预测。采用文中模型在Yelp和亚马逊的不同领域数据集上进行实验评估,并与常用的推荐方法进行比较,发现文中提出的模型性能超过目前常用的推荐方法,同时该模型能够缓解数据稀疏问题,且具有较好的可解释性。     

基于Timed-HITS与协同过滤的混合推荐算法

用户间的信任关系、用户对商品的偏好兴趣及商品的时效性都会影响对商品的推荐效果.将这些因素引入到基本的HITS算法中,对HITS算法进行了改进.将用户对商品的偏好兴趣矩阵进行了改进,利用隐馈数据通过逻辑回归算法估计用户对商品的偏好兴趣,对评分为零的情况赋予了不同的偏好兴趣度,这样更符合实际.将改进的HITS算法和协同过滤算法相结合得到一个混合推荐算法,同时将用户分为活跃用户和非活跃用户分别进行推荐.将提出的算法在Movielens数据集上进行了试验,结果表明该算法在一定程度上缓解了数据稀疏和冷启动的问题,推荐效果优于基于用户的协同过滤算法.     

融合社交网络信息的协同过滤方法

针对目前协同过滤方法存在的数据稀疏性、冷启动以及未能有效利用用户社交网络信息提高推荐质量等问题,提出一种融合用户社交网络信息的协同过滤方法,该方法以矩阵分解推荐模型为核心,可综合集成目标用户个人偏好以及社交网络中的关系用户偏好特征信息做出推荐.通过设计相应的推荐方法,并基于梯度下降法对用户以及商品特征矩阵的求解进行了优化运算.相关实验结果表明融合社交网络信息可在一定程度上提高协同过滤的推荐准确度以及缓解数据稀疏性、冷启动问题.     

融入用户风险偏好的三支协同过滤推荐模型

基于用户的不同风险偏好特征，提出一种融入用户风险偏好的三支协同过滤推荐模型来提高推荐规则的准确性.首先，考虑用户的不同风险偏好对项目评分的影响，基于用户-项目评分矩阵定义用户关于项目的偏好概率测度，建立用户-项目偏好概率模型，从理论上证明了该模型是现有模型的推广和拓展.其次，利用决策粗糙集，推导出用户在不同风险偏好下的三支推荐模型阈值表达.然后，以上述工作为基础，将推荐准确性和推荐成本作为优化目标，设计基于粒子群优化算法的用户偏好概率模型参数确定方法 .最后，在MovieLens数据集上的实验验证了提出模型的有效性.     

基于矩阵分解与随机森林的多准则推荐算法

现今的推荐算法大多忽略用户偏好和项目属性中的多个特征,而是在单一推荐准则的基础上训练模型进行推荐. 基于多准则的推荐算法通过考虑用户偏好的多个方面,可以为用户行为提供更加准确的预测. 酒店是旅游行业中重要的环节,为了提高旅客体验,实现酒店评分预测,提出了基于矩阵分解与随机森林的多准则推荐算法. 该算法分两步实现,通过矩阵分解训练得出用户对物品在各个准则上的评分特征,然后随机森林学习评分特征预测最终评分. 实验结果显示,相较传统算法,基于矩阵分解与随机森林的多准则推荐算法的准确性和实用价值更高.     

基于标签重要程度的协同过滤推荐算法

针对传统协同过滤推荐算法在用户隐式反馈数据挖掘不够充分、用户兴趣偏好模型过于粗糙,提出一种标签重要程度的协同过滤推荐算法。用户使用标签的种类和频率可以反映用户的偏好和偏好程度;在此基础上建立新的用户兴趣偏好模型,将标签对用户的影响程度进行量化,建立新的相似度计算方法。最后获得目标用户的近邻集合和预测评分,为目标用户实施有效推荐。实验结果表明该算法大幅度提高了推荐的精准度、缓解了冷启动问题。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.