节理裂隙边坡锚注加固力学模型与实验研究

对加锚注浆节理模型进行力学分析,并与注浆胶结裂隙岩体模型力学试验结果进行对比验证。研究结果表明:压力注浆能够提高加锚节理裂隙边坡弱面的抗剪强度及抗剪刚度;裂隙注浆胶结体强度与浆液配比、注浆压力、裂隙所含介质的组成以及岩体赋存应力场、渗流场有关;锚杆与注浆体共同作用能够发挥两者各自的力学特性,从而提高边坡的加固效果。     

运营期渗漏水隧道注浆材料适用性

根据运营期渗漏水隧道注浆治理对注浆材料的要求,研究普通硅酸盐水泥、水泥-水玻璃、超细水泥及聚合物水泥主要性能参数,设计开元隧道3个地质条件相似试验段,采用普通水泥、超细水泥及聚合物水泥进行现场注浆,通过雷达探测及现场工况进行注浆效果评估,结合注浆技术可行性、注浆效果及经济性,分析运营期隧道不同渗漏水条件下注浆材料适用性。研究结果表明:聚合物水泥浆液流动度、结石率及结石体强度较大,聚合物水泥浆液对含水构造渗漏水通道封堵密实;超细水泥适用于微孔隙及微裂隙渗水区域,聚合物水泥适用于裂隙密集渗漏水区或表面渗水区,普通水泥适用于空洞较大区域,水泥-水玻璃浆液适用于流量水压较大漏水区域。     

改性水泥-水玻璃注浆材料防渗性能试验研究

为了使水泥-水玻璃注浆材料在注浆中得到更广泛的应用,通过室内配比试验和扫描电镜分析对5%膨润土掺量下水泥-水玻璃体积比和粉煤灰掺量对水泥-水玻璃(C-S)浆液性质的影响进行研究,并开展现场试验对该改性浆液的防渗性能进行了研究。结果表明:(1)改性C-S双液的凝胶时间有所延长,且凝胶时间随着C-S体积比的增大而缩短、粉煤灰掺量的增大而延长;(2)浆液结石体的抗压强度和抗折强度都随C-S体积比的增大都呈现先增大后减小的趋势并在体积比约为2时达到最大,浆液结石体的抗压强度随粉煤灰掺量的增大而降低,结石体7 d抗折强度随着粉煤灰掺量的增加先增加后减小,试验条件下,粉煤灰掺量为25%取得最大抗折强度;(3)通过扫描电镜对结石体微观结构分析得出,粉煤灰掺量为25%、C-S体积比为2的配比下水泥的水化反应最充分,粉煤灰的微集料反应发挥最佳;(4)通过现场防渗试验验证了研发浆液材料的防渗性能满足规范要求。改性C-S浆液较好地结合了几种材料的优点,建议采用的材料配比为25%粉煤灰、5%膨润土、70%水泥,C-S体积比为2。     

矿物掺合料对水泥-水玻璃注浆材料性能的影响

为保证道路工程注浆材料具有良好的工作性、抗水分散性和较少的泌水率,采用粉煤灰和矿渣微粉为矿物掺合料、膨润土为浆体稳定剂以及水玻璃为促凝剂,研究了矿物掺和料种类及含量对水泥基-水玻璃双液注浆材料性能的影响规律。结果表明,适量的粉煤灰可以提高水泥基浆液的流动性,而且可以有效增加水泥基浆液的有效水胶比;矿渣微粉对水泥基浆液的流动性无明显影响,但可有效提升水泥基浆液结石体后期抗压强度;以粉煤灰为矿物掺合料的水泥基-水玻璃双浆材料力学性能优于矿渣微粉,但矿渣微粉对浆液结石体的孔结构改善效果更好。     

不同土体中水泥-水玻璃浆液的扩散规律

为研究不同土体中水泥-水玻璃浆液扩散规律,基于浆液劈裂土体形成的裂缝形状和宾汉流体在平板裂缝中的流变方程,推导出不同土体中水泥-水玻璃浆液黏度、流量、注浆压力差、浆液扩散距离的计算公式,计算分析不同土体中水泥-水玻璃浆液的黏度、注浆压力以及裂隙高度对浆液扩散距离的影响。研究结果表明:浆液扩散距离随浆液黏度的增大呈非线性减小,随注浆压力的增大呈非线性增大,裂隙高度增大使浆液扩散距离迅速增大;通过注浆后工程现场取芯试验对计算结果进行分析,验证了不同土体中浆液扩散距离和劈裂缝高度的关系。     

预置节理岩体锚注加固机理研究

通过应用室内力学实验,建立实验模型,模型主要对节理岩体、锚固节理岩体以及锚注节理岩体的抗剪强度和本构关系进行对比分析。试验结果显示:锚杆加固、注浆加固、以及锚注加固能够很好的提高节理试件的刚度和抗剪强度;从粘聚力和内摩擦角的增幅变化中,发现粘聚力的增幅大于内摩擦角的增幅。通过室内锚注试件的剪切实验和锚注节理边坡的控制效应,发现锚注加固可以有效控制节理岩体的变形和位移,同时对矿山节理岩体的控制和利用有理论指导意义。     

岩体弱面注浆对边坡稳定性影响的模型及数值分析

针对实际工程中岩体边坡加固技术的不足,从边坡稳定内因出发,基于提高边坡岩体自身抗剪强度的思想,提出了压力注浆加固的方法.从力学机理出发,研究了注浆胶结体对加锚弱面力学性能的影响,在力学基础上为注浆工艺提供了论证.通过ANSYS建立数值模型,利用本文自编ANSYS-FLAC3D转换程序导入FLAC3D进行数值分析,在分别改变弱面抗剪强度参数c、φ值的条件下,得到c、φ与安全系数K之间的关系.分析结果表明,通过注浆提高弱面的c、φ值,能够从本质上提高边坡的稳定性.研究结果为岩体边坡压力注浆加固方法提供了可靠依据.图9,表1,参10.     

垂直荷重对不同材料改良膨胀土抗剪强度影响研究

通过不同垂直荷重下的直剪试验,探究石灰、水泥、粉煤灰改良膨胀土的内摩擦角、黏聚力以及抗剪强度随垂直荷重级数的改变而变化的规律,验证不同材料改良时的抗剪强度曲线与莫尔-库伦强度理论的相符程度。研究表明,在改良材料及掺量一定时,随着垂直荷重的增加,改良膨胀土内摩擦角逐渐减小,黏聚力逐渐增大。粉煤灰改良时内摩擦角减小幅度最大,黏聚力增长幅度最小;水泥改良时内摩擦角减小幅度最小而黏聚力增长幅度最大;石灰改良时内摩擦角及黏聚力的变化幅度居中。当垂直荷重级数相同时,掺3种材料对膨胀土抗剪强度提高幅度依次为:水泥、石灰、粉煤灰。当垂直荷重级数相同时,掺石灰对膨胀土内摩擦角的提高幅度最大,而对黏聚力的提高来说,掺水泥效果最好;掺石灰改良时,试验所取的垂直荷重对抗剪强度指标的影响程度较大,而粉煤灰改良时,抗剪强度与垂直荷重的关系接近库伦定律,垂直荷重的取值对抗剪强度指标的影响较小。     

全风化花岗岩地层单-双液浆加固试验研究

针对全风化花岗岩注浆治理工程中的浆液选型及注浆参数调控问题,通过注浆模拟试验,对水泥浆液和水泥-水玻璃浆液(C-S浆液)2种浆液的加固效果进行对比分析研究。研究结果表明,单-双液浆在地层中均以劈裂扩散为主,但扩散模式具有显著差异:水泥浆液呈直线式和放射式2种,其主控因素为水灰比;而C-S浆液的扩散模式主要为放射式和网络式,扩散模式受水灰比和注浆压力双因素影响。2种浆液注入地层后,加固体试样抗压强度、抗崩解性均显著增高,根据对加固效果的作用关系可将水灰比分为注浆压力作用区(水灰比为0.80～1.13)和C-S浆液优势区(水灰比为1.13～1.50),水泥浆液多适用于深部高压加固区,C-S浆液多适用于浅部低压加固区。在满足注浆工程要求前提下,C-S浆液加固体压缩可变形性和残余强度比水泥浆液加固体的高,加固地层更为稳定。通过工程现场验证,研究成果对类似地层的注浆加固治理具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。     

不同膨胀比下高聚物抗剪强度试验研究

高聚物材料作为一种优良的注浆加固材料被逐步运用于岩土工程的众多领域,了解其强度和变形特性对深入了解高聚物注浆加固体的加固机理和综合强度有重要意义.基于此,采用直剪仪进行了不同膨胀比条件下高聚物的抗剪强度试验,研究了不同膨胀比下高聚物剪应力-位移、变形和强度特性.结果表明:高聚物膨胀比和竖向压应力对高聚物强度和剪胀特性影响较大;高聚物的剪应力-位移变化规律与黏土和砂土较为类似,剪切位移较小时剪应力快速上升,随后保持稳定;高聚物有与砂土十分接近的剪胀性,膨胀比和竖向压应力越低则剪胀性越明显;随着高聚物膨胀比的增加,其黏聚力和摩擦角均逐渐减小,近似呈幂函数关系.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.