环境温度和水化时间对纳米偏高岭土水泥浆流变性的影响

为研究环境温度和水化时间对纳米偏高岭土(NMK)水泥浆流变性的影响，利用流变性方法测量不同环境温度(8～45℃)和水化时间(10～90min)条件下NMK水泥浆流变性的变化规律.同时采用X-射线衍射仪和激光粒度仪分析新拌NMK水泥浆水化特性及絮凝结构.考虑环境温度、水化时间、NMK掺量和水胶比的影响，基于BP神经网络建立了流变参数预测模型.结果表明：水泥与水接触90min内水泥水化缓慢，NMK颗粒特性和絮凝结构是影响新拌水泥浆流变性的主要因素.NMK水泥浆流变特征符合修正Bingham模型，浆体呈现剪切稀化行为；随环境温度(8～45℃)升高，NMK水泥浆表观黏度降低，触变性先增大后减小，且水泥浆触变性在27℃左右达到最大值；环境温度对屈服应力和塑性黏度无显著影响.掺1%～10%NMK水泥浆表观黏度、屈服应力和塑性黏度随水化时间(10～90min)的变化幅度较普通水泥浆小.考虑环境温度、水化时间、NMK掺量等多因素影响的BP神经网络模型所预测流变参数与试验值吻合较好.     

新拌纳米偏高岭土水泥浆流变性

为了探明纳米偏高岭土(NMK)对新拌水泥浆流变性能的影响,采用流变仪开展了水胶质量比(0.40、0.45、0.50)和减水剂(SP)影响下,掺加不同质量分数(1％、3％、5％、10％、15％)NMK水泥浆流变试验,得到了表观黏度、屈服应力、塑性黏度等流变参数,探讨了NMK掺量对水泥浆流变性的影响规律;基于修正Krieger-Dougherty模型预测了NMK水泥浆黏度;并建立了流动参数与流变参数之间的关系.结果 表明:随NMK掺量增加,表观黏度、屈服应力和塑性黏度增大,流动度降低;水胶质量比0.50,掺质量分数15％ NMK水泥浆的屈服应力、塑性黏度较普通水泥浆分别增大约6倍和9倍,流动度降低约50％.NMK导致水泥浆内部絮凝结构增加,触变性增大.修正Krieger-Dougherty模型所预测低掺量(质量分数＜3％)NMK水泥浆黏度与试验值吻合良好;流动度与黏度、屈服应力、塑性黏度间均存在幂函数关系.     

水泥与减水剂相容性的流变学研究

通过考察水灰比、减水剂类型、水泥等因素对水泥与减水剂相容性及净浆流变性能的影响,研究相容性与浆体流变性能的关系,阐述了相容性的流变学含义.研究结果表明:掺减水剂的水泥净浆的流变特征符合一般宾汉姆流型或牛顿流型.Marsh筒法检测的流速是浆体屈服应力和黏度系数的综合反映;饱和点掺量与饱和点Marsh时间分别代表了浆体屈服应力和黏度系数降低至最小恒定值时对应的减水剂最小掺量,以及最小黏度系数的大小.     

石灰石粉对水泥浆体水化特性及流变性能的影响

利用微量热仪和旋转黏度计,从掺量和细度两方面研究了石灰石粉对水泥浆体水化特性和流变性能的影响.从水化放热速率和放热量角度分析了石灰石粉对水化特性的影响,从紧密堆积理论和固体颗粒体积分数两个角度分析石灰石粉对流变性能的影响.结果表明:石灰石粉可以促进体系的水化进程,且石灰石粉细度越大,促进作用越明显.石灰石粉掺量增大导致水泥含量减少,所以体系第二放热峰峰值和总放热量随石灰石粉掺量的增大而减小.随着石灰石粉掺量或细度的增加,复合体系中固体颗粒的体积分数逐渐增大,粒径分布模数减小,且体系的粒度分布曲线逐渐接近于最密堆积的理想分布曲线.复合体系的屈服应力和塑性黏度随石灰石粉掺量的增大而减小,随石灰石粉细度的增大而增大.     

聚羧酸分子量对净浆流变性能的影响

试验研究了水泥净浆的流变曲线、颗粒堆积密实度、间隙液黏度和聚羧酸减水剂(polycarboxylate superplasticizers,PCE)的吸附量,探究了相同流动度下PCE分子量对水泥净浆流变性能的影响及其内在机理.结果表明:PCE存在一个最佳的分子量范围,使得处于该范围的PCE具有最强的分散能力.在选取的4种PCE中,重均分子量为29.582 kg/mol的PCE减水剂的分散性能最佳.由于桥接作用的存在,分子量大的PCE需要更多地吸附在水泥颗粒表面,以增大颗粒间距,使得浆体的屈服应力(流动度)基本相同.此时,浆体的剩余黏度主要受颗粒堆积密实度与固相体积分数的影响,呈现出随PCE分子量增加而逐渐降低的变化规律.     

丁苯乳液-橡胶粉改性水泥基材料性能及其机理研究

以丁苯乳液(SBR)和废弃橡胶粉作为改性组分,研究它们对水泥基材料流变性、力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:SBR能明显增大水泥净浆的流动度并使其表观黏度减小,改善硬化浆体的微观结构,提高硬化浆体的抗折强度和韧性;橡胶粉对硬化水泥浆体的抗压强度有不利影响,但能填充水泥石中的孔隙,提高其韧性;SBR-橡胶粉复合改性时,SBR在水泥颗粒表面成膜,限制熟料矿物的水化,使水化加速期的持续时间延长,水化产物生成量减少,但聚合物膜与水化产物及橡胶粉颗粒形成相互交织的空间网络结构,使浆体更加密实,显著提高水泥浆体的力学性能。     

膏体流变参数影响机制及计算模型

首先对膏体物料特性开展量化表征研究,通过分析膏体细观结构的物质组成,提出了一种全面描述物料特征的综合指标——固体填充率;开展膏体流变实验,基于宾汉模型对流变曲线进行拟合获得相应的屈服应力及塑性黏度,分析了体积分数、质量加权平均粒径、不均匀系数、细颗粒及水泥质量分数等因素对流变参数的影响规律,并从细观结构的角度对其影响机制进行了解释,最终构建了流变参数关于固体填充率的计算模型.研究结果表明:相同条件下,膏体屈服应力及塑性黏度随体积分数增大呈指数增大,随物料不均匀系数增大而减小,随细颗粒含量增大呈先减小再增大的变化趋势.     

基于环管实验的膏体流变特性及影响因素

为研究膏体的流变特性与影响因素,自主设计研发小型膏体环管实验平台,测试不同工况条件下膏体管道输送的τw-dv/dr流动曲线,并采用Hershel-Bulkey模型(简称H-B模型)进行回归分析,获得膏体管道输送的流变参数,分析水泥掺量、尾砂颗粒粒径及料浆质量分数对膏体屈服应力τ0、塑性黏度μ的影响。研究结果表明:膏体流变模型属于n1,τ00屈服伪塑性体,用H-B模型描述更为精确,其屈服应力τ0和塑性黏度μ都随着膏体料浆的质量分数增加呈指数增加,随着水泥掺量的增加先增大后降低;膏体料浆质量分数一定的情况下,构成膏体的尾砂粒径越细,屈服应力越大,与尾砂的比表面积呈幂指数关系。     

再生细骨料残余浆体对混凝土流变性和强度的影响

文章开展再生细骨料残余浆体的定量表征实验、混凝土常规工作性能试验、流变性能试验和力学性能试验,研究不同残余浆体质量分数对再生细骨料混凝土流变性能和力学性能的影响。研究发现,再生骨料表面残余浆体的去除可以明显改善其基本性能,再生细骨料的使用会使新拌混凝土的坍落度和扩展度损失加快,屈服应力增大,塑性黏度降低。随着再生细骨料残余浆体质量分数的减少,用其制备出的再生混凝土的抗压强度和劈裂抗拉随之增大。当浆体质量分数为14.9%时,骨料水泥界面过渡区粘结紧密,再生细骨料混凝土的28 d抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度分别为28.50、2.30 MPa,约为普通混凝土的89%、77%,表明较低残余浆体质量分数的再生细骨料可取代天然砂应用于混凝土中。     

阳离子乳化沥青对水泥乳化沥青浆体流变性的影响

采用流变仪测定水泥乳化沥青(CA)浆体的流变曲线,考察沥青与水泥质量比、沥青的组成和阳离子乳化沥青中乳化剂含量对CA浆体表观黏度和屈服应力的影响,通过激光粒度仪测定乳化沥青平均粒径,探讨乳化沥青平均粒径对CA浆体流变性的影响。结果表明:CA浆体属于非牛顿流体,呈现剪切变稀的特性;CA浆体的表观黏度和屈服应力都随沥青与水泥质量比和乳化沥青中乳化剂含量的增加而增大,随沥青质质量分数的增加而降低;CA浆体的表观黏度和屈服应力与乳化沥青的平均粒径负相关。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.