大孔GAM珠状聚合物固定化青霉素酰化酶催化性能的研究

应用反相悬浮技术合成了大孔甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)-丙烯酰胺(AM)-N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAA)珠状三元聚合物GAM,并用于制备固定化青霉素酰化酶.在37℃时,用固定化酶PA/GAM(粒径0.10~0.13 mm)水解青霉素G制备6-氨基青霉烷酸(6-APA),其表观活性为569 IU/g,表观米氏常数k′m为1.7×10-2mol/L,最大反应速度vmax为6.1×10-4mol/min,水解反应最适温度为50℃,最适pH值为8.0.固定化酶在pH值为4.0~9.0,且温度低于40℃时活性稳定,经20次间歇操作使用后,催化活性没有明显衰减,有良好的应用前景.     

Co-MCM-48和Co-MCM-41介孔分子筛对青霉素酰化酶的固定化作用

制备了含钴MCM-48和MCM-41的介孔分子筛，用作酶生物催化剂固定化的载体．采用XRD、低温N2吸附及FT-IR等方法研究了介孔载体的结构特征、表面酸性和对青霉素酰化酶（Penicillin G Acylase，PGA）的固定化作用．结果表明，Co-MCM-48与Co-MCM-41介孔分子筛表面存在着弱酸性高浓度的自由羟基，为酶的固定化提供了功能性基团和适宜的微环境．固定化酶PGA／Co-MCM-48水解青霉素G的表现活性为1682IU／g，约是PGA／Co-MCM-41水解青霉素G表现活性的2．4倍．经6次连续操作使用，PGA／Co-MCM-48的水解活性降至1375IU／g，保持其初始活性的81％，而PGA／Co-MCM-41保持其初始活性的42％．Co-MCM-48固定化青霉素酰化酶的活性和操作稳定性显著好于Co-MCM-41固定化酶。     

聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯固定化青霉素酰化酶性质的研究

应用反相悬浮技术合成了珠状甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯 - N ,N′-亚甲基双 (丙烯酰胺 )共聚物 ,并将巨大芽孢杆菌 ( Bacillus megaterium)青霉素酰化酶共价偶联到甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物载体上 ,制成固定化青霉素酰化酶 ,其表观活性为 3 71 U/g(干重 ) ,水解青霉素 G钾盐的最适温度为 47°C,最适 p H为 8.5 ,在 p H4.5～ 9.0 ,温度 40°C以下时酶的活性稳定 ,表观米氏常数 Km为 1 .3 3× 1 0 -2 mol/L ,最大反应速度 vmax为 1 .2 7× 1 0 -5mol/min,固定化酶在 4°C冰箱保存 3 5 d,再水解 w=0 .0 2的青霉素 G钾盐溶液 ,重复使用 3 0次 ,保留酶活性 88.1 %。     

固定化粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶的制备

粪产碱杆菌来源的青霉素G酰化酶通过共价结合在环氧型载体EupergitC上,通过对酶质量浓度、固定化反应时间、pH 值以及反应温度等条件的考察,确定了最优固定化条件：375mg比活力5000U/g的重组粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶蛋白对应1g载体,最适pH8.0,反应温度30 ℃.反应120h后制得固定化青霉素G酰化酶活力达到220U/g,固定化酶效率为10.7%.该固定化酶可在含饱和乙酸丁酯磷酸缓冲液中彻底水解青霉素G钾盐.经过15批连续水解反应,固定化酶仍保持95%的活力,展现出良好的稳定性.     

PGA在含环氧活性基的多孔高聚物载体上的固定化及修饰

研究了青霉素G酰化酶(PGA)在含环氧活性基的多孔高聚物载体上的固定化及修饰,优化固定化条件为1 mol/L,pH 8.0的磷酸钾缓冲体系,每克载体(湿重)投酶量为500~550 U,30℃下150 r/min固定化36~48 h,得到的固定化酶表观酶活为每克载体(湿重)177 U,表观酶活回收率35%。固定化酶经巯基乙醇修饰后提高了热稳定性。固定化酶水解青霉素G的最适pH为9.0,最适温度为47℃,在pH 4~9,40℃以下稳定。固定化酶的各项性能均优于游离酶。     

合成有机载体固定化猪胰脂肪酶性质研究

以丙烯酸（AA）为单体,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBAA）为交联剂,W（乙醇）=95％为致孔剂反相悬浮聚合得到白色珠状聚合物载体材料,通过N-羟基丁二酰亚胺（NHS）在二环己基碳二亚胺（DCC）作用下脱水得到含酯基活化载体,从而在温和条件下以共价法固定化猪胰脂肪酶．研究得到固定化酶的最佳条件是200r／min,40℃固定1h．比较自由酶和固定化酶的最适温度和pH值,自由酶的最适温度为35℃,固定化酶的最适温度为40℃,提高了5℃;自由酶的最适pH值为8．5,固定化酶的最适pH值为9．5,提高了1个pH单位．连续使用5次固定化酶,仍具有75．7％的相对活力,4℃冰箱中贮存2个月活力未见明显下降,具有一定的工业应用价值．     

壳聚糖固定化α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶的研究

采用壳聚糖作为载体，戊二醛作交联剂制备固定化α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶（ALDC），优化了固定化条件。实验结果：活力1380U／g，蛋白载量98．30mg／g，比活力14．04U／mg，活性回收率37，l％，固定化α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶最适温度30℃，最适pH5．5。     

固定化乙酰胆碱脂酶的研究

以戊二醛为交联剂,将乙酰胆碱脂酶交联固定到硅胶载体上,研究了影响固定化酶的主要因素．通过酶活力的测定,确定了最佳戊二醛浓度、pH值、固定化时间、酶用量、固定化酶的最适作用温度、pH值、酶的稳定性及其回收率．结果表明：戊二醛浓度为0．5％,pH值为8．0,固定3．0h,酶与载体比例为30mg／g可制备良好的功能化载体．固定化乙酰胆碱脂酶最适作用温度和pH范围分别为40℃和6．0～9．0．重复使用10次固定化酶,回收率约为70％．     

戊二醛交联壳聚糖固定化青霉素G酰化酶及其性质研究

以戊二醛为交联剂,壳聚糖为载体固定化粪产碱杆菌来源的青霉素G酰化酶.通过单因素和正交试验优化确定固定化最佳条件:0.1 g载体,2.5%戊二醛,酶量160 U,0.6mol/L NaCl,0.2 mol/L磷酸缓冲液9.5 mL,37℃,pH 8.0,固定化38 h.固定化酶最高比活为48.7 U/g湿载体.固定化酶性...     

固定化木瓜蛋白酶的研究及其应用

从8种载体材料中选取自制的氨基含量约2．878mmol/g的甲壳质作为固定化载体,采用吸附交联法,以戊二醛为交联剂,对木瓜蛋白酶进行固定化。17．5mg/g的固定化酶／载体比较,pH6.5,5℃下,先吸附10min,再以0．7％的戊二醛终浓度交联12h,所得固定化酶酶活回收可达52．0％,酶活力为3．54U／g。固定化酶在65℃以下,溶液酶在55℃以下稳定;固定化酶在pH7.0以下稳定,溶液酶在pH6.0以下稳定;5℃条件下,固定化酶贮藏半衰期为183d;以酪蛋白为底物,固定化酶的操作半衰期可达27d。用固定化酶水解甲壳胺,产物分子量小于10 000的甲壳胺低聚糖得率约为45．55％。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.