二甲基甲酰胺中电沉积镁镍合金的研究

研究了二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中Mg(Ⅱ)和Ni(Ⅱ)在Pt和Cu电极上的电化学行为；用恒电位法沉积出有金属光泽、致密、附着力好的Mg-Ni合金膜，并用EDAX分析Mg-Ni合金膜组成，其中Mg含量可达26．07％(质量比)，用SEM分析膜表面形貌，用X-射线衍射（XRD)分析合金膜的形态为非晶态．     

两种Mg-Zn-Nd合金的微观组织和性能

利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、万能力学试验机、电化学法等手段,研究Mg97Zn1Nd2(Ⅰ)和Mg94Zn2Nd4(Ⅱ)2种镁合金的微观组织、力学性能及电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明:2种合金均由α-Mg基体相和第2相Mg12Nd组成,第2相在Ⅰ合金中呈不连续断网状分布,在Ⅱ合金中呈近似连续网状分布。Ⅱ合金较Ⅰ合金的晶粒更加细化,抗拉强度、硬度及延伸率分别由201.73 MPa、82.2 MPa及3.07%提高到220.61 MPa、87.2 MPa及5.31%。Ⅰ合金为脆性断裂,Ⅱ合金为混合型断裂。Ⅱ合金较Ⅰ合金腐蚀电流密度由-3.342 m A/mm2增大到-2.834 m A/mm2,耐腐蚀性能减弱。     

快淬Mg2Ni型合金的结构及贮氢动力学

用快淬技术制备Mg2-xLaxNi(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金,用XRD,SEM和HRTEM分析合金的微观组织结构;测试合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学。结果表明:快淬二元Mg2Ni合金具有典型的纳米晶结构,而快淬La替代合金明显地具有非晶结构,La替代Mg提高Mg2Ni型合金的非晶形成能力。La替代Mg明显地改变Mg2Ni型合金的相组成,当x=0.4时,合金的主相改变为(La,Mg)Ni3+LaMg3。快淬及La替代明显影响合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学,La替代使合金的吸氢动力学先降低后增加,但使合金的气态脱氢及电化学贮氢动力学先增加后降低。快淬对合金气态及电化学贮氢动力学的影响与合金的成分相关,对于La0.4合金,合金的气态吸氢动力学随淬速的增加先增加后减小,其放氢动力学随淬速的增加而增加。     

乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中电沉积Mg-Co合金的研究

在353K的乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中,Co（Ⅱ）一步不可逆还原为金属Co,测得Co（Ⅱ）在Pt电极上n为0．308和D0为2．58×10^-7cm^2·S^-1;Co（Ⅱ）在Cu电极上α为0．25,Do为3．2×10^-6cm^2·s^-1Mg（Ⅱ）不能单独被还原为Mg,但是可以被Co（Ⅱ）诱导共沉积．由恒电位电解法得到非晶态的Mg-Co合金膜,合金中Mg的含量随着阴极电位的负移和Mg（Ⅱ）／Co（Ⅱ）摩尔比增大而增大,镁的最大含量可达28．75wt％．     

镁基大块非晶玻璃转变的动力学性质

用真空吹铸法制备了直径2 mm的Mg65Cu25Y6Gd4与Mg65Cu25Gd10块体非晶合金棒,采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)分别对非晶合金的结构和形成能力进行了研究.以Mg65Cu25Y6Gd4与Mg65Cu25Gd10大块非晶合金DTA实验为基础,利用Kissinger方程对其玻璃转变的动力学性质从不同方面进行了研究.分析结果表明:玻璃转变表观激活能与频率因子v0越小,玻璃转变处Lasocka关系的B值越大,则对于同一合金系表现出玻璃形成能力(GFA)越强,这一现象是由于大块非晶合金独特的结构特点所引起的.     

充型速度对半固态A1Si9Mg组织及性能的影响

采用倾斜冷却剪切流变法制备半固态A1Si9Mg合金熔体,流变压铸标准力学性能试样并进行了力学性能测定,用定量金相技术对力学性能试样的初生固相微观组织特征参数(固相率、晶粒尺寸和形状因子)进行了分析,研究了充型速度对半固态AlSi9Mg合金组织及性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着充型速度的提高,AlSi9Mg合金组织的初生固...     

复合锑膜修饰铜电极溶出伏安法测定水中痕量镉、铅

制备了一个铜锑合金层过渡的锑膜修饰铜电极,用于水中镉和铅的检测.该电极以铜电极为基底,先利用循环伏安法得到铜锑合金层,然后在合金层表面沉积一层锑膜.研究了电沉积和操作参数对溶出峰电流的影响.在浓度范围1~100μg/L的Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)溶液中,该电极显示出良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.996 0和0.995 2.铜基复合锑膜电极对Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的检出限分别为0.25μg/L和0.08μg/L(信噪比为3).该电极具有成本低、易制作、稳定、低毒、重现性好等优点,有望应用于环境水质的现场监测.     

Mg-3Al-1Zn-(0~0.5)Sr镁合金铸态组织中的第二相研究

为系统研究微量Sr对铸态AZ31镁合金组织中第二相的影响,且为含Sr的Mg-Al-Zn系合金设计提供理论基础,通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜观察(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段,对Sr含量为0~0.5(质量分数,%,下同)AZ31镁合金铸态组织中的第二相的类型及形成原因进行了分析。结果表明：铸态AZ31合金中除了Mg17Al12相以外,还存在少量的小块状Mg21(Zn,Al)17相。添加Sr含量为0.1的AZ31合金中存在Mg17Al12、Mg21(Zn,Al)17相以及少量Al4Sr相,添加Sr含量为0.3的合金组织中能观察到Al4Sr、Mg21(Zn,Al)17相以及少量Mg17Al12相,而在添加Sr含量为0.5的合金中仅能观察到Al4Sr和Mg21(Zn,Al)17相,Mg17Al12相的形成受到抑制。此外,层片状共晶Al4Sr相的数量在质量分数为0.3~0.5的区间随着Sr含量的增加显著增多。     

Mg-Ce-Zn-Zr合金的显微组织与力学性能

对Mg—Ce—Zn—Zr合金的显微组织进行了观察研究，通过XRD分析、光学显微(OM)分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明：Mg12Ce及Mg17Ce2相铸态时主要存在于晶界，存在于晶界的稀士相Mg12Ce能显著提高合金的再结晶温度，阻碍晶界迁移．因而能提高合金高温机械性能，该合金在热挤压后没有发现明显动态再结晶发生．     

Zn和Mg质量比对7055铝合金淬火敏感性的影响

通过测定时效曲线,结合金相显微镜和透射电镜等组织观察以及DSC分析,研究Zn和Mg质量比(4.10和4.67)对7055铝合金淬火敏感性的影响.结果表明:在120℃时效时,合金的淬火敏感性随着时效时间的延长而降低,而Zn和Mg质量比低的合金比Zn和Mg质量比高的合金的淬火敏感性高7％～11％:空气淬火时,Zn和Mg质量比低合金的再结晶晶粒内析出了较多粗大的η(MgZn2)平衡相,因而减少了过饱和固溶体中溶质原子的数量,降低合金的时效强化效果,提高合金的淬火敏感性:然而,Zn和Mg质量比高的合金在空气淬火过程中析出的η相较Zn和Mg质量比低的合金少,且在局部形成了S(A12CuMg)相.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.