修饰聚合物液-固亲和体系萃取测定试样中的铜

用亚胺基二乙酸(IDA)修饰聚乙二醇(PEG)8000与吐温80,构建了修饰聚合物-盐-水液-固亲和萃取体系,用于萃取发样、中草药、水样中的铜.在吐温80体积分数5%,(NH4)2SO4浓度1.66 mol/L,PEG-(IDA)2质量浓度0.1%,pH 3.30的萃取条件下 ,Cu(Ⅱ)的萃取率>96.46% .连续变换法测定Cu(Ⅱ)和PEG-(IDA)2的摩尔比是2∶1,由螯合物离解度计算配合物的表观稳定常数lgK= 5.53.该体系的萃取机理是:Cu(Ⅱ)与PEG-(IDA)2形成电中性的螯合物,与非离子型表面活性剂吐温80的羟基实现氢键作用而被萃取.     

吐温80-(NH4)2SO4-H2O液-固萃取酚类物质

研究了吐温80-(NH4)2SO4-H2O液-固萃取体系对苯酚、邻硝基苯酚和邻氯酚的最佳萃取条件,结果以吐温80的浓度(体积分数)为10.5 %,盐的种类以硫酸盐最好,其浓度为1.51 mol*L-1,萃取酸度pH 5.87.对模拟水样中苯酚、邻氯酚、邻硝基苯酚进行了萃取,用HPLC检测,其回收率分别为86.8 %、 95.7 %、100.2%.总酚回收率90.2 % .可用于水中酚类污染物的萃取.     

EDTA的酰氯化

阐述了对EDTA进行酰氯化的目的,用不同的方法合成了一种新物质--乙二胺四乙酰氯(简称EDTA酰氯),并对产物进行了鉴定和表征.将合成的EDTA酰氯与聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)和吐温80(Tween80)在N,N二甲基甲酰胺存在下反应制得了修饰聚合物PEGEDTA和TweenEDTA.并将所得产物用于构建修饰聚合物盐水液固萃取体系富集分离Cu(Ⅱ),在pH=5.40,Tween80和(NH4)2SO4的浓度分别为9%(体积百分比)和20%(质量体积百分比)的条件下,两修饰物对Cu(Ⅱ)的一次萃取率分别为89.68%(PEG-EDTA)和81.54%(TweenEDTA).     

恒波长同步荧光法测定吐温80-硫酸铵液固萃取体系中绿色荧光蛋白标记的融合蛋白

培养了含六聚组氨酸绿色荧光蛋白修饰融合蛋白的工程菌,对从工程菌中收集的蛋白原液用普通荧光和恒波长同步荧光2种荧光表征方式进行了比较,探究了分离蛋白的液固萃取体系中各因素(如硫酸铵浓度、吐温80浓度、酸度)对蛋白质荧光特性的影响,确定了萃取体系中适用的恒波长同步荧光测定法.运用该法得到液相的工作曲线线性相关系数达0.999 35,固相工作曲线线性相关系数为0.997 48,原始吐温80-硫酸铵液固萃取体系分离菌中目标蛋白,一次萃取固相收得率可达41.31%,调节pH 6.2时一次萃取固相收得率可达63.24%,进一步提高选择性,加入聚乙二醇修饰物可提高至93.50%.     

H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/SiO_2催化合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮

采用H6P2W18O62/SiO2为催化剂,以对羟基苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯、尿素为原料合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮.探讨H6P2W18O62/SiO2对本反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了反应物物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度四因素对产物收率的影响.实验表明:H6P2W18O62/SiO2是合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮的良好催化剂;在n(对羟基苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.5∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的1.5%,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min的最佳条件下,其收率可达94.4%.     

IDA修饰PEG非有机溶剂液-固萃取体系分离钪(Ⅲ)和镱(Ⅲ)

研究了 Sc和 Yb在亚氨基二乙酸修饰的聚乙二醇 (PEG- IDA)混合 Tween80 -盐水液 -固萃取体系中的分配行为 ,讨论了 PEG- IDA用量、萃取酸度、吐温用量及分相盐种类和浓度对其萃取率的影响 ,筛选出适宜的萃取分离条件 ,控制萃取酸度 ,实现了 Sc和 Yb的分离 .并用 p H电位法在 30℃的 0 .1mol· L- 1 KNO3溶液中 ,测定了PEG- IDA的离解常数以及 PEG- IDA与 Sc和 Yb形成配合物的稳定常数 ,研究了稳定常数与稀土在 PEG- IDA修饰聚合物 -盐水液 -固萃取体系中分配行为的关系 ,并对该体系富集分离稀土的机理进行了初步探讨     

稀散金属铊(Ⅰ)的溶剂萃取热力学研究

以萃取剂二—(2—乙基己基)二硫代磷酸(HR),稀释剂正辛烷,研究萃取铊(Ⅰ)的热力学.在HR+Tl2SO4 +n C8H18 +Na2SO4 +H2O体系中,在温度 278. 15 ~298. 15K和离子强度 0. 1 ~2. 0mol·kg-1范围内,以Na2SO4 为支持电解质,在H2SO4 体系中测定了萃取平衡水相中Tl+浓度和pH值.应用直线外推法在计算机上通过EXCEL计算了萃取反应的标准平衡常数K0,并得到经验公式lgK0 =62.7-7.73×103 /T-0.118×10-2T,同时计算了萃取反应的其他热力学量,指出焓和熵是该萃取过程的推动力.     

离子液体预富集-火焰原子吸收法测定头发中痕量锂

制备了5种离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐[CnMIm][PF6](其中n=4,6,8,10,12),用于头发中超痕量锂的预富集.锂(I)在萃取剂磷酸三丁酯(TBP)、协萃剂FeCl3作用下形成LiFeCI4·2TBP配合物而被萃取进入离子液体介质.有机相中加入盐酸分解锂配合物而使锂(I)进入水相,其水溶液直接用于火焰原子吸收法测定锂.最佳萃取条件:V(TBP):V(IL)=9:1;水相酸度(HCl):0.03 mol/L;相比(V(O):V(A))=7:1;n(Fe):n(Li)=2:1.在此条件下,锂的一次萃取率和反萃率达到78%和90%,富集倍数在100倍以上.机理研究表明,Li+与TBP和FeCl3形成极性较小的LiFeCI4·2TBP络合物而被萃取进入有机相,在有机相中加入盐酸因H+极化强于Li+而将Li+置换重新进入水相.预富集结合火焰原子吸收法应用于头发中超痕量锂的测定,检出限为2.5 ng/L,精密度0.05%,结果令人满意.     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体对PEG20M固相微萃取涂层萃取性能的影响

利用1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体和PEG20M为涂层材料,制备了复合PEG20M固相微萃取探头,与气相色谱联用测定了水中邻氯苯酚和4-硝基甲苯,并对萃取温度、萃取时间、盐浓度、溶液p H值等萃取条件,解吸温度和解吸时间进行了优化,结果表明:当水样中氯化钠浓度为0.40 g/m L,p H=5时,于30℃萃取30 min,萃取效果最好;140℃下3 min可完成解吸.与未加离子液体的PEG20M固相微萃取涂层相比,该涂层改善了检测的检出限和重现性,但因离子液体粘度较大等,涂层制备的重现性有待进一步提高.     

7-甲基吲哚啉合成新工艺

报道了以7-甲基吲哚为原料,用Zn-AlCl3·6H2O - H2O还原体系在回流状态下制备了7-甲基吲哚啉的一种新工艺.当n(7-甲基吲哚)∶n(Zn)∶n(AlCl3*6H2O)=1∶1.5∶0.05时,产物收率达92%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with