反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定丙酮酸发酵液中丙酮酸

提出一种利用反向高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定丙酮酸发酵液中丙酮酸的方法。应用反相C18色谱柱 ODS-2 HYPERSIL 250 mm×4．6 mm 5μm,以0．05 mol·L-1NH4H2PO4(用H3PO4调pH2．6)为流动相,发酵液经稀硫酸预处理后直接进样分离定量,每一样品的分析过程不超过5 min,可及时了解丙酮酸发酵过程中丙酮酸的变化,适于发酵液中丙酮酸的检测。     

RP-HPLC同时检测 Zymomonas mobilis 代谢组分方法的研究

优化了高效液相色谱(HPLC)同时检测Zymomonas mobilis发酵液中葡萄糖、乙醇和多种代谢产物的条件和方法,分析了影响因素、回收率和重现性.试验结果表明,选择10 mmol/L pH值为2.5 KH2PO4-H3PO4溶液作为流动相、SunFireTM C18,5μm色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm)、二极管阵列检测器,可同时检测出葡萄糖酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、乙酸;选用2 mmol/L硫酸溶液作为流动相、IC-PakTM lon-Exclusion 50 A7μm色谱柱(7.8 mm×300 mm)、示差折光检测器,可同时检测葡萄糖、山梨醇、琥珀酸、乙酸、乙醇.Z.mobilis发酵液的回收率和重现性的结果表明,该方法测定葡萄糖、乙醇和其它产物的相对标准偏差范围为0.005%～0.018%,平均回收率为96.86%～101.99%.     

淘米水发酵物中2种有机酸的测定

采用高效液相色谱法分析测定淘米水发酵液中的有机酸,确定了淘米水发酵液中有机酸分析测定的色谱条件,采用Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为1%甲醇-99%NaH_2PO_4溶液(20 mmol/L,pH=2.0);紫外检测波长210 nm;流速0.4 mL/min;柱温25℃.结果表明,在该条件下淘米水发酵液中的有机酸得到了较好分离,分离检测出乳酸、乙酸2种有机酸.该分析方法简单准确,适用于淘米水发酵液中有机酸的测定分析.     

麦糟发酵液中单糖及糖醇的高效液相色谱分析

建立高效液相色谱测定麦糟发酵液中的阿拉伯糖、阿拉伯糖醇及木糖醇的分析方法.色谱柱为Sugar-PakI柱,柱温80℃,流动相是去离子的无菌水,含50mg/LEDTA钙盐,流速为0.4ml/min,示差折光检测器检测.在此条件下发酵液中的阿拉伯糖、阿拉伯糖醇及木糖醇的峰面积与其浓度线性关系良好,相关系数R2在0.9964-0.9988之间,回收率在98.6-100.9%之间.方法简便、快速、准确.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定发酵液中他克莫司含量

建立了发酵液中他克莫司的RP-HPLC测定方法.采用Kromasil C8 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) 色谱柱,流动相为V(异丙醇)∶V(水)=35∶65,柱温50 ℃,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长220 nm,对影响分离和检测的色谱柱、流动相、柱温、检测波长等进行了筛选.结果表明,他克莫司标准品质量浓度在10～100 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,线性方程为y=0.194 9ρ -0.055 3 (r=0.999 6),发酵液试样中他克莫司的平均回收率为99.8 % (n=9),相对标准偏差为0.58 %.     

发酵液中Monacolin K的高效液相色谱分析方法研究

对高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定发酵液中Monacolin　K的含量进行了研究，找到了最佳流动相配比和流速等条件。通过测定其重视性、回收率等项指标，证明此方法对有效物质的检测具有准确、快速的特点。     

氢化可的松HPLC测定方法的研究

利用ＨＰＬＣ对发酵液中氢化可的松的测定方法进行了研究。确定了当采用色谱柱ＯＤＳ时的色谱条件检测波长２４２ ｎｍ ，流动相体积比为甲醇∶水＝ ６５∶３５、流速０．７ ｍ Ｌ／ｍ ｉｎ 等。通过重现性及回收率试验，表明本方法快速有效、结果准确     

3种植物生长调节剂的HPLC分离分析方法

在系统优化了流动相组成、流速及柱温等色谱条件后,采用Waters C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为固定相,体积比为40∶60的甲醇-水(含0.2%冰醋酸和0.1%四氢呋喃)二元溶剂体系为流动相,在流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为10.0μL,检测波长为210 nm的条件下,建立了1个同时分离测定赤霉素(GA)、6-糠氨基嘌呤(6-KT)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)的高效液相色谱方法.该方法可以在12 min内实现微生物菌体及其发酵液中这3种组分的同时分离测定,相对标准偏差在5.0%以内,回收率在106.5%～91.9%之间.     

利用高效液相色谱法同时测定土曲霉发酵液中衣康酸及残糖

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)快速测定土曲霉发酵液中衣康酸及残糖的分析方法。使用TOSOH Tskgel o Apak-A色谱柱,以0.75 mmol/L H2SO4为流动相,在柱温45℃,流速1.0 m L/min的条件下,采用示差折光检测器进行检测。结果表明,该方法在20 min内可实现发酵液中衣康酸和葡萄糖的完全分离与定量。衣康酸在0~10.056 g/L范围内的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 9,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.33%,加标回收率100.88%~102.74%。葡萄糖在0~6.016 g/L范围内的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 9,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.12%,加标回收率101.26%~103.12%。该法适用于土黄霉发酵液中衣康酸和葡萄糖的快速、高效分离和定量测定。     

利用高效液相色谱检测发酵液中S-腺苷蛋氨酸含量

建立了利用Waters2695高效液相色谱测定毕赤酵母发酵液中S-腺苷蛋氨酸(S-adenosylmethi-onine,SAM)含量的方法,对HPLC-UV法检测SAM含量的色谱条件进行优化,最佳色谱条件如下:All-tima C18柱,150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm,流动相为V(0.01 mmol/L甲酸铵)∶V(甲醇)=97∶3,流速0.6 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长260 nm.优化后的色谱分离条件可使样品中的SAM与杂质达到较佳分离,稳定性、精密度及重复性都较好,其RSD均小于1.5%.利用SAM标品制作标准曲线Y=32408606.0721 X+130181.2824,线性范围为0.012～1.2 g/L,R2达到0.9998,平均回收率为100.027%～102.533%.此方法可有效地检测发醇液中S-腺苷蛋氨酸含量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the