一种动态分布式约束优化问题协同求解算法

多Agent协作过程中的许多问题都可在分布式约束优化问题(DCOP)框架下建模,但多局限于规划问题,且一般需Agent具有完全、准确收益函数.针对DCOP局限性,定义动态分布式约束优化问题(DDCOP),分析求解它的两个关键操作:Exploration和Exploitation,提出基于混沌蚂蚁的DDCOP协同求解算法(CA-DDCOP).该算法借鉴单只蚂蚁的混沌行为和蚁群的自组织行为,实现Exploration和Exploitation,根据玻尔兹曼分布,建立平衡Exploration和Exploitation的协同方法.通过多射频多信道无线AdHoc网络的信道分配验证该算法的有效性.     

改进协同粒子群算法的汽车涂装线调度

针对汽车涂装线的复杂调度问题,提出了基于改进协同粒子群算法的新调度方法,建立了汽车涂装线的最优调度模型.将协同粒子群算法生成的各子种群看成一个个单独的Agent,构成一个多智能体联盟,子种群Agent能感知和学习联盟中其他Agent的最优位置和自身信息,进行粒子的惯性权重自适应调整.通过相互竞争,协同进化,得到联盟最优值,解码获取最优的调度策略.最后通过实例仿真,验证了该算法在涂装线调度优化中的可行性和有效性.     

基于多Agent的复合模型求解自适应QoS机制

在基于网络的分布式系统应用基础上，分析了大型复杂问题复合模型协作求解的过程特征描述，提出基于多Agent 的领域问题协作求解的主动控制策略，探讨了用户交互Agent、系统主控Agent、协作Agent以及模型Agent和数据Agent等复合模型协作求解的4种Agent类型。应用多Agent层次结构，提出一种复合模型协作求解的自适应QoS体系结构，通过实现复合模型协作求解的主动调度规划算法对其进行了验证，支持分布式网络环境下实现模型资源和数据资源的共享，以提高协同计算环境分布式问题协作求解的运行效率和服务质量。     

求解高维优化问题的扰动混沌蚁群优化算法

针对新型混沌蚁群优化算法(CAS)求解高维优化问题时存在的计算复杂和搜索精度低问题,提出了扰动混沌蚂蚁群(DCAS)算法。通过建立蚂蚁最佳位置更新贪婪规则和随机邻居选择方法有效地降低了计算复杂度;另外引入自适应扰动策略改进CAS算法,使蚂蚁增强局部搜索能力,提高了原算法的搜索精度。通过一组高维测试函数对DCAS算法的性能进行了高达1000维的仿真实验。测试结果表明,新算法对复杂的高维优化问题可行有效。     

用倾向最大回报的协同进化优化多Agent合作

进化计算是多Agent系统学习的一个有用技术。在多Agent系统研究中的某些领域,一种常用的方法是协同进化多Agent合作。研究已经指出:在某些领域,协同进化系统更倾向于稳定而不是成效(即收敛到局部优化解)。这与多Agent系统研究的目的(追求利益最大化)是不相符的。为此,文章提出了一种基于混沌机制的倾向于最大回报的协同进化算法,改进了Wiegand等人的工作,。理论分析和仿真实验表明,这种基于混沌机制的倾向能促使协同进化向更优化的全局稳定点收敛,从而帮助协同进化算法在某些合作的多Agent领域发现更好的解(甚至是最优解)。     

带创造性思维的混沌蚂蚁群优化算法

针对混沌蚂蚁群优化算法(CASO)容易陷入局部极值和精度低的缺陷,从认知学角度进行分析,将创造性思维(CT)引入CASO算法,提出了一种带创造性思维的混沌蚂蚁群优化算法(CTCASO).基于CT过程的"四阶段"模型,构建了算法框架,改进了位置更新公式,从而使蚂蚁个体在惯性、认知能力的基础上增强了CT能力,提高了蚁群的整体寻优能力.仿真结果表明,所提出的算法搜索能力强、稳定性好,并且未增加新的参数和计算难度.     

蚁群算法求解分布式系统任务分配问题

蚁群算法是受自然界蚂蚁觅食过程中,基于信息素的最短路径搜索食物行为的启发提出的一种智能优化算法.研究表明,在求解复杂优化问题方面该算法具有一定的优越性.任务分配问题是一类典型的组合优化问题.应用蚁群算法来解决多处理器分布式系统上的任务分配问题,一个任务只能分配给一个处理器处理,而一个处理器可以处理多个任务,其中每个处理器都有固定成本和能力限制.仿真结果表明,该算法比禁忌搜索和随机方法具有更好的求解能力.     

基于自适应变异的多目标鸽群优化的无人机目标搜索

无人机在搜索任务中起着关键的作用,它能够在复杂环境中寻找到目标.无人机搜索问题是一个相对复杂的多约束条件下的多目标优化问题.大多数搜索算法不能满足搜索过程中高效率和低功耗的要求.本文所采用的目标搜索方法是一种基于Agent路由和光传感器的解耦滚动时域方法.为了优化目标搜索方法的参数,本文提出一种基于Agent路由和光传感器的自适应变异多目标鸽群优化(AMMOPIO)算法.利用自适应飞行机制可以获得较好的鸽群分布,种群具有多样性和收敛性.利用变异机制简化了鸽群优化算法中的模型,提高了搜索效率.实验仿真结果验证了所提出的AMMOPIO算法在目标搜索问题中的可行性和有效性.     

基于自适应变异的多目标鸽群优化的无人机目标搜索（英文）

无人机在搜索任务中起着关键的作用,它能够在复杂环境中寻找到目标.无人机搜索问题是一个相对复杂的多约束条件下的多目标优化问题.大多数搜索算法不能满足搜索过程中高效率和低功耗的要求.本文所采用的目标搜索方法是一种基于Agent路由和光传感器的解耦滚动时域方法.为了优化目标搜索方法的参数,本文提出一种基于Agent路由和光传感器的自适应变异多目标鸽群优化(AMMOPIO)算法.利用自适应飞行机制可以获得较好的鸽群分布,种群具有多样性和收敛性.利用变异机制简化了鸽群优化算法中的模型,提高了搜索效率.实验仿真结果验证了所提出的AMMOPIO算法在目标搜索问题中的可行性和有效性.     

基于语义的协同模型研究

大规模并行与分布式系统的出现开拓了软件技术的应用前景,要开发大规模并行与分布式系统的全部潜能,必须要处理系统中大量并发的活动体的协同过程。以Linda为代表的基于共享数据空间的协同模型和协同语言具有时间解耦、空间解耦和引用解耦的特点,为大规模并行与分布式系统的设计与发展提供了一种新方法。该文以多Agent系统为应用背景,研究有关Agent协同模型的问题,解决了现在大多数协同模型中缺乏语义信息的问题。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。