织物防缩防皱整理剂N—羟甲基酰胺化合物应用现状与前景

一、概述织物树脂防缩防皱整理是随着高分子化学的发展而发展起来的新型染整工艺。应用树脂对织物进行防皱整理的真正发展还是在二战以后。树脂防缩防皱整理开始于棉织物,而后又转向粘胶纤维织物,后来才广泛用于多种织物。     

无甲醛抗皱整理剂的研究与应用

分别用戊二醛-水解淀粉-柠檬酸和乙二醛-水解淀粉-柠檬酸两种方法对织物进行防皱整理。研究了柠檬酸-水解淀粉与乙二醛（或戊二醛）以不同摩尔分数比,及不同的焙烘温度、焙烘时间,催化剂[MgCl2]浓度对棉织物整理效果的影响。并对两种整理方法的防皱效果进行比较。结果显示：与2D树脂、乙二醛-水解淀粉-柠檬酸相比,戊二醛-水解淀粉-柠檬酸处理棉织物的折皱回复角有较大提高,强度也有所提高,是比较理想的防皱整理方法。     

EFR-3超低甲醛树脂对棉织物的防皱整理工艺研究

以EFR-3超低甲醛树脂为整理剂,通过测定整理后棉织物的折皱回复角、断裂强力、撕破强力,对影响防皱效果的各因素进行实验和分析,得出防皱最佳整理工艺为:EFR-3超低甲醛树脂的用量为120 g/L,催化剂MgCl2的用量为18g/L,柔软剂有机硅的用量为30 g/L,渗透剂JFC的用量为1 g/L,pH值为3.4～4.4,85℃预烘4分钟,155℃焙烘5分钟.EFR-3超低甲醛树脂对棉织物的防皱整理工艺具有环保和织物强力损伤小的特点.     

智能调温面料的交联沉积工艺

在选用2D树脂作为交联剂对涤-棉织物的交联工艺进行研究和分析时,由于质量增加率对织物热活性影响较大,且2D树脂会使织物强力下降,因此以织物的质量增加率和强度下降率作为评价指标,采用单因素分析法对2D树脂用量、催化剂Mg Cl_2·6H_2O与柠檬酸摩尔比、烘焙温度、烘焙时间进行分析,通过正交试验分析法确定涤/棉织物的最佳交联工艺为:2D树脂30 g/L,Mg Cl_2·6H_2O与柠檬酸(10 g/L)摩尔比6∶1,烘焙温度140℃,烘焙时间165 s,浴比1∶20。     

尿素—甲醛树脂（UF）的合成

尿素—甲醛树脂（ＵＦ）的合成董研（沈阳化工集团研究所１１００２６）１前言尿素—甲醛树脂又称脲醛树脂，简称ＵＦ。低分子的脲醛树脂用作棉织物防缩防皱树脂整理剂，特别是人造棉织物的整理，不仅可获得优良的防缩防皱性，还能增加色织物的染色牢度。２合成机理尿素和...     

无醛防皱整理剂的研究进展

传统的防皱整理的发展历程及面临的新问题，阐述了多元羧酸类防皱整理剂作为棉织物理想的无甲醛防皱整理剂的防皱机理及性能，但由于它存在价格贵、织物泛黄色变、耐洗牢度差、含磷催化剂污染环境等问题，需要有效解决。最后，指出了无醛防皱整理今后的发展方向。     

有机硅CGF用于牛津纺PP整理工艺探讨

一、概述用合成树脂对纤维素纤维织物进行防缩防皱整理已有很长的历史,既减少了织物的缩水率,同时还增进了织物的弹性,使织物不易折皱。在棉织物中,应用合成树脂作为印染后整理剂日益增多;作为树脂整理的交联剂,只要具有两个或两个以上含氢原子的反应基团的化合     

超疏水防紫外双功能水性织物涂层的制备及性能研究

利用乳液缩聚法制备芯材为氟硅烷（ FAS13）壁材接枝紫外吸收剂的二氧化硅微胶囊,将其与有机硅树脂乳液共混,涂覆于棉织物表面形成超疏水防紫外织物涂层。通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察微胶囊的形态和粒径,并对涂层的水接触角和防紫外性能进行了测试,同时测试了涂层的耐老化、耐磨损、耐高温以及耐酸碱性。结果表明：织物涂层中微胶囊最佳含量为 45%（其中内含 6%紫外吸收剂）,由此制备的涂层表面水接触角可达到 150°以上,并且具有较好的耐老化、耐高温、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐磨损等性能;同时该织物涂层具有优异的防紫外性,紫外线防护系数（UPF）可以达到 111.2。     

纳米陶瓷粉抗菌性能应用研究

较详细地介绍了利用纳米陶瓷粉作为抗菌剂,对纯棉织物进行抗菌整理后织物的抗菌性能。     

壳聚糖/明胶抗菌微胶囊的制备及其应用

为了制备用于棉织物天然抗菌整理剂，以绿苋、龙葵和黄柏的复配提取物为芯材，壳聚糖-明胶为壁材，采用复凝聚法制备抗菌微胶囊。研究了乳化剂含量、剪切速度、pH对微胶囊的外观形态及尺寸的影响；借助扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪等对样品进行表征；将抗菌微胶囊用于棉织物的整理并测试其抗菌性能。结果表明：初乳中乳化剂质量分数为5%、剪切速度为8000r/min、pH为5.7为最佳制备条件，制得的微胶囊尺寸分布在1480～3580nm且热稳定性良好；当微胶囊质量浓度为25g/L，黏合剂质量分数为5%，热烘温度为40℃，整理试样对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率分别为89.30%和81.43%，且抑菌效果持久。     

Surface treatment of cotton fabrics with chitosan

Antibacterial activities of cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics treated with chitosan or chitosan/DMDHEU have been investigated. The washing durability properties of the aforementioned fabrics were also studied. Another group of fabric samples produced from mature and immature cotton fibres were dyed with reactive dyes and the colour yields and colour differences of the dyed fabrics assessed. The surfaces of the treated and untreated cotton fabrics were observed by scanning electron microscopy to compare the morphology.     

The study of colour fastness of commercial microencapsulated photoresponsive dye applied on cotton,cotton/polyester and polyester fabric using a pad‐dry‐cure process

Commercial microencapsulated photoresponsive dye was applied on cotton, polyester/cotton and polyester fabric using a pad‐dry‐cure process. Colour fastness of the photoresponsive fabrics to washing, wet cleaning, dry cleaning, rubbing and light was investigated. The CIELAB colour values of the fabrics before and after testing were measured using a reflectance spectrophotometer, and the colour differences were calculated to evaluate the fastness properties. The fabrics had better colour fastness to wet cleaning and washing than to dry cleaning. The fabrics showed higher colour fastness to wet than to dry rubbing. The photoresponsiveness of the fabrics decreased with prolonged exposure time to artificial light due to low photostability of the microcapsules.     

Fabricating durable,fluoride‐free,water repellency cotton fabrics with CPDMS

The demand for fluoride‐free and durable hydrophobic cotton fabric is dramatically increasing due to environmental and human safety concerns. The current approach to produce water repellent cotton fabrics is applying fluorocarbon compounds in topical treatments. However, the fluorocarbons employed in the water repellent treatments on cotton fabrics have environmental concerns and environmentally friendly technologies are desperately sought. Herein, we report a new approach of fabricating water repellent cotton fabrics with proper washing durability by using poly{dimethylsiloxane‐co‐[2‐(3,4‐epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl]methylsiloxane} (CPDMS) as a hydrophobic agent. Benefiting from formation of robust ether bonds between CPDMS and celluloses, the cotton fabrics could gain promising durability for daily laundry. The resultant cotton fabrics demonstrated simultaneously desired waterproofness (hydrostatic pressure up to 22 mbar), durability (hydrostatic pressure stabled at 12 mbar after five laundry cycles), and breathability. Moreover, the CPDMS modified cotton fabrics also exhibited robust physical property with tensile strength retention up to 73%. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46396.     

Antimicrobial activity of cotton fabrics treated with curcumin

Curcumin, a yellow pigment known to have various biological activities, was applied onto cotton as an antimicrobial agent. Curcumin could provide both color and antimicrobial activity to cotton and can be dyed using a batch or continuous process. However, curcumin and cotton have low affinity and therefore the ability of curcumin to impart durable antimicrobial activity on cotton needs to be studied. In this research, the ability of curcumin dyed onto cotton fabrics to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied. Relationships that can predict the rate of inhibition based on the curcumin concentration or shade depth (K/S values) were developed without the need for an antimicrobial test. Durability of antimicrobial activity to laundering and to light was also studied. Curcumin was more effective in inhibiting S. aureus than E. coli. The reduction of bacteria and durability of antimicrobial activity of curcumin to laundering was inferior on cotton fabrics compared with wool. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Durable antimicrobial treatment of cotton fabrics using N‐(2‐hydroxy)propyl‐3‐trimethylammonium chitosan chloride and polycarboxylic acids

N‐(2‐hydroxy)propyl‐3‐trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), a water‐soluble chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative, was used as an antimicrobial agent for cotton fabrics. HTCC has a lower minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli compared to that of chitosan; however, the imparted antimicrobial activity is lost on laundering. Thus crosslinking agents were utilized to obtain a durable antimicrobial treatment by immobilizing HTCC. Several crosslinkers such as dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU), butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), and citric acid (CA) were used with HTCC to improve the laundering durability of HTCC treatment by covalent bond formation between the crosslinker, HTCC and cellulose. The polycarboxylic acid treatment was superior to the DMDHEU treatment in terms of prolonged antimicrobial activity of the treated cotton after successive laundering. Also, the cotton treated with HTCC and BTCA showed improved durable press properties without excessive deterioration in mechanical strength or whiteness when compared to the citric acid treatment. With the addition of only 0.1% HTCC to BTCA solutions, the treated fabrics showed durable antimicrobial activity up to 20 laundering cycles. The wrinkle recovery angle and strength retention of the treated fabrics were not adversely affected with the addition of HTCC. Therefore, BTCA can be used with HTCC in one bath to impart durability of antimicrobial activity along with durable press properties to cotton fabric. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1567–1572, 2003     

Photochromic properties of color‐matching,double‐shelled microcapsules covalently bonded onto cotton fabric and applications to outdoor clothing

In this research, we aimed to apply color‐matching, double‐shelled microcapsules to deal with outdoor‐clothing sunscreen‐indicator identifications on cotton fabrics with a covalent‐bonding coating method; this method allows one to display both the UV intensity and a warning. The color‐property characteristics of color‐matching‐double‐shelled‐photochromic‐microcapsule–treated patterns on cotton fabrics under various sunshine irradiation intensities are very close to those of inkjet‐printing color‐gradation patterns, which indicate sunshine irradiation intensities. Color‐matching, double‐shelled microcapsules were obtained by the addition of red double‐shelled microcapsules into yellow double‐shelled microcapsules. We increased the weight ratio of the red microcapsules and added blue double‐shelled microcapsules into the red double‐shelled microcapsules when the weight ratio of blue microcapsules was increased. Color‐matching, double‐shelled photochromic microcapsules, whose yellow/red/blue weight ratios were 5.6/0/0, 4.8/0.8/0, 2.4/3.2/0, and 0.8/4.8/0–0/0/5.6, presented distinct color‐property characteristic changes under various irradiation intensities and presented a good color identification; a rather dark, bright color; and good laundering durability of covalent bonding on cotton fabrics. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44698.     

Preparation of water-repellent cotton fabrics from fluorinated diblock copolymers and evaluation of their durability

Two fluorinated diblock copolymers were prepared, characterized, and used to coat cotton fabrics. These copolymers included poly[2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl acrylate]-block-poly[(triisopropyloxysilyl)propyl methacrylate] (PFHEA-b-PIPSMA) and poly[2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl acrylate]-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PFHEA-b-PGMA). The PFHEA block provided the coatings with a low surface tension to help impart water-repellency, while the PIPSMA or PGMA blocks (bearing alkoxysilane or epoxide groups, respectively) allowed the anchoring of the copolymers onto the cotton fibers. A simple coating procedure was used to yield water-repellent cotton fabrics. Water contact angles were measured to evaluate the durability of the treated cotton fabrics after they had been subjected to extraction, washing and laundry tests. These results revealed that cotton fabrics coated with PFHEA-b-PIPSMA were rendered hydrophobic, but their stability was relatively poor. Meanwhile, cotton fabrics coated with PFHEA-b-PGMA exhibited water contact angles higher than 150° and retained their water-repellency even under harsh test conditions.     

Resistance variation of conductive ink applied by the screen printing technique on different substrates

This research study focuses on the application of conductive ink by the screen printing technique to evaluate the potential of creating printed electrodes and to investigate the effect of washing upon electrical resistance and flexibility. Two conductive inks were applied by a conventional screen printing method on four different textile substrates, 100% cotton, 50%/50% cotton/polyester, 100% polyester and 100% polyamide. The inks were also applied on a multifibre fabric. Atmospheric plasma treatment was applied to improve the adhesion to the samples, and the resistance values were compared with those of non‐treated samples. The values were measured before and after cleaning and washing tests, which were performed to simulate domestic treatment for garments to predict the behaviour of the inks after normal usage of the fabrics. Comfort properties like stiffness of the fabrics were also evaluated after five and 10 washing cycles. It was observed that PE 825 ink forms a thicker film on the fabric surface, contributing to the loss of flexibility of the textile. However, PE 825 ink also produced the best results in terms of durability and lower values of resistance. Polyamide fabrics lost their conductive property after five washing cycles due to weak bonding between the ink and the fibres, whereas cotton fibres provided the best results.     

Pigment color printing on cotton and polyester fabrics with electron beam irradiation curable formulations

Accelerated electrons delivered by electron beam accelerator were used to fix pigment colors, incorporated in curable formulation containing diluting monomer and an oligomer, to cotton and polyester fabrics. Tetrahydrofurfurfryl acrylate monomer and trifunctional urethane‐methacrylate (TFUMA) oligomer were used as curable base besides ethylene glycol. The fabrics were printed with these formulations and exposed to various doses of electron beam irradiation generated from the 1.5 MeV (25 kW) electron beam accelerator machine. The irradiation dose, formulation composition, and pigment color concentration were studied. The roughness and color fastness to rubbing, washing, and perspiration of the printed fabrics by electron beam irradiation, were compared to the same fabrics printed by conventional pigment printing pastes. The results showed that cotton and polyester fabrics printed with the pigment colors by electron beam irradiation displayed higher color strength than those fabrics printed by the conventional thermal curing at equal pigment color ratios depending on the kind of pigment color. The durability properties, in term of roughness, rubbing, washing, and perspiration of fabrics printed by electron beam irradiation are better than those printed by conventional thermal curing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Antimicrobial finishing of wool fabrics with quaternary aminopyridinium salts

Quaternary aminopyridinium salts were employed in antimicrobial finishing wool fabrics. The effects of alkyl chain length in the salts, pH conditions of finishing baths, finishing time and temperature, and salt concentrations were investigated. The incorporated quaternary aminopyridinium salt molecules on wool were characterized by FTIR. The quaternary ammonium salt could form ionic interactions with anionic groups on wool, which contribute to the durable antimicrobial functions. All the finished wool fabrics exhibited antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli. The washing durability of antimicrobial functions on the finished wool fabrics was also studied. ©2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 482–486, 2007