整体煤气化联合循环电站的模拟和经济性分析

用GTPRO软件模拟了整体煤气化联合循环（IGCC）和燃气轮机联合循环（GTCC）电站,并进行经济性分析.分析内容包括煤价、电价和贷款利率对IGCC电站经济性的影响;IGCC电站和GTCC电站的经济性对比,特别是对天然气价格在其中的影响进行了分析,得出了一些有重要参考价值的定量结果.     

分体式燃气轮机的变工况性能分析

采用商业软件Thermoflex对分体式燃气轮机进行模拟,建立了系统的性能分析模型,分析指出压气机转速、透平转速和燃气初温是影响系统变工况性能的主要因素,并对转速和燃气初温变化时系统的输出性能进行了计算分析.通过和共轴燃机的比较分析,得出了分体式燃气轮机的性能潜力.     

燃气-蒸汽联合循环的低热值燃料热经济性分析

由于低热值气体燃料中含有大量惰性气体,可燃成分少,发热量低,燃料的体积流量大,因而在燃用低热值气体燃料时,燃气-蒸汽联合循环的特性也发生了变化.分析了压缩比、燃气初温、不同燃料成分对联合循环发电装置热效率的影响;阐述了不同燃料成分时压缩燃料耗功的变化,以及对燃气-蒸汽联合循环装置热效率的影响.对比分析了燃气-蒸汽联合循环与蒸汽循环装置的经济性.     

燃气—蒸汽联合循环

燃气—蒸汽联合循环为了提高热机循环效率，必须提高高温源的温度Ｔ＿１和降低低温源的温度Ｔ＿２。目前对于燃气轮机来说，其燃气的初温也在不断得到提高，例如，美国Ｇ．Ｅ．公司研制的ＬＭ—５０００型燃气轮机，初温已达１３７０℃，但是燃气轮机的排烟温度一般都在４...     

燃气初温对燃气轮机[火用]损失的影响分析

基于热力学第二定律,对燃气轮机实际简单循环推导出了燃气轮机各部件[火用]损失的计算公式。通过对某型燃气轮机的定量计算,得出了燃气轮机在不同燃气初温下的[火用]损失。结果表明,燃气初温对燃气轮机的[火用]损失有较大的影响。     

不同的燃气轮机调控方案对燃气—蒸汽联合循环电站性能的影响

以某燃气－蒸汽联合循环电站的主要配置 基础,计算并分析比较了在改变燃料 量和调节压气机可转导叶等不同调控方案对燃气－蒸联合循环各3个组成部分及总体性能的影响,从而为燃气－蒸汽联合循环电站合理选择燃气轮机调控方案提供有意义的参考。     

第三讲 燃气蒸汽联合循环与双流体循环

近25年来,燃气轮机在世界各国的工业领域己获得了相当广泛的应用.随着燃气轮机燃气初温的提高和机组功率的增大,如何合理地利用其排气余热,以进一步增高机组的功率,改善其热功转换效率或热利用率,则是世人共同关注的课题.燃气蒸汽联合循环以及目前正在开发中的双流体循环——燃气轮机回注蒸汽的程氏循环和在燃气轮机的压气机出口喷水蒸发的回热循环,正是这种技术发展的代表,前者已经发展成熟,取得了巨大的经济效益,后两者正在加紧研究之中,而程氏循环已有应用实例和正式产品.本文将对燃气蒸汽联合循环与双流体循环的特性及其发展现状,作比较详细的介绍,供读者分析参考.     

新一代联合循环装置

多年来西门子燃气蒸汽联合循环（以下简称联合循环）电站在国际市场获得很大成功。随着采用３Ａ－－燃气轮机系列，有可能使联合循环装置达到更高的效率。本文专门探讨新一代单轴联合循环方案的特殊性能及优点。     

日本东京电力公司建成具有蒸汽-燃气联合循环装置的容量为2000MW的电站

1986年,东京电力公司建成了具有蒸汽-燃气联合装置的总容量2000MW的富津火电站。该电站是世界上具有联合装置的容量最大的电站。燃用液化天然气,它对周围环境的有害影响在所有火电站中为最小。电站热经济性达48％。全负荷和部分负荷时都能实现这样高的效率。该电站由两组GE公司的蒸汽-燃气轮机装置组成,每组包括总功率1000MW的7台STAG109E型蒸汽-燃气轮机装置。采用双压蒸汽循环,由压气机可调     

LNG冷能在燃气蒸汽联合循环机组中的利用

对于使用液化天然气(LNG)为燃料的燃气轮机电站,LNG在气化过程中会释放大量的冷能,若能合理利用这部分冷能,实现电厂的热电冷联供,不仅可实现资源的循环利用并能提高燃气蒸汽联合循环发电机组的技术经济性。     

燃气轮机在热电联产工程中的应用状况分析

燃气轮机是21世纪乃至更长时间内能源高效转换与洁净利用系统的核心动力装备.介绍了燃气轮机的发展现状及其在热电联产工程中的应用,简述了联合循环和简单循环燃气轮机电厂的基本组合方式,并列举了目前应用在热电联产工程中的几种主要的燃气轮机.阐述了燃气轮机相对于常规火电机组的优点,分析了影响燃气轮机在热电联产工程中推广的因素,并对我国燃气轮机的发展前景进行了展望.     

Gas-turbine performance improvements

The use of gas turbines is increasing for producing electricity, operating airplanes and for various industrial applications. In the last three decades, improvements in gas turbines have shown their success in increasing the amount of energy output from power stations. This is because of advances in metallurgical science and especially the materials used in gas turbines, so that it is possible nowadays to have a very efficient gas turbine with longer working life. This study has concentrated on the improvements of parameters concerned with the performances of gas turbines [i.e. net work output, thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption (SFC), turbine and compressor efficiencies, compressor's inlet temperature and turbine's inlet temperature]. The data were taken for the Rehab power station in Jordan. The results showed that the plant improvements undertaken involve the study of a wide range of different parameters affecting the performance of the turbine, the most important of which are those which increase the plant's efficiency and decrease the energy cost.     

9000kW燃气轮机_汽轮机联合循环发电装置技术经济分析

以我国自行研制的9000kW燃气轮机为对象,详细分析了9000kW燃气一蒸汽联合循环的现实性和优越性,为我国自行研制的燃气轮机进一步开发联合循环电站找到了可行的途径。     

Comparison of evaporative inlet air cooling systems to enhance the gas turbine generated power

The gas turbine performance is highly sensitive to the compressor inlet temperature. The output of gas turbine falls to a value that is less than the rated output under high temperature conditions. In fact increase in inlet air temperature by 1°C will decrease the output power by 0.7% approximately. The solution of this problem is very important because the peak demand season also happens in the summer. One of the convenient methods of inlet air cooling is evaporating cooling which is appropriate for warm and dry weather. As most of the gas turbines in Iran are installed in such ambient conditions regions, therefore this method can be used to enhance the performance of the gas turbines. In this paper, an overview of technical and economic comparison of media system and fog system is given. The performance test results show that the mean output power of Frame‐9 gas turbines is increased by 11 MW (14.5%) by the application of media cooling system in Fars power plant and 8.1 MW (8.9%) and 9.5 MW (11%) by the application of fog cooling system in Ghom and Shahid Rajaie power plants, respectively. The total enhanced power generation in the summer of 2004 was 2970, 1701 and 1340 MWh for the Fars, Ghom and Shahid Rajaie power plants, respectively. The economical studies show that the payback periods are estimated to be around 2 and 3 years for fog and media systems, respectively. This study has shown that both methods are suitable for the dry and hot areas for gas turbine power augmentation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of gas turbine operating parameters with inlet fogging and wet compression processes

Inlet fogging has been widely noticed in recent years as a method of gas turbine air inlet cooling for increasing the power output in gas turbines and combined cycle power plants. The effects of evaporative cooling on gas turbine performance were studied in this paper. Evaporative cooling process occurs in both compressor inlet duct (inlet fogging) and inside the compressor (wet compression). By predicting the reduction in compressor discharge air temperature, the modeling results were compared with the corresponding results reported in literature and an acceptable difference percent point was found in this comparison. Then, the effects of both evaporative cooling in inlet duct, and wet compression in compressor, on the power output, turbine exhaust temperature, and cycle efficiency of 16 models of gas turbines categorized in four A–D classes of power output, were investigated. The results of this analysis for saturated inlet fogging as well as 1% and 2% overspray are reported and the prediction equations for the amount of actual increased net power output of various gas turbine nominal power output are proposed. Furthermore the change in values of physical parameters and moving the compressor operating point towards the surge line in compressor map was investigated in inlet fogging and wet compression processes.     

多燃机电厂的负荷分配优化

燃机电厂基本都要承担电力调峰任务。对于多台燃机并存的电厂，电力负荷在机组间的分配合理与否直接关系到电厂运行的经济性。本文采用简单解析分析和实际案例测算相结合的方法．研究了多燃机电厂的负荷分配优化问题．重点讨论了两套PG9171E型或PG9351FA型燃气轮机单循环。或两套S109E或S109FA联合循环发电系统。结果表明。当各单机负荷可大于一定值时．机组间平均分配负荷．则电厂的热经济性最佳；否则．非均匀分配负荷．总热效率较优。这一定值与燃机部分负荷特性密切相关。本文的结果对指导多燃机电厂的实际运行具有参考价值。     

Coal gasification—combined cycles for electricity production

This introductory review summarizes a series of specific areas of technology which must contribute to the development of a coal gasification-combined cycle power plant. The optional combinations of the gas and steam turbines are each seen to pose different technical problems. The paramount importance of the development of a high temperature (> 1200°C) turbine inlet temperature and the subsidiary role of high temperature gas cleaning and water requirements are discussed; the prospective reliability of gasifier/boiler couplings are largely unknown.

The cost of electricity from the combined-cycle process has been shown to be most attractive in regions of high cost coal. It is considered likely that combined cycle power production will be implemented where conditions of high coal cost, low water availability and strict emission regulations coexist.

The commentary is framed in the perspective of Canadian coal resources, however most comments apply to all coal gasification combined cycle power plants and examples are drawn from all sources.     

Energy and exergy analyses of a CFB‐based indirectly fired combined cycle power generation system

Combined cycle configuration has the ability to use the waste heat from the gas turbine exhaust gas using the heat recovery steam generator for the bottoming steam cycle. In the current study, a natural gas‐fired combined cycle with indirectly fired heating for additional work output is investigated for configurations with and without reheat combustor (RHC) in the gas turbine. The mass flow rate of coal for the indirect‐firing mode in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustor is estimated based on fixed natural gas input for the gas turbine combustion chamber (GTCC). The effects of pressure ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature, inlet temperatures to the air compressor and to the GTCC on the overall cycle performance of the combined cycle configuration are analysed. The combined cycle efficiency increases with pressure ratio up to the optimum value. Both efficiency and net work output for the combined cycle increase with gas turbine inlet temperature. The efficiency decreases with increase in the air compressor inlet temperature. The indirect firing of coal shows reduced use with increase in the turbine inlet temperature due to increase in the use of natural gas. There is little variation in the efficiency with increase in GTCC inlet temperature resulting in increased use of coal. The combined cycle having the two‐stage gas turbine with RHC has significantly higher efficiency and net work output compared with the cycle without RHC. The exergetic efficiency also increases with increase in the gas turbine inlet temperature. The exergy destruction is highest for the CFB combustor followed by the GTCC. The analyses show that the indirectly fired mode of the combined cycle offers better performance and opportunities for additional net work output by using solid fuels (coal in this case). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of parameters affecting the performance of gas turbines and combined cycle plants with vapor absorption inlet air cooling

The integration of an aqua‐ammonia inlet air‐cooling scheme to a cooled gas turbine‐based combined cycle has been analyzed. The heat energy of the exhaust gas prior to the exit of the heat recovery steam generator has been chosen to power the inlet air‐cooling system. Dual pressure reheat heat recovery steam generator is chosen as the combined cycle configuration. Air film cooling has been adopted as the cooling technique for gas turbine blades. A parametric study of the effect of compressor–pressure ratio, compressor inlet temperature, turbine inlet temperature, ambient relative humidity, and ambient temperature on performance parameters of plants has been carried out. It has been observed that vapor absorption inlet air cooling improves the efficiency of gas turbine by upto 7.48% and specific work by more than 18%, respectively. However, on the adoption of this scheme for combined cycles, the plant efficiency has been observed to be adversely affected, although the addition of absorption inlet air cooling results in an increase in plant output by more than 7%. The optimum value of compressor inlet temperature for maximum specific work output has been observed to be 25 °C for the chosen set of conditions. Further reduction of compressor inlet temperature below this optimum value has been observed to adversely affect plant efficiency. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Solar gas turbine systems: Design, cost and perspectives

The combination of high solar shares with high conversion efficiencies is one of the major advantages of solar gas turbine systems compared to other solar-fossil hybrid power plants. Pressurized air receivers are used in solar tower plants to heat the compressed air in the gas turbine to temperatures up to 1000 °C. Therefore solar shares in the design case of 40% up to 90% can be realized and annual solar shares up to 30% can be achieved in base load. Using modern gas turbine systems in recuperation or combined cycle mode leads to conversion efficiencies of the solar heat from around 40% up to more than 50%. This is an important step towards cost reduction of solar thermal power. Together with the advantages of hybrid power plants—variable solar share, fully dispatchable power, 24 h operation without storage—solar gas turbine systems are expected to have a high potential for market introduction in the mid term view.In this paper the design and performance assessment of several prototype plants in the power levels of 1 MW, 5 MW and 15 MW are presented. Advanced software tools are used for design optimization and performance prediction of the solar tower gas turbine power plants. Detailed cost assumptions for the solarized gas turbine, the solar tower plant and further equipment as well as for operation and maintenance are presented. Intensive performance and economic analysis of the prototype plants for different locations and capacity factors are shown. The cost reduction potential through automation and remote operation is revealed.