碳钢热浸扩散渗铝工艺及高温氧化性能的研究

以Q235较理想的热浸镀铝工艺参数为基础,通过二元正交回归试验方法,研究得出较理想的高温扩散渗铝工艺参数,即扩散温度950 ℃,时间6 h.最优工艺参数下表面铝层和扩散铝层的共同厚度为32.8 μm,铁铝化合物的平均厚度为16.8 μm.同时对热浸扩散渗铝试样进行了900 ℃×100 h高温氧化研究,结果表明,采用最优化工艺参数扩散渗铝,所得扩散渗层分布均匀,抗高温氧化性能显著提高.     

热浸渗铝 X70 管线钢扩渗工艺研究

采用二次正交回归试验方法,研究了X70管线钢热扩渗铝保温温度、扩渗时间与渗铝层厚度的关系,建立了渗层回归方程,得到X70管线钢最优的热扩渗铝工艺参数。观察了X70管线钢热浸渗铝处理后的表面、界面微观形貌,分析了Fe和Al的含量沿渗层的变化情况,并对热浸渗铝过程中的元素扩散机理进行了探讨。结果表明:渗铝层厚度随保温温度的升高和扩渗时间的延长而增大,适宜的保温温度为950℃,扩渗时间为6 h。     

热扩渗铝工艺对碳钢表面渗铝层组织及性能的影响

采用二次正交同归试验方法,研究了碳钢的热扩渗铝温度、时间与铁铝金属间化合物层厚度的关系,得到最优的热扩渗铝工艺参数,并对热扩渗铝前后的试样浸铝层组织形貌与性能进行了分析.结果表明:理想的扩渗铝温度为950℃,保温时间为6 h.经扩渗铝处理后的试样表面获得了一定厚度的铁铝金属间化合物扩渗层,其硬度及高温抗氧化性能均优于未进行扩渗处理的试样.     

机械能辅助渗铝工艺及渗铝层性能研究

机械能辅助渗铝是将机械能与热能相结合一种新渗铝工艺,可以将渗铝温度降低到560～650 ℃.本文通过实验对机械能辅助渗铝工艺进行了研究,对主要工艺参数进行了优化,获得了组织致密、渗层厚度≥60 μm、以Fe2Al5相为主要组成相的渗铝层,并研究了渗铝钢的抗高温氧化性能及机械性能.     

机械能助渗铝工艺与渗层性能研究

研究了机械能助渗铝的温度、时间和活性剂含量对渗铝层形貌、厚度、结构、硬度和耐蚀性等性能的影响,并与传统的粉末渗铝进行了比较。试验结果表明,机械能助渗铝层表面呈颗粒状,渗铝层由Fe2Al5相和少量的Fe3Al相组成,硬度达988 HV。在400~700℃、2~4 h的范围内机械能助渗铝,渗层厚度随渗铝温度的升高和渗铝时间的延长而明显增大。渗铝层的耐蚀性随渗铝温度的升高而提高,但随渗铝时间的延长呈现出先提高后降低的趋势,由600℃、3 h工艺获得的渗铝层的耐蚀性最好。采用机械能助渗铝工艺,尤其是较低温度（450~650℃）和较短时间（2.5~4.5 h）获得的渗层的厚度明显大于传统的粉末渗铝层。     

基于Al-fine法的镶嵌圈渗铝质量影响因素分析

在铝合金活塞中镶嵌奥氏体铸铁圈是强化活塞环槽最好方法之一,能较大幅度地提高活塞使用寿命,但也给活塞制造增加了难度。从渗铝工艺着手,围绕如何增强铁铝间结合强度出发,就渗铝液的成分、铸铁耐磨圈表面质量、渗铝温度、渗铝时间以及操作工艺和方法等多方面进行分析试验研究,得到了比较合理的渗铝工艺参数,提高了渗铝质量,增强了铁铝间的结合强度,使活塞使用寿命较大幅度地延长。     

电加热渗铝的研究

本试验将表面涂有渗剂的碳钢试样，用感应加热的方法，进行膏剂渗铝的研究，试验材料选用20钢和45钢，试样经正火处理，尺寸为Φ20mm×10mm，将配制好的含有渗铝剂、活化剂、填充剂及粘结剂的渗剂涂复在试样表面，经烘干处理，进行不同工艺参数的感应加热渗铝工艺研究，对渗铝层的金相组织、成分、结构特点、渗入机理及各种影响感应加热渗铝的因素进行了分析，并计算了此工艺条件下铝的扩散系数。     

钢表面粉末包埋渗铝的表面状态及元素扩散机理研究进展

钢铁作为基础性结构材料,应用在国民经济的各个领域。由于钢材在工程应用中会发生氧化、腐蚀,采用粉末包埋渗铝对钢材进行表面改性可提高其抗氧化性能和腐蚀性能。目前为止,关于渗铝工艺参数对渗层微观组织、表面状态和元素扩散机理的研究,比较零散,缺乏系统总结。综述渗铝工艺参数对粉末包埋渗铝钢的微观组织、表面状态及其性能的影响,分析渗铝工艺参数与渗层微观组织的关联;概括渗铝工艺参数对Fe-Al元素扩散系数和扩散激活能的影响规律,分析Fe-Al元素扩散机制;总结渗铝层预测模型,对粉末包埋渗铝钢的研究趋势进行展望。     

电加热渗铝的研究

本试验将表面涂有渗荆的碳钢试样，用感直应加热的方法．进行膏剂渗铝的研究．试验材料选用20钢和45钢，试样经正火处理，尺寸为Ф20mmХ10mm．将配制好的含有渗铝剂、活化荆、填充剂及钻结剂的渗剂涂复在试样表面．经烘干处理．进行不同工艺参数的感应加热渗铝工艺研究，对渗渗铝的金相组织、成分．结构特点、渗入机理及备忡影响感应加热渗铝的因素进行了分析．并计算了此工艺条件下铝的扩散系数。     

纯铜催渗渗铝及其内氧化研究

提出了用稀土合金CeCl3对纯铜渗铝进行催渗，研究了工艺参数对渗层厚度和质量的影响；采用工业N2中的余氧作为内氧化介质对纯铜渗铝后的试样进行内氧化，研究了内氧化层的硬度分布，显微组织及有关性能。实验表明：用CeCl3催渗的纯铜渗铝试样渗层厚度远高于同等工艺参数下未催渗的纯铜渗铝试样；内氧化后，能在渗铝层形成Al2O3弥散硬化层。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.