低B2O3掺杂Bi—CVG铁氧体的结构与性能

采用传统固相反应法制备了Y1.05Bi0.75Ca1.2Fe4.4-xV0.6BxO12（Bx：Bi—CVG）系列铁氧体试样。借助XRD、SEM及MATS等技术手段研究了烧结助剂B20,对Bi—CVG铁氧体的体积密度、相组成、微观结构及磁性能的影响。研究结果表明,掺B可以有效降低Bi—CVG铁氧体的烧成温度,提高材料的烧结密度并且影响其微观结构和磁性能。在1040℃×6h条件下烧结、B掺杂量为x=0．025时,制备出综合性能良好的Bi—CVG铁氧体材料：室温时D=5．11g／cm^3,DR.T=97．2％,Bs=37．30mT,Br=25．54mT,Hc=0．87kA／m。     

两面顶低温超高压烧结纳米碳化硅的研究

采用两面顶低温超高压（LT-HP）技术在压力4．5GPa、温度（1250±50）℃、烧结时间20min的条件下烧结制备了纳米碳化硅（SiC）陶瓷，研究了烧结体的物相组成、化学成分、微观结构、显微硬度、纳米压痕力学性能等。结果表明，不添加烧结助剂且在较低温度下获得的SiC烧结体的相对密度高达98．4％，其显微硬度达到HV3520；纳米压痕测试硬度高达H31．74GPa、弹性模量E313GPa；烧结体的晶粒尺寸约为89nm，结构致密，无气孔。     

Sc2O3掺杂ZrO2电解质材料的水热合成及其电性能

采用水热法合成了SSZ(Sc2O3掺杂的ZrO2)纳米粉体,经成型、烧结得到电解质烧结体.对样品晶相组成、微观形貌、结构进行了表征,并对烧结体进行了电性能分析.研究表明:所得粉体于1500℃下烧结4 h可形成致密度达97%的立方萤石结构烧结体,比传统固相方法和Sol-gel法低200℃以上.随烧结温度升高和Sc2O3含量的增加,SSZ样品的电导率先增加后降低,经1500℃烧结的8mol%Sc2O3-ZrO2样品在900℃时电导率为0.23 S/cm,800℃为0.13 S/cm,优于采用固相法、共沉淀法、Sol-gel等方法制备的同类材料.     

Bi掺杂对Ni-Zn-Cu铁氧体的烧结与磁性能的影响

低温烧结软磁铁氧体是表面组装元件（ＳＭＤ）中的一类关键材料。本文对Ｂｉ掺杂的低温烧结Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ－Ｃｕ铁氧体从烧结性质、结构与相组成、显微形貌、磁结构和磁性质（磁导率、品质因数及频谱）方面进行了研究，在此基础上分析了Ｂｉ掺杂对材料形成过程和磁化机制的影响，发现Ｂｉ对材料磁性能的改进所起的作用主要产生于它对材料显微结构（晶粒、晶界和气孔）的调制。     

放电等离子烧结技术制备Fe78Si13B9块体非晶纳米晶磁性材料

通过高能球磨技术制备了Fe₇₈Si₁₃B₉磁性非晶合金粉体,采用XRD和DSC分析了Fe₇₈Si₁₃B₉非晶合金粉体的相组成、玻璃转变温度T_g、开始晶化温度 T_x 和晶化峰温度T_p;利用放电等离子烧结（SPS）技术在不同烧结温度下制备了块体磁性非晶纳米晶合金试样,利用XRD、SEM、Gleeble3500、VSM等分析了不同烧结温度下烧结块体试样的相转变特性、微观形貌、力学性能和磁学性能。结果表明,在500 MPa的烧结压力下,随着烧结温度的升高,烧结试样中的非晶相开始逐渐晶化,烧结试样的致密度、抗压强度、微观硬度、饱和磁化强度均显著提高;在500 MPa的烧结压力和823.15 K的烧结温度下,获得了密度为6.6 g/cm³,抗压强度为1500 MPa,饱和磁化强度为1.3864 T的非晶纳米晶磁性材料。     

磷掺杂钛酸钡陶瓷烧结过程及介电性能的研究

本文研究了掺杂微量元素磷对钛酸钡陶瓷烧结过程、结构及介电性能的影响。在湿化学法合成的高纯钛酸钡超细粉中，加入0．4atm％的二异丙基亚磷酸酯（P2O5的质量分数为0．14％），不加粘合剂直接压片成型，于1150－1350℃条件下无压烧结。用SEM，TMA，XRD及低频阻抗分析仪，测试样品的烧结性能、微观形貌、晶体结构和介电性能。结果表明：由于磷的加入，晶粒边界形成BaO-TiO2-P2O5三元系液相烧结，在较长的温度下即形成致密的陶瓷，1200℃保温2h的样品致密度达到理论密度的96％：1150～1200℃烧成的陶瓷，其室温介电常数高达6100－5500；居里温度随烧结温度的降低略有下降。因此，微量磷元素的掺杂有助于改善钛酸钡陶瓷的烧结过程和提高介电性能。     

过渡金属元素掺杂对Sm0.1Ce0.8Ca0.1O1.9电解质材料性能的影响

采用柠檬酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备了Sm0.1Ce0.79Ca0.1M0.01O1.9(M=Fe、Co、Ni)及未掺杂的Sm0.1Ce0.8-Ca0.1O1.9电解质粉体,将干压成型后的素坯于设定温度下烧结得到电解质陶瓷片,利用XRD和SEM分别对样品的物相和微观结构进行了表征,得到一些可以参考的研究结果。结果表明,经700℃热处理3h后的粉体以及1250℃高温煅烧的陶瓷体,均呈现单一的立方萤石相结构。SEM显示,过渡金属掺杂的3个样品素坯经过1250℃烧结5h后已经致密,阿基米德排水法测定其相对密度均在95%以上,表明Fe、Co、Ni的掺杂对改善SDC基电解质材料的烧结活性有明显的作用,Fe、Ni元素的添加对材料的电导率无明显影响。     

升温速率和烧结温度对纳米晶MnZn粉体直接制备功率铁氧体性能的影响

采用纳米晶粉体直接造粒压制成块材烧结的方法制备MnZn铁氧体,研究了不同的升温速率和烧结温度对样品微观结构、磁性能的影响。研究表明,与传统的制备方法相比,直接烧结纳米晶MnZn铁氧体粉体,可以降低烧结温度。采用低的升温速率有利于提高样品的密度和初始磁导率,降低比损耗因子,并且低温烧结可以形成良好的微观结构和磁性能。     

烧结温度对莫来石增强磷酸铬铝材料的制备与性能影响

以固相烧结莫来石为增强体,制备了莫来石增强磷酸铬铝基复合材料。研究了烧结温度对复合材料的微观结构和性能的影响。采用SEM、XRD、EDS等检测手段对复合材料的物相结构及断面的微观形貌进行分析,使用万能试验机测试其材料的抗折强度,并使用矢量网络分析仪分析材料的介电性能。结果表明,随着烧结温度的升高,复合材料中莫来石的晶粒依次增大,材料致密度、介电常数增加,抗弯强度增加,但过高的烧结温度下抗弯强度会降低。当烧结温度为1 500℃时,材料的抗弯强度为107 MPa,平均介电常数为3.57。     

不同成型方法对纳米Y-TZP陶瓷烧结性能的影响

用低温强碱法并掺入稳定剂Y2O3制成了纳米ZrO2（3Y）粉体，室温条件下用钢模和橡胶模具，在不同压力下把这些粉体进行成型压成素坯，然后在常压下于1000℃、1100℃、1200℃和1300℃四个温度中烧结。结果显示，由于橡胶模具成型的素坯受力均匀，烧结效果较钢模具优越，烧结的素坯体具有相对密度大、显微结构致密、气孔率低、显微硬度高的优点。采用400MPa橡胶等静压成型（RIP）方法，可在1300℃烧结出相对密度达到98％的优质纳米陶瓷。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.