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基于柔性长鳍波动推进的仿生水下机器人设计与实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以基于柔性长鳍波动推进的仿生水下机器人试验模型为背景,主要研究其设计与实现问题.首先,介绍了仿生水下机器人试验模型的设计原则及其系统总体结构,然后重点研究了仿生柔性长鳍、主控模块与通讯系统、运动控制子系统的设计方法、系统构成和工作原理,最后介绍了试验模型的系统测试与航行试验结果及其结论,并指出了仿生水下机器人试验模型的改进重点和柔性长鳍波动推进技术今后的研究方向.基于柔性长鳍波动推进的仿生水下机器人试验模型的研制成功,初步验证了柔性长鳍波动推进方式应用于水下机器人推进控制系统在原理上和技术上是可行的. 相似文献
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一种仿生水下机器人的设计与动力学分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
设计了一种基于波动长鳍推进的仿生水下机器人, 两侧长鳍对称安装于机器人本体两侧. 两侧长鳍分别由十个舵机驱动, 并按照余弦函数波动. 设计了实时控制器, 通过调整鳍条的振动频率和幅值达到控制长鳍运动的目的. 加速度信息和角速度信息由一个惯性测量单元采集. 为获取机器人游动性能与振动频率以及振动幅值之间的关系, 本文给出了长鳍波动运动的运动学分析和动力学分析. 本文通过将长鳍分割成若干小单元并单独计算作用于每个小单元上的作用力, 再计算所有小单元作用力在一个波动周期内的合力的方法, 获得了整个长鳍产生的平均推力. 通过前进游动和旋转游动实验, 验证了机构设计、运动学分析和动力学分析的有效性, 最后讨论了游动性能与波动参数之间的关系. 相似文献
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在鱼鳍的推进性能的研究中,鱼鳍波状运动产生推进力使鱼类具有很高的机动性,可以在复杂的水下环境中穿梭自如,可以实现精确的位置和姿态控制,且运动更具连续性和平稳性.针对上述问题,建立了鱼鳍摆动和波动的运动学方程,并借助于流体动力学软件比较分析了鱼鳍在没有前端扰动和加入前端扰动两种情况下的波动推进力和升力产生的机理,分析前后缘涡产生、脱泻、相互作用的过程,揭示前端周期性扰动对鱼鳍波动推进性能的影响及其规律.仿真结果显示:波动鳍对前端周期性扰动形成的尾迹反卡门涡街进行重新调制,可以从中获取能量用于提高自身波动推进性能.研究为研制高性能的多鱼鳍协调控制推进的仿鱼鳍推进器提供理论依据. 相似文献
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随着人类对自然的探索越来越深入,新型水下航行器的需求与日俱增,仿生机器人因其特殊的推进方式和高效的推进效率而受到越来越多的关注,而传统的仿生鱼类仅模拟了流线型外壳,少有提及仿生对象本身结构对于仿生性能的影响,本文提出了一种基于中央模式发生器(CPG)的类双髻鲨仿生机器人.以鱼类基本运动形态为基础,将鱼身抽象为关节连杆结构,建立了三关节四连杆的仿生机器鱼模型并进行了仿真计算.根据步态规律预估了其运动性能,随后通过实验验证了可行性.本仿生鱼旨在以简单的机械结构和较低的控制成本,实现对双髻鲨的最大限度模拟,得益于良好的仿生结构,中央模式发生器的引入,以及柔性硅胶材料在鱼身的应用,此机器人拥有体型小,控制简单,地形适应能力强,能量利用率高等特点,与传统水下推进器相比噪音更小,环境适应能力更强,在科研、农业等行业均具有广泛的应用前景,如野外勘测,水下救援,水域巡逻等. 相似文献
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形状记忆合金驱动仿生蝠鲼机器鱼的设计 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了一种采用鳐科模式游动、柔性胸鳍摆动方式推进的形状记忆合金(SMA)丝驱动型仿生蝠鲼机
器鱼.首先,对双吻前口蝠鲼游动动作进行了分析,建立了蝠鲼胸鳍柔性摆动的简化运动模型.然后对能够模仿蝠
鲼肌肉动作的智能材料进行了分析.最后设计了SMA 丝驱动的柔性仿生胸鳍和仿生蝠鲼机器鱼,并分析了SMA 丝
的热力学特性,确定了控制规律.该机器鱼外形与双吻前口蝠鲼外形相似,身体呈现扁平形状,有一对三角形的柔
性仿生胸鳍,直线游动速度达到79 mm/s,最小转弯半径为118 mm.该机器鱼游动稳定性好,无噪声. 相似文献
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3-D Locomotion control for a biomimetic robot fish 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper concerns with 3-D locomotion control methods for a biomimetic robot fish. The system architecture of the fish is firstly presented based on a physical model of carangiform fish. The robot fish has a flexible body, a rigid caudal fin and a pair of pectoral tins, driven by several servomotors. The motion control of the robot fish are then divided into speed control, orientation control, submerge control and transient motion control, corresponding algorithms are detailed respectively. Finally, experiments and analyses on a 4-link, radio-controlled robot fish prototype with 3-D locomotion show its good performance. 相似文献
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This paper presents a robot fish with a wire-driven caudal fin and a pair of pectoral fins. First, the design of the robot fish is presented. The caudal fin is driven through wire-driven mechanism. The pectoral fins can perform two degrees-of-freedom motions, i.e. flapping (roll) and feathering (pitch). The pectoral fins can move in labriform mode for propulsion, or for other purposes such as turning and diving. Second, the propulsion analysis models for caudal fin propulsion and pectoral fins propulsion are derived. Finally, three types of experiments are conducted. Experiment results show that the swimming speed of caudal fin propulsion and pectoral fin propulsion match the model predictions. Moreover, with the caudal fin propulsion alone, the robot fish can swim up to 0.66 BL/s (body length/second); with the pectoral fin propulsion alone, the robot fish can swim up to 0.26 BL/s. The pectoral fins can significantly improve the maneuverability of the robot fish. Without using the pectoral fins, the turning radius of the robot fish is 0.6 BL; with the pectoral fins, the turning radius is reduced to 0.25 BL. 相似文献
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Masaaki Ikeda Shigeki Hikasa Keigo Watanabe Isaku Nagai 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2014,19(2):136-141
In this paper, we analyze a propulsive force generated from pectoral fins for a rajiform-type fish robot from fluid dynamic aspects. A pectoral fin of the rajiform-type fish robot is constructed by multiple fin rays, which move independently, and a film of pushing water. Then, the propulsive force of the fish robot is analyzed from the momentum of the fluid surrounding for every fin between fin rays. The total propulsive force for one pectoral fin is the sum of these momenta. The propulsive speed of a fish robot is determined from the difference of the propulsive force generated from pectoral fins, and the resistance force that the fish robot receives from the water when moving forward. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined through numerical simulation and actual experimental results. 相似文献
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Microautonomous Robotic Ostraciiform (MARCO): Hydrodynamics, Design, and Fabrication 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Boxfish with multiple fins can maneuver in confined spaces with a near zero turning radius, and it has been found that its unusual boxy shape is responsible for a self-correcting mechanism that makes its trajectories immune to water disturbances. The microautonomous robotic ostraciiform aims to apply these features in a novel underwater vehicle design. Miniature underwater vehicles with these characteristics have a variety of applications, such as environmental monitoring, ship wreck exploration, inline pipe inspection, forming sensor networks, etc. This paper presents the research leading to the design and fabrication of a robotic ostraciiform. Tail fin hydrodynamics have been investigated experimentally using robotic flapper mechanisms to arrive at a caudal fin shape with optimal-shape-induced flexibility. Fluid simulation studies were utilized to arrive at the body shape that can result in a self-correcting vorticity generation. Finally, the robotic ostraciiform prototype was designed based on the previous results. The ostracifform locomotion is implemented with a pair of 2 DOF pectoral fins and a single DOF tail fin. The finalized body shape of the robot is produced by 3-D prototyping two separate halves. 相似文献
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根据所研制的咽颌模式仿生胸鳍的结构和驱动特点以及操纵运动的特征,构建了咽颌模式仿生胸鳍的仿脊髓控制网络.首先,根据咽颌模式推进时左右胸鳍的协调运动特点,构建左右仿生胸鳍仿脊髓控制网络之间的拓扑连接关系,实现左右仿生胸鳍的协调控制.然后,利用Matlab对仿脊髓控制网络在咽颌模式仿生胸鳍推进运动形态产生和左右胸鳍协调控制方面的性能进行仿真分析,并对比仿真结果与观测结果,发现两者非常吻合,从而证明了所构建的咽颌模式仿生胸鳍的结构和驱动方式及其仿脊髓控制网络是合理的,能够反映硬骨鱼胸鳍的操控机理,并且左右胸鳍的协调控制也具有较好的仿生性能.这些研究为高性能咽颌模式推进系统的研制、咽颌模式推进机理和神经肌肉控制机理等方面的研究提供了基础. 相似文献
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《Advanced Robotics》2013,27(1-2):177-196
This paper aims to design a novel bionic fish propelled by oscillating paired pectoral fins. Flapping motion deformation of the nature sample, the cow-nosed ray, is realized with simple mechanical structure through optimization. Locomotion analysis of the nature sample under linear cruise swimming conditions is carried out. Simplified mathematical models of the pectoral fin are obtained to be the design foundation of the bionic fin rays and the bionic fish. The number of fin rays is decided according to the passing kinematic wave shape and number. Distance and structure parameters are optimized, and determined by the minimum area error method. A novel two-stage slide–rocker mechanism is designed to fulfill the driving requirements with only one servo motor. System design of a new bionic fish robot is presented, including the mechanical design and the control method. Main bionic characteristics extracted from the cow-nosed ray are fulfilled by the prototype and verified by experiments. 相似文献
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NiTi形状记忆合金驱动的仿生鱼鳍的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了提高仿鱼型推进器在水中运动的灵活性,选择了典型的依靠腹部绸带状鱼鳍波动运动产生推进力的黑色魔鬼刀鱼进行研究,对此绸带状鱼鳍的形态和运动机理进行了分析,同时对鱼鳍的结构进行简化.基于绸带状鱼鳍的这种简化模型设计了形状记忆合金驱动的仿生鱼鳍.介绍了鱼鳍的机械结构和相应的控制电路.重点推导了仿生鱼鳍波状运动时理论上能到达的推进速度和产生的推进力;并采用数值仿真给出了波动推进时仿生鱼鳍表面的压力分布以及推进力随时间的周期变化规律.将数值仿真结论和先前的实验结果进行了比较,验证了数值仿真的合理性和正确性.通过上述分析,说明基于形状记忆合金驱动的仿生鱼鳍的研究是很有意义而且可行的. 相似文献