Ti-47．5Al-2．5V-1．0Cr注射成形

以Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr(原子分数,%)气雾化预合金粉末为原料,采用粉末注射成形工艺制备了TiAl合金材料,研究了该TiAl合金脱脂工艺对脱脂坯碳氧残留量和组织的影响规律及烧结工艺对烧结体显微组织、密度和压缩性能的影响规律. 结果表明:在脱脂温度600℃、保温时间为1h和真空脱脂气氛条件下脱除坯体中剩余粘结剂,坯体中残余碳氧含量(质量分数)分别为0.059%和0.12%;脱脂温度从600℃升到1000℃,粉末由枝状组织转变为近γ组织;烧结温度在1410～1450℃,保温时间在1h以内,烧结体可以快速致密化;在1450℃保温30min,烧结体相对密度可以达到95%,烧结体的抗压强度为2105MPa,压缩率达到30.9%,接近铸态合金力学性能;随烧结温度升高,烧结体中的γ相逐渐减少,组织由近片层组织逐渐转变为全片层组织.     

YAG陶瓷磨球注浆成型用浆料的流变性能研究

以高纯Al2O3和Y2O3粉体为原料,在浆料pH值为9．7,分散剂PAA-NHt体积分数为1．5％,固相体积分数为50％,球磨时间12h,增塑剂PEG体积分数为1．5％的优化工艺条件下制备出流动性好、分散均匀的Y2O3-Al2O3混合浆料,利用注浆成型制备YAG陶瓷球形生坯,在60℃干燥24h条件下,球坯相对密度可达50％以上,球坯圆度偏差仅0．5346％,陶瓷球坯颗粒分布均匀．以体积分数0．8％的SiO2为烧结助剂,在1650℃保温6h,采用液相法烧结获得了自磨损率仅5．68×10^-6／h的YAG新型陶瓷磨球,可用于高性能YAG陶瓷的制备．     

放电等离子烧结制备碳化硅块材及其高温导热性能研究

通过放电等离子烧结制备了碳化硅块材,分析了烧结温度、保温时间等对碳化硅块材的密度、物相组成、微观形貌和硬度的影响,并对其高温导热性能进行了测试.结果表明,当烧结温度为1800℃,保温时间为5min时,通过放电等离子烧结能够获得致密度为98%的碳化硅块材.与传统热压烧结相比,放电等离子烧结制备的碳化硅块材的热导率略低,其主要原因是放电等离子烧结的保温时间较短与烧结样品的致密度略低,且晶界结合性较差所导致.     

熔渗法制备Ti_3SiC_2材料及性能影响因素

采用熔渗反应烧结技术制备了Ti3SiC2材料,并对影响制备材料性能的因素进行了分析.研究结果表明:在熔渗温度为1500℃、熔渗高度为6mm时,最佳熔渗保温时间应为30min;随着制备试样中Ti3SiC2相的逐渐增多,材料的抗弯性能明显提高;随着试验压力的增加,Ti3SiC2材料的摩擦因数和磨损率均呈现先增加后减小的趋势,在试验压力为30N时摩擦因数最大,压力为40N时磨损率最大;摩擦表面连续氧化膜的生成有助于减轻Ti3SiC2材料的磨损.     

烧结工艺对Bi_(3.5)La_(0.5)Ti_3O_(12)陶瓷显微结构及其性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备了平均粒径约为191nm的Bi_(3.5)La_(0.5)Ti_3O_(12)粉末。对比研究了传统烧结、快速升温两步烧结和快速升温一步烧结三种烧结工艺对处于近纳米级Bi_(3.5)La_(0.5)Ti_3O_(12)坯体的致密化、最终陶瓷的显微结构以及介电性能的影响。研究结果表明,烧结过程的保温阶段,相同的保温时间下,快速升温两步烧结工艺在第二阶段保温温度比其他两种烧结工艺降低30℃的情况下制备的试样的密度较高,平均晶粒尺寸最小;传统烧结工艺制备的试样密度低于其它两种工艺的试样密度,且试样晶粒尺寸最大;快速升温一步烧结工艺制备的试样密度最大。介电测试结果表明,采用不同烧结升温工艺均保温8小时制备的试样的介电常数随着试样晶粒尺寸的增加而增大,居里温度点随着晶粒尺寸的增加而向高温方向移动。     

烧结工艺对透明氧化铝陶瓷性能的影响

以Isobam600AF为分散剂,Isobam104为胶黏剂,采用注凝成型工艺和真空无压烧结技术,通过改进两步烧结法制备了透明氧化铝陶瓷,探究了不同烧结温度和保温时间对氧化铝陶瓷晶粒尺寸、致密度、光学性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:该烧结工艺可有效控制晶粒尺寸长大和提高相对密度,进而提高其光学性能和力学性能.在烧结过程中,当温度升高到一定范围时,致密化过程开始,且致密化速率随着温度的升高和保温时间的延长先增加后降低,在两步烧结1 400 ℃保温3 h时致密化速率达到最快.因此,坯体的致密化过程是非线性的,且具有一个最高致密化速率温度和保温时间点.     

Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷的制备与性能

采用单质硼粉、镍粉和钼粉结合反应硼化烧结法制备了Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷,研究了Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷在烧结过程中的物相转变和尺寸变化以及烧结温度和保温时间对其力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果发现：随着烧结温度升高,材料物相逐渐由单质相变为二元硼化物相和三元硼化物相,并且材料的尺寸先发生细微收缩,再在硼化反应过程中逐渐增加,最后在液相烧结过程中逐渐减小;随着烧结温度升高,Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷的抗弯强度和硬度先增加后减小,在1290℃达到最大,分别为1346.5 MPa和83.7 HRA,并且硬质相颗粒逐渐粗化;保温时间对材料性能的影响与烧结温度一致,但在保温30 min时抗弯强度最大(1453.3 MPa),保温60 min时硬度最大(83.7 HRA).     

钢渣基高碱度微晶玻璃的一步法制备及工艺参数研究

为了提高微晶玻璃原料中高钙冶金渣的掺量,需要制备出碱度更高的微晶玻璃. 本文采用一步法,以钢渣为主要原料,制备碱度( CaO与SiO2的质量比)为0. 9的钢渣基高碱度微晶玻璃. 通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜和性能测试等手段,研究热处理条件对微晶玻璃微观形貌及线收缩率、体积密度和抗折强度等性能的影响规律. 研究表明,高碱度微晶玻璃适合采用一步法制备工艺,当在1100℃保温120 min时,微晶玻璃烧结过程基本完成,此时获得最大体积密度2. 4 g·cm-3 ,最高抗折强度56. 4 MPa. 微晶玻璃的主晶相为钙铝黄长石,副晶相为辉石. 基础玻璃颗粒在升温过程中完成了成核和析晶过程,而在保温过程中主要进行的是基础玻璃颗粒的烧结致密化和晶体的进一步发育. 升温至1100℃保温30 min,微晶玻璃的抗折强度超过45 MPa,微晶玻璃内部晶体呈方柱状交织排列并构成晶体骨架分布在残余的玻璃基体中;随着保温时间的增加,微晶玻璃的线性烧结收缩率、体积密度和抗折强度均逐渐增大,而晶相的含量基本保持不变,晶体逐渐由球形颗粒状和短柱状发育为长柱状. 晶体的形状以及与残余玻璃相构成的整体致密结构是导致高碱度微晶玻璃力学性能提高的主要因素.     

3%C-Cu机械球磨复合粉末的烧结

为了给后续的致密化工序(如热挤压)提供较高质量的烧结坯,用扫描电镜和光学显微镜分析了3%C-Cu机械球磨复合粉末所制备烧结坯的显微组织,并研究了工艺参数对其相对致密度的影响规律.结果表明,烧结温度对未机械球磨混合粉烧结行为的影响很大,而机械球磨复合粉对烧结温度不敏感.真空热压烧结可以明显地促进致密化过程.提高烧结温度、延长烧结保温时间或增加热压压强,均有助于提高烧结坯的相对致密度.在相同条件下,烧结坯的相对致密度随着复合粉末机械球磨时间的延长而降低.     

真空烧结制备三维通孔不锈钢泡沫材料

采用真空烧结制备具有三维通孔网状结构的316L不锈钢泡沫材料,研究烧结温度和保温时间对不锈钢泡沫材料的表观密度、开孔孔隙率、抗弯强度、抗氧化性等方面的影响。研究结果表明:随着烧结温度的升高,泡沫材料的表观密度和线收缩率增大,抗氧化性能提高,开孔孔隙率减小;随着烧结温度的升高,泡沫材料抗弯强度明显增大,但当烧结温度超过1 260℃,由于液相的产生,使其抗弯强度降低;随着保温时间的延长,不锈钢泡沫的表观密度、线收缩率和抗弯强度增大,开孔孔隙率降低;前驱体在1 260℃温度下烧结60 min,可制得孔径为1 mm左右、具有良好三维通孔结构的不锈钢泡沫,该泡沫的开孔孔隙率为81.4%,抗弯强度达56.8 MPa。     

Experimental Research on Residual Stress in Surface of Silicon Nitride Ceramic Balls

The influence of the residual stress in surface of ceramic balls on the fatigue life is large, because the life of silicon nitride ball bearings is more sensitive to the load acted on the bearings than the life of all-steel ball bearings. In this paper, the influence of thermal stress produced in sintering and mechanical stress formed in lapping process on residual stress in surface of silicon nitride ceramic balls was discussed. The residual compress stress will be formed in the surface of silicon nitride ...     

Research on Abrasives in the Chemical Mechanical Polishing Process for Silicon Nitride Balls

Silicon nitride (Si 3N 4) has been the main material for balls in ceramic ball bearings, for its lower density, high strength, high hardness, fine thermal stability and anticorrosive, and is widely used in various fields, such as high speed and high temperature areojet engines, precision machine tools and chemical engineer machines. Silicon nitride ceramics is a kind of brittle and hard material that is difficult to machining. In the traditional finishing process of silicon nitride balls, balls are lapped...     

三水铝石矿机械活化性能及其动力学

分析了机械活化作用下铝土矿的溶出特点,考察了溶出温度、溶出时间及机械活化转速等对铝土矿直接溶出与机械活化溶出性能效果的影响,并探讨了该过程控制步骤的转化规律.研究结果表明:机械活化作用可有效降低三水铝石型铝土矿的溶出温度及溶出时间,放宽给矿粒度,在装球量为30%,钢弹转速为100 r/min,料球质量比为1.2∶1,溶出温度为150℃,溶出时间为40 min的条件下,矿物中氧化铝的实际溶出率可达85%以上;机械活化作用可大幅度降低扩散控制对三水铝石矿溶出过程的影响.     

A New Shaping Model for Green Ceramic Balls

The shaping quality of green ceramic balls is directly related to the efficiency and cost of later machining for the ceramic balls. Until now the shaping for green ceramic balls is still conducted by handwork. In this paper, a new shaping model for green ceramic balls was designed. In the new model, two grinding wheels with the same generator line as circular arc are mounted on symmetry, and their axes are parallel. The green ball can be put in the enveloping space formed by the two grinding wheels. The rad...     

高纯度铝酸三钙的制备

以碳酸钙、氢氧化钙和氧化铝为原材料,选用不同煅烧温度、保温时间及煅烧次数,确定制备高纯度铝酸三钙(C3A)的方法。经X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析,结果表明:最佳制备方法为以氢氧化钙为钙质原料、氧化铝为铝质原料,煅烧温度为1 320℃,保温时间为3 h,经3次煅烧研磨得w(f-CaO)为0.45%的高纯度C3A;水化10 min的C3A具有较高的水化活性。     

Cu-Zn-Al2O3 nanocomposites: study of microstructure,corrosion, and wear properties

Alumina nanoparticles were added to a Cu-Zn alloy to investigate their effect on the microstructural, tribological, and corrosion properties of the prepared alloys. Alloying was performed using a mixture of copper and zinc powders with 0vol% and 5vol% of α-Al nanopowder in a satellite ball mill. The results showed that the Cu-Zn solid solution formed after 18 h of mechanical alloying. The mechan-ically alloyed powder was compacted followed by sintering of the obtained green compacts at 750℃ for 30 min. Alumina nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the matrix of the Cu-Zn alloy. The tribological properties were evaluated by pin-on-disk wear tests, which revealed that, upon the addition of alumina nanoparticles, the coefficient of friction and the wear rate were reduced to 20% and 40%, respectively. The corrosion properties of the samples exposed to a 3.5wt% NaCl solution were studied using the immersion and potentiodynamic polarization methods, which revealed that the addition of alumina nanoparticles reduced the corrosion current of the nanocomposite by 90%.     

钢球磨煤机钢球的最佳级配与补球参数

根据钢球磨煤机工况基本不变时钢球磨损呈现出的稳态磨损特性,建立了钢球磨损稳态矩阵模型.把该钢球稳态磨损矩阵应用于某电厂200 MW机组钢球磨煤机的装补球制度,降低了钢球磨煤机的钢耗和电耗.     

CuCrW(Al2O3) nanocomposite: mechanical alloying,microstructure, and tribological properties

The effect of alumina nanoparticle addition on the microstructure and tribological properties of a CuCrW alloy was investigated in this work.Mechanical alloying was carried out in a satellite ball mill.The tribological properties of the samples were evaluated using pin-on-disk wear tests with different pins (alumina,tungsten carbide,and steel pins).The results indicated that the tungsten carbide pin had a lower coefficient of friction than the alumina and steel pins because of its high hardness and low surface roughness.In addition,when the sliding rate was decreased,the weight-loss rate increased.The existence of alumina nanoparticles in the nanocomposite led to a lower weight-loss rate and to a change in the wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive.