基于JPS策略的ACS移动机器人全局路径规划

针对蚁群系统（ACS）算法收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优、路径转折点数量过多等问题,提出了一种基于跳点搜索（JPS）策略的ACS全局路径规划算法．该算法在迭代前加入一只特殊蚂蚁,利用方向因子引导该蚂蚁始终朝着目标方向前进,并查询是否存在最简路径;在蚂蚁查询下一个节点时,利用JPS算法思想舍去大部分不需要计算的节点．最后,为验证该方法的有效性,使用不同规格的栅格地图进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明,改进的ACS算法相比于ACS算法,收敛速度加快、收敛时间缩短,且路径更优．最后将算法应用到实际的基于机器人操作系统（ROS）的移动机器人导航实验中,实验结果表明,改进的ACS算法能够有效地解决移动机器人全局路径规划问题,且能明显提升机器人全局路径规划的效率．     

A modified ant colony system for finding the expected shortest path in networks with variable arc lengths and probabilistic nodes

The problem of finding the expected shortest path in stochastic networks, where the presence of each node is probabilistic and the arc lengths are random variables, have numerous applications, especially in communication networks. The problem being NP-hard we use an ant colony system (ACS) to propose a metaheuristic algorithm for finding the expected shortest path. A new local heuristic is formulated for the proposed algorithm to consider the probabilistic nodes. The arc lengths are randomly generated based on the arc length distribution functions. Examples are worked out to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach.     

一种蚁群竞争WSN能量均衡路由算法

针对无线传感器网络路由在能量控制和拥塞控制上的特殊要求，通过利用蚁群算法(ACS)对路由中最短路径的加速收敛的同时，兼顾网络节点能量均衡消耗，提出了一种新算法——AERA。该算法引入了多蚁群竞争机制，并将多蚁群挥发的信息素与网络节点能量参数共同构成路由控制因子。此算法能有效地控制网络拥塞，并使网络节点能量消耗相对均衡，延长了整个网络的生命周期，实现了高效路由与能量消耗的最优权衡。通过NS仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性，并给出了实验结果。     

A novel adaptive cuckoo search algorithm for intrinsic discriminant analysis based face recognition

This paper presents a novel adaptive cuckoo search (ACS) algorithm for optimization. The step size is made adaptive from the knowledge of its fitness function value and its current position in the search space. The other important feature of the ACS algorithm is its speed, which is faster than the CS algorithm. Here, an attempt is made to make the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm parameter free, without a Levy step. The proposed algorithm is validated using twenty three standard benchmark test functions. The second part of the paper proposes an efficient face recognition algorithm using ACS, principal component analysis (PCA) and intrinsic discriminant analysis (IDA). The proposed algorithms are named as PCA + IDA and ACS–IDA. Interestingly, PCA + IDA offers us a perturbation free algorithm for dimension reduction while ACS + IDA is used to find the optimal feature vectors for classification of the face images based on the IDA. For the performance analysis, we use three standard face databases—YALE, ORL, and FERET. A comparison of the proposed method with the state-of-the-art methods reveals the effectiveness of our algorithm.     

读写频繁云存储网络应用的数据备份方法

文章根据读写频繁的云存储网络应用的数据存储特点,提出了一种新的数据备份方法,旨在最优化地利用已有的系统资源,为用户提供更好的用户体验。文章中的数据备份方法包括基于数据节点废弃度计算与用户访问预测的副本创建机制和基于存储平衡预测算法与副本健康度计算的负载调整机制。文章的数据备份方法与现有技术相比针对日益流行的社交类云存储网络应用进行了优化,将多种数据参数加权计算作为衡量数据节点优劣和副本文件价值的标准,在保证用户使用体验的前提下使各数据节点达到负载的均衡,并且避免了云服务器端将有限的计算资源浪费在频繁的副本调整过程中。     

Implementation of an ant colony system for DNA sequence optimization

DNA computation exploits the computational power inherent in molecules for information processing. However, in order to perform the computation correctly, a set of good DNA sequences is crucial. A lot of work has been carried out on designing good DNA sequences to archive a reliable molecular computation. In this article, the ant colony system (ACS) is introduced as a new tool for DNA sequence design. In this approach, the DNA sequence design is modeled as a path-finding problem, which consists of four nodes, to enable the implementation of the ACS. The results of the proposed approach are compared with other methods such as the genetic algorithm.     

基于动态数据分布的并行Shear-Warp体绘制算法

提出了基于动态数据分布的并行Ｓｈｅａｒ－Ｗａｒｐ体绘制算法和新的动态数据分布策略,利用空闲的广播通信线路使数据重分布与绘制并行进行,提高了通信线路的利用率、避免了冗余存储,减少了资源浪费,并避免了对算法效率的影响;改进的任务分配与负载平衡策略,避免了节点机负载的不平衡和流水线作业的积压,提高了算法的效率。     

蚁群遗传混合算法

提出了一种蚁群系统与遗传算法融合的算法。将遗传算法加入到蚁群系统的每一次迭代过程中，利用遗传算法全局快速收敛的优点，来加快蚁群系统的收敛速度。并且遗传算法中的变异机制，帮助提高了蚁群系统跳出局部最优的能力。不仅阐述了新算法的原理，而且以旅行商问题为例进行了仿真实验，实验结果表明新算法在求解时间和求解质量上都取得了很好的效果     

Algorithmus 27 Ein neuer Algorithmus zur Bestimmung vonk-kürzesten Wegen in einem Graphen

The following algorithm for finding thek-shortest loopless paths from one node to another is a development of the algorithm published in [2]. Though memory need is less, the new algorithm is running is bout 20 times as fast on large networks (1000 nodes and more). The computer time increases linearly withk and about quadratic with the number of nodes on the generated paths.     

一种基于分组的区块链共识算法

区块链作为一门新技术,因为其去中心化、不可篡改等性质而被广泛研究。但由于公有链共识算法存在效率低、浪费资源等缺陷,研究者们转向对节点规模较小的联盟链的研究。目前联盟链使用的共识算法为传统的分布式共识算法,受制于节点的规模。当节点数目上升时,系统中的通信量也会上升。提出一种分组的共识算法,第一阶段通过盲签名投票选取胜利节点,第二阶段使用PBFT算法进行主节点的选取,有效缓解单纯使用PBFT算法带来的节点数目增多通信量过大的问题。最后使用该共识算法提出一种物联网系统的架构。     

基于两个参数的无线传感器网络分簇算法

分簇使无线传感器网络层次清晰,便于管理,节约能量,同时可以降低传输过程中的数据冗余.基于节点剩余能量和邻居节点数目两个参数,提出了一种分布式的无线传感器网络分簇算法.该算法将分簇过程分为两个阶段并引入退位机制,第1阶段以节点剩余能量作为参数,第2阶段还引入了邻居节点数目参数.实验结果表明,它有效地解决了簇间重叠的问题,同时只要求较小的通信开销.     

A correction algorithm for token-passing sequences in mobile communication networks

We present a distributed approximation algorithm for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) in networks that use a broadcast, multiaccess communication channel. The application for which the algorithm was originally designed is maintaining a short token-passing path (which means low scheduling overhead) in radio networks with mobile nodes. The algorithm is adaptive in the sense that it shifts gradually between performing a slight correction of an existing tour and recomputing one “from scratch.” It can thus be viewed as a generalization, or extension, of conventional TSP algorithms. The proposed algorithm guarantees the same worst-case tour length as the one guaranteed by any conventional “from scratch” algorithm, yet it is capable of taking advantage of certain node layouts (e.g., geographically clustered nodes) to reduce the cost of computing the path. The correction algorithm is suitable for dynamic graphs with slowly changing edge weights, and for which a Traveling Salesman tour (optimal or approximate) has previously been computed and is “deteriorating” with time due to the weight changes. The algorithm can be used to “refresh” the tour whenever it deteriorates beyond a given level, and thus maintain a reasonable average tour length at relatively low computation and communication costs. For a Euclidean graph withn nodes laid out in a bounded area with diameterD, the maximal length of the tour produced by the algorithm is proportional toD√n, like the maximal length of an optimal tour in that graph (the two differ by a factor of 2 at the worst case).     

An ant colony system (ACS) for vehicle routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup

In this paper we use an ant colony system (ACS) algorithm to solve the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup (VRPSDP) which is a combinatorial optimization problem. ACS is an algorithmic approach inspired by the foraging behavior of real ants. Artificial ants are used to construct a solution for the problem by using the pheromone information from previously generated solutions. The proposed ACS algorithm uses a construction rule as well as two multi-route local search schemes. The algorithm can also solve the vehicle routing problem with backhaul and mixed load (VRPBM). An extensive numerical experiment is performed on benchmark problem instances available in literature. It is found that ACS gives good results compared to the existing algorithms.     

Self-stabilizing minimum degree spanning tree within one from the optimal degree

We propose a self-stabilizing algorithm for constructing a Minimum Degree Spanning Tree (MDST) in undirected networks. Starting from an arbitrary state, our algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a legitimate state describing a spanning tree whose maximum node degree is at most Δ^∗+1, where Δ^∗ is the minimum possible maximum degree of a spanning tree of the network.To the best of our knowledge, our algorithm is the first self-stabilizing solution for the construction of a minimum degree spanning tree in undirected graphs. The algorithm uses only local communications (nodes interact only with the neighbors at one hop distance). Moreover, the algorithm is designed to work in any asynchronous message passing network with reliable FIFO channels. Additionally, we use a fine grained atomicity model (i.e., the send/receive atomicity). The time complexity of our solution is O(mn²logn) where m is the number of edges and n is the number of nodes. The memory complexity is O(δlogn) in the send-receive atomicity model (δ is the maximal degree of the network).     

A high performance optimal dynamic routing algorithm with unicast multichannel QoS guarantee in communication systems

Dynamic routing protocols play an important role in today??s networks. In communication networks, in a current data transmission session, failing nodes and links is a destructor event which loses packets immediately and it can also waste network resources and services seriously. Sometimes failing nodes can disconnect data transmission and, therefore, lost packets must be retransmitted by new session. In this situation, the routing algorithm must discard failed nodes and must repair paths of session by rerouting them. In this case, static routing algorithms and some existing dynamic routing algorithms cannot manage faulty paths fairly and network efficiency is seriously declined. The capability to compensate for topology changes is the most important advantage dynamic routing offers over static routing. An efficient dynamic routing algorithm tries to reroute and change faulty paths without disconnecting sessions and keeps packet transmission in a desirable rate. It is important to tell that a dynamic routing algorithm should provide multi essential parameters, such as acceptable delay, jitter, bandwidth, multichannel paths, virtual channel connections, label switching technology, optimal resource allocation, optimal efficiency in the case of multimedia, and real time applications. This paper proposes a new dynamic framework which transforms static routing algorithms to dynamic routing algorithms. Using the new dynamic framework, this paper constructs an Optimal Dynamic Unicast Multichannel QoS Routing (ODUMR) algorithm based on the Constrained Based Routing (CBR) and Label Switching Technology which is called as ODUMR Algorithm. The performance of ODUMR is analyzed by network simulator tools such as OpNet, MATLAB, and WinQSB. ODUMR produces results better than the existing static and dynamic routing algorithms in terms of necessary parameters.     

A fast pessimistic diagnosis algorithm for generalized hypercube multicomputer systems

The reliability of processors is an important issue for designing a massively parallel processing system for which fault-tolerant computing is crucial. In order to achieve high system reliability and availability, a faulty processor (node) when found should be replaced by a fault-free processor. Within a multiprocessor system, the technique of identifying faulty nodes by constructing tests on the nodes and interpreting the test outcomes is known as system-level diagnosis. The topological structure of a multicomputer system can be modeled by a graph of which the vertices and edges correspond to nodes and links of the system, respectively. This work presents a system-level diagnosis algorithm for a generalized hypercube which is an attractive variance of a hypercube. The proposed algorithm is based on the PMC model and can isolate all faulty nodes to within a set which contains at most one fault-free node. If the total number of nodes to be diagnosed in a generalized hypercube is N, the proposed algorithm can run in O(Nlog?N) time, and being superior to Yang??s algorithm proposed in 2004, it can diagnose not only a hypercube but also a generalized hypercube.     

Approximation schemes for load balanced clustering in wireless sensor networks

Clustering sensor nodes is an efficient technique to improve scalability and life time of a wireless sensor network (WSN). However, in a cluster based WSN, the leaders (cluster heads) consume more energy due to some extra load for various activities such as data collection, data aggregation, and communication of the aggregated data to the base station. Therefore, balancing the load of the cluster heads is a crucial issue for the long run operation of the WSNs. In this paper, we first present a load balanced clustering scheme for wireless sensor networks. We show that the algorithm runs in O(nlogn) time for n sensor nodes. We prove that the algorithm is optimal for the case in which the sensor nodes have equal load. We also show that it is a polynomial time 2-approximation algorithm for the general case, i.e., when the sensor nodes have variable load. We finally improve this algorithm and propose a 1.5-approximation algorithm for the general case. The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in terms of the load balancing of the cluster heads, execution time, and the network life.     

基于多路径蚁群算法的无线传感器网络的路由

针对能量控制在无线传感器网络路由上的特殊要求,为了促使网络节点能量消耗相对均衡,将基本蚁群算法(ACS)应用于无线传感器网络的路由,提出一种基于多路径蚁群算法的无线传感器网络的路由(MACS).该算法利用蚁群的自组织、自适应和动态寻优能力,通过蚂蚁并行地寻找从源节点到达目的节点的最优路径和次优路径,使得网络中的节点不需要维护全局信息,形成多条传榆路径,延长了整个网络的生命期.仿真结果表明,该算法和定向扩散路由(DD)、基本蚁群算法及极大一极小蚁群算法(MMAS)相比,在路由代价和节能方面效果显著.     

Evolutionary selection extreme learning machine optimization for regression

Neural network model of aggression can approximate unknown datasets with the less error. As an important method of global regression, extreme learning machine (ELM) represents a typical learning method in single-hidden layer feedforward network, because of the better generalization performance and the faster implementation. The “randomness” property of input weights makes the nonlinear combination reach arbitrary function approximation. In this paper, we attempt to seek the alternative mechanism to input connections. The idea is derived from the evolutionary algorithm. After predefining the number L of hidden nodes, we generate original ELM models. Each hidden node is seemed as a gene. To rank these hidden nodes, the larger weight nodes are reassigned for the updated ELM. We put L/2 trivial hidden nodes in a candidate reservoir. Then, we generate L/2 new hidden nodes to combine L hidden nodes from this candidate reservoir. Another ranking is used to choose these hidden nodes. The fitness-proportional selection may select L/2 hidden nodes and recombine evolutionary selection ELM. The entire algorithm can be applied for large-scale dataset regression. The verification shows that the regression performance is better than the traditional ELM and Bayesian ELM under less cost gain.     

Training SVMs on a bound vectors set based on Fisher projection

Standard support vector machines (SVMs) training algorithms have O(l ³) computational and O(l ²) space complexities, where l is the training set size. It is thus computationally infeasible on very large data sets. To alleviate the computational burden in SVM training, we propose an algorithm to train SVMs on a bound vectors set that is extracted based on Fisher projection. For linear separate problems, we use linear Fisher discriminant to compute the projection line, while for non-linear separate problems, we use kernel Fisher discriminant to compute the projection line. For each case, we select a certain ratio samples whose projections are adjacent to those of the other class as bound vectors. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is with low computational and space complexities. Extensive experiments on several classification benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.