5083铝镁合金在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的腐蚀研究

采用扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）中的极化曲线法和交流阻抗图谱法研究5083铝镁合金在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,结果表明:合金在中性NaCl溶液中的腐蚀为钝化材料体系,随着盐度的增加,Cl-对合金基体的破坏加剧,腐蚀电位正移,点蚀电位减小,其电化学阻抗谱中仅有1个容抗弧且呈现收缩趋势.同时,阻抗减小,相位角增加,弥散指数降低,合金的耐腐蚀性能下降.溶液中存在强活化作用的Cl-,会损坏合金表面的氧化膜,逐渐取代腐蚀产物Al（OH）₃中的OH-,生成新的腐蚀产物AlCl₃.      

油水两相界面处缓蚀剂的作用效果及机理

利用旋转圆柱电极,结合电化学方法（电化学交流阻抗、极化曲线）、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和紫外-可见分光光度法研究了流动工况下油水分层介质中缓蚀剂在油水两相界面处的作用效果及机理。结果表明,该工况下,100 mg·L?1十七烯基胺乙基咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂对碳钢在油水两相分层介质中的水区具有良好的缓蚀效果,缓蚀效率高达99%,但在油水两相界面区域,由于油相的大量存在,导致缓蚀剂的有效质量分数降为混合前的31%,缓蚀效率仅为83%,缓蚀效果较差,碳钢腐蚀未得到有效抑制,甚至出现了沟槽腐蚀。因此,在油区试样腐蚀轻微,并且缓蚀剂的加入有效抑制了水区X65钢的腐蚀。      

基于SECM研究5083铝镁合金在不同pH NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

采用扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)中的极化曲线法和交流阻抗图谱法研究5083铝镁合金在不同pH NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,结果表明:在酸性体系(pH 3~7),随着pH的增加,其腐蚀电位正移,点蚀电位相差不大,维钝电流密度减小,电化学阻抗谱中仅有1个容抗弧且呈现收缩趋势.同时,阻抗和相位角减小,电荷传递电阻升高,耐腐蚀性能增大.在碱性体系(pH 9~12),随着pH的增加,腐蚀电流密度增加,而腐蚀电位减小,腐蚀速度由0.000 9mm/a增加到0.025 6?mm/a.电化学阻抗谱中有2个容抗弧,在pH=12处出现感抗弧.同时,阻抗和相位角减小,金属化合物颗粒溶解过程加快,合金耐腐蚀性能降低.      

Sb含量对Sn–Sb合金焊料电化学腐蚀行为的影响

为了评估Sn-Sb合金焊料的电化学可靠性，以Sn-xSb(x=0.5%,3%,5%,10%,质量百分数)合金为工作电极，Pt片为对电极，饱和甘汞电极（SCE，饱和KCl溶液）为参比电极，中性5% NaCl溶液为腐蚀溶液，采用电化学腐蚀试验方法，研究了Sb含量对Sn-Sb合金焊料的电化学腐蚀行为的影响。通过对合金样品的动电位极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗谱（EIS）的分析，得出Sn-Sb合金焊料耐腐蚀性下降的趋势为Sn-10Sb > Sn-5Sb > Sn-3Sb > Sn-0.5Sb。     

Al_(88)Ce_8Co_4非晶合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为研究

利用极化曲线测试方法、交流阻抗技术研究了Al88Ce8Co4非晶合金在NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为。研究结果表明,Al88Ce8Co4非晶合金在NaCl溶液中具有很好的耐腐蚀性能。NaCl溶液浓度严重影响Al88Ce8Co4非晶合金的抗腐蚀性能,在所研究的浓度范围内,极化曲线都表现出明显的钝化趋势,EIS图谱均由单一的容抗弧构成。在浓度为0.5mol/L~2mol/L范围内,随浓度的增加,自腐蚀电位有向负方向移动的趋势,腐蚀电流密度逐渐降低,电荷转移电阻逐渐增大,当浓度达到4mol/L时,自腐蚀电位向负方向移动较大,相较于2mol/L时,腐蚀电流密度又有所升高,电荷转移电阻有所降低。     

3Cr钢在油水两相层流工况下的腐蚀行为

油水两相是海底管道和集输管线常见的腐蚀工况之一。以3Cr钢为代表的低Cr合金钢是目前具有良好耐蚀性能的重要材料,但是,在油水两相层流工况下,特别是加注了一定缓蚀剂的条件下,3Cr钢的适用性尚不明确。通过高温高压反应釜模拟了油水两相层流工况的腐蚀环境,结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射谱（XRD）、激光共聚焦拉曼光谱、电化学交流阻抗等测试表征方法,研究了3Cr钢的腐蚀行为及缓蚀剂对其耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,在油水分层工况下,3Cr钢的腐蚀产物膜为明显的双层膜结构,其内层腐蚀产物膜为结构致密的富Cr层,表现出良好的抗CO₂腐蚀性能,但加入100 mg·L?1十七烯基胺乙基咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂后,3Cr钢并未得到有效的缓蚀保护。腐蚀产物分析和电化学研究表明,烷烃分子、缓蚀剂分子及富Cr层间存在竞争关系,烷烃分子干扰了缓蚀剂分子的有序排列,影响了3Cr钢的耐蚀性。      

Ti-3Ta-xNb合金在沸腾硝酸中的电化学腐蚀研究

采用非真空自耗电弧熔炼获得成分均匀的Ti-3Ta-xNb(x=0、1、3、5)合金。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察发现,随着Nb元素含量的增加,合金的等轴α相比例减少,晶粒细化。通过电化学测试研究了Ti-3Ta-xNb合金在6 mol/L沸腾硝酸溶液中的开路电位、动电位极化曲线及电化学阻抗谱。结果表明：随着Nb元素含量的增加,Ti-3Ta-xNb合金的腐蚀电流密度降低,极化电阻增加,即合金的耐蚀性增强。     

高温处理Al-Zn-In-Er合金低熔点共晶组织与电化学行为研究

微合金化和热处理能有效提升合金的电化学性能。前期研究发现,高温处理后,Al-Zn-In-Er合金在基体中会析出球笼状低熔点共晶组织,有鉴于此,本文拟定了Al-Zn-In-Er合金640℃保温8 h的高温处理制度,分别以急冷和缓冷两种不同的冷却方式冷却,研究该合金中低熔点共晶的组织演变特点与合金电化学行为。利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD),研究了不同冷却方式下合金中球笼状组织及其组成。通过测试极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱,研究了合金在3. 5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的电化学行为。测试了合金在人造海水中的电流效率。结果表明,高温处理后在合金基体中析出的球笼状组织主要为Al_3Er与铝锌固溶体形成的低熔点共晶组织;合金自腐蚀电流密度升高,急冷试样的自腐蚀电流密度可达46. 31μA,缓冷试样为12. 64μA;高温处理后电流效率降低;缓冷使合金组织和球笼状第二相分布更加均匀,工作电位更加稳定;合金在3. 5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀呈现典型的点蚀特征。     

含铈Al-Cu-Mn合金的显微组织与电化学性能

通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,硬度测试和电化学测试等方法研究了一种新型锂离子电池外壳材料含铈(Ce)Al-Cu-Mn合金的组织和性能.试验结果表明:合金中主要含有α-Al相,Al2Cu和Al12(Mn,Fe)3Si相.铸态合金中含有大量的Al-Mn-Fe-Si或者AlCu-Mn-Fe-Si和Al-Cu-Si-Ce中间相;Tafel极化曲线测试结果表明,腐蚀处的形貌主要由腐蚀环和腐蚀产物组成.随着Cl-浓度的增加,合金的耐蚀性能下降.交流阻抗谱分析表明,随着浸入溶液时间的增加,从高中频容抗弧和韦伯阻抗组成的曲线转变成单一的容抗弧,合金转变为全面腐蚀.     

晶粒细化对Cu-40Ni合金在酸性含Cl-介质中耐蚀性能的影响

采用电弧熔炼（CA）和机械合金化（MA）通过热压烧结工艺制备了晶粒尺寸差别较大的Cu-40Ni合金，借助于PARM273A和M5210电化学综合测量仪，利用动电位扫描法和交流阻抗技术对比研究了上述合金在酸性含Cl^-介质中的腐蚀电化学性能以及腐蚀机制。结果表明：两种合金的腐蚀电位随时间逐渐稳定，在中性Na2SO4溶液中加入H2SO4和NaCl后，两种合金的自腐蚀电位负移；晶粒细化后，两种合金的自腐蚀电位则正移。两种合金在中性及酸性含Cl^-介质中均存在钝化现象，但在酸性含Cl^-介质中钝化区间很短，钝化能力较弱。两种合金的交流阻抗谱均由单容抗弧组成，反应由电化学过程控制。晶粒细化后，合金中存在大量晶界，参与腐蚀反应的活性原子数增加，促使MACu40Ni合金的腐蚀速度高于CACu-40Ni合金。     

微弧氧化对7050铝合金腐蚀行为的影响

采用微弧氧化(MAO)技术在7050铝合金表面制备了陶瓷膜层,运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDS)表征陶瓷膜微观结构,采用动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和慢应变速率拉伸试验(SSRT)研究了微弧氧化膜对7050铝合金在3.5%(质量分数) NaCl水溶液中腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响.结果表明:微弧氧化膜层由表面疏松层与内部致密层组成,表面疏松层主要由Al₂O₃组成,内部致密层由氧化铝与铝烧结而成.微弧氧化膜层可以有效抑制7050铝合金表面的腐蚀萌生及明显降低腐蚀速率,且使7050铝合金的应力腐蚀敏感性出现显著下降.      

Corrosion of Alloy Steel in 30% Ethylene Glycol Solution and CrO_4~（2-） Under Hydrodynamic Condition

 The electrochemical behavior of steel alloy in 30% ethylene glycol-water solution at different solution rotating speeds was investigated by polarization curves and AC impedance measurements. The results obtained showed that corrosion rate did not change significantly at different rotating speeds. The effect of chromate as the inhibitor was studied and high inhibition efficiency was obtained. It was found that surface passivation occurred in the presence of the inhibitor. The inhibiting effect of the chromate was explained on the basis of the competitive adsorption between the inorganic anions and the aggressive Cl- and the adsorption isotherm basically obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters for inhibitor adsorption were determined and results reveal that the adsorption process is spontaneous.     

Anticorrosion behavior of conversion coatings obtained from unbuffered cerium salts solutions on AA6061-T6

The anticorrosive properties of cerium based conversion coatings deposited on AA6061-T6 alloy by immersion in unbuffered cerium chloride and cerium nitrate solutions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide were investigated and characterized by potentiodynamic polarization(PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) in 0.5 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution.The microstructure and chemicalcomposition of the protective films were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS).It was found that the best corrosion protection was afforded by the samples treated during 600 s in cerium chloride solution at pH values～5.5-4,showing higher amounts of cerium and polarization resistance values greater than 10 Ω m2.Moreover,an ennoblement of the corrosion potential and decreasing of the cathodic and anodic currents were obtained compared with the cerium nitrate solutions application.Thisbehavior was attributed to the influence of the deposition parameters such as type of the salt anion,i.e.,chelating effect and chaotropic characteristics,pH fluctuations in the conversion solution and deposition time.     

NaCl+HCl溶液中Ce对双相不锈钢腐蚀行为的影响

为了研究酸性NaCl溶液中双相不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能,以含微量稀土Ce的UNS S31803双相不锈钢为研究对象,采用电化学阳极极化和交流阻抗相结合的方法测试其在NaCl + HCl混合溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。利用扫描电镜(SEM)观测腐蚀后的形貌特征,采用电子探针(EPMA)检测合金元素与杂质元素的分布特征,分析Ce元素的加入对双相不锈钢电化学腐蚀行为的影响机制。结果表明,钢中存在两相的选择性腐蚀并伴有局部点蚀,其中铁素体相是腐蚀较严重的相;阳极极化测试与交流阻抗测试结果相吻合,Ce拓宽了试验钢的钝化区间;Ce通过净化钢液、降低S和P元素在相界的偏聚及使Cr、Ni和Mo等合金元素在两相中的分布更均匀等作用,提高了钢的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effects of lanthanum addition on corrosion resistance of hot-dipped galvalume coating

Effects of La addition on corrosion resistance of hot-dipped galvalume coating steel wire were investigated. The corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Si-La alloy coatings containing 0, 0.02wt.%, 0.05wt.%, 0.1wt.% and 0.2wt.% La were evaluated by various tests such as copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray testing (CASS), immersion test in 3.5% NaCl solution, electrochemical tests including weak polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM) test and X-ray diffraction (XRD) test. It was found that the corrosion resistance of galvalume coating could be improved by adding proper amounts of La. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the improvement of corrosion resistance by La addition was discussed.     

Characteristics of Zinc Phosphate Coating Activated by Different Concentrations of Nickel Acetate Solution

Activation pretreatment with nickel acetate solution at various concentrations was performed prior to the phosphating step to enhance the corrosion resistance of carbon steel substrates. The activation solution was studied over various concentrations: 10, 50, and 100 g/L. The effects of these concentrations on surface characteristics and microstructural evolution of the coated samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The electrochemical behavior was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and immersion test in a 3.5 pct NaCl solution. Significant increases in the nucleation sites and surface coverage of zinc phosphate coating were observed as the concentration of activation solution reached 50 g/L. The electrochemical analysis revealed that the activation treatment with 50 g/L nickel acetate solution significantly improved the protection ability of the zinc phosphate coating. The corrosion current density of activated phosphate coating with 50 g/L was reduced by 64.64 and 13.22 pct, compared to the coatings obtained with activation solutions of 10 and 100 g/L, respectively.