TC11钛合金热压缩变形时微观组织演变规律研究

在变形温度1030~1120℃,应变速率0.001~1.0 s-1,最大变形程度50%时对TC11钛合金进行了高温压缩热模拟试验。分析了TC11钛合金高温流变应力—应变曲线变化规律;分析了变形温度、应变速率和变形程度对组织性能的影响规律。结果表明:在应变速率较小时,TC11钛合金的α相被拉断,在原始晶界处出现细小的晶粒;在应变速率较高时,α相晶粒呈细小的等轴晶;变形温度越低,初生α相的含量越多。     

TC4钛合金扩散连接区热变形特性行为研究

以TC4钛合金扩散连接区为研究对象，在变形温度920，950，980，1010 ℃及应变速率0.01，0.1，1，10 s-1的条件下进行热变形试验，研究了变形温度和应变速率对TC4钛合金扩散连接区流变应力和微观组织的影响规律。研究结果表明：TC4钛合金扩散连接区在高温下具有明显的动态软化特征，流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低，随变形速率的提高而增大；高温变形后扩散连接界面消失，随变形温度的增加，等轴α相的体积分数减少，同时伴有短棒状和板条状的次生α相出现，且次生α相的体积分数随应变速率增加逐渐降低；当变形温度达到1010 ℃时，出现马氏体α′相；以双曲正弦形式修正的Arrhenius方程为基础，建立了TC4钛合金扩散连接区双曲正弦本构方程以及热加工图，确定TC4钛合金扩散连接区的最佳变形温度为920~950 ℃，变形速率为0.01~0.1 s-1。     

TC4钛合金高温本构关系的研究

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上对TC4钛合金进行高温热压缩试验,热模拟压缩试验变形条件:温度800～1030℃,应变速率0.001～10 s-1;变形程度60％.结果表明:TC4钛合金在变形开始阶段,流动应力随应变的增加迅速增加,当应变超过一定值后,流动应力开始下降并逐渐趋于稳定,出现稳态流动特征;变形温度、应变速率的减小使TC4钛合金高温变形时的峰值应力显著降低.并通过对数据的回归处理,确定了合金在(α+β)相区地热变形激活能是565.96 kJ/mol,β相区是402.879 kJ/mol.研究发现峰值应力σp、稳态应力σres、峰值应变εp、稳态应变εres等与Z参数之间呈线性关系.     

高温变形参数对Ti3Al基合金微观组织的影响

研究了高温变形参数对Ti-24Al-15Nb- 1.5Mo合金显微组织的影响.实验选取的变形温度为980℃,应变速率为10-3～10-1 s-1,变形程度为30％～50％.结果表明:在变形过程中,应变速率对α2相体积分数影响不大,但对α2相晶粒的形态和尺寸有一定影响,较高的应变速率有利于细化晶粒;随着变形程度的提高,α2相晶粒的细化程度增加,晶粒粒径更加细小.     

TC6钛合金高温变形力学行为研究

在Thermecmaster-Z型热加工模拟试验机上对TC6钛合金在温度 80 0～ 10 4 0℃、应变速率 10 - 3～ 5 0s- 1、最大变形程度 5 0 %条件下的高温变形行为进行了研究。研究结果表明合适的工艺参数范围为变形温度 92 0～ 95 0℃、应变速率 1 0～ 1× 10 - 3s- 1。在分析其变形温度、变形程度和应变速率对流动应力影响规律的基础上提出了一种本构关系回归模型     

锻态TB6钛合金热变形行为及组织演变

在THERMECMASTER-Z型热模拟试验机上,对锻态TB6钛合金在真应变为0.92、变形温度为800℃～1150℃、应变速率为0.001s-1～1s-1的条件下进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验,分析合金在β单相区条件下的热变形特点,并观察金相组织。结果表明,应变速率对合金流动应力的影响较显著;而变形温度对合金流动应力的影响在较高应变速率时较大,在较低应变速率时较小。动态再结晶晶粒尺寸和动态再结晶体积分数,随温度的升高而增大,随应变速率的增大而减小。从晶粒细化和动态再结晶组织均匀性考虑,当真应变为0.92时,变形温度选择在950℃～1050℃之间,应变速率选择在0.01s-1为宜。     

高温变形参量对TC21钛合金组织与性能的影响

在880～950 ℃和不同应变速率0.01～10 s-1条件下,将TC21钛合金高温压缩变形至50%.研究高温变形参量对流动应力及微观组织的影响规律,建立了TC21合金的本构方程.结果表明:流变应力随变形温度的降低及应变速率的增大而升高,变形温度与应变速率对TC21钛合金显微组织的影响显著,应变速率越低,组织球化现象越明显.高温变形过程中,TC21钛合金的流变应力与Zener-Hollomon参数的指数形式呈线性关系.     

TC4钛合金高温变形行为及其流动应力模型

研究变形工艺参数对TC4钛合金高温变形行为的影响.热模拟压缩实验时选取的变形温度为1 093～1 303K:应变速率为0.001～10.0/s;变形程度为60%.结果表明:TC4钛合金在变形开始阶段,流动应力随应变的增加迅速增加,当应变超过一定值后,流动应力开始下降并逐渐趋于稳定,出现稳态流动特征;变形温度升高和应变速率减小使TCA钛合金高温变形时的稳态应力和峰值应力显著降低;应变速率和变形温度会影响TC4钛合金进入稳态变形时变形程度的大小.利用多元回归分析建立TC4钛合金在高温变形时的流动应力模型,模型的计算值与实验数据的平均相对误差为6.25%,该模型较好地描述TC4钛合金在高温变形过程中的流动行为.     

Ti-575钛合金热变形行为及微观组织演变

本文以Ti-575钛合金为研究对象，分别对魏氏组织和双态组织Ti-575钛合金进行热模拟压缩实验，分析不同热变形条件下的真应力-应变曲线，构建了其在α+β相区的热变形本构方程，并分别探究了变形温度和应变速率对微观组织的影响。结果表明，流变应力值随着变形温度的升高而降低，随着应变速率的升高而升高；当应变速率为0.1 s-1及以上时，随着变形温度的升高流变曲线出现了不连续屈服现象。根据两种组织Ti-575钛合金流变曲线的峰值应力，分别计算出其在α+β相区的变形激活能，构建Arrhenius型热变形本构方程。在不同的热变形条件下，随着变形温度的升高，魏氏组织Ti-575钛合金动态再结晶的程度越来越大，而双态组织Ti-575钛合金等轴αp相体积分数和尺寸逐渐降低；随着应变速率的降低，魏氏组织Ti-575钛合金动态再结晶的程度逐渐增大，而双态组织Ti-575钛合金等轴αp相体积分数先减少后增加；双态组织Ti-575钛合金在830℃或1 s-1应变速率下热压缩时，显微组织中残留少量的粗片层α相没有发生相变，βt基体中会有硅化物析出。     

应变速率对TC11钛合金α＋β相区变形行为的影响

利用热模拟实验机,在α+β两相区变形温度780～990℃和应变速率0.001～70 s-1对TC11钛合金进行等温、恒应变速率压缩实验,获得流动应力变化规律,并分析了应变速率对微观组织的影响.结果表明:变形温度较低、应变速率较高时,变形呈流变软化特征;变形温度较高、应变速率较低时,变形呈稳态流动特征.通过对不同应变速率下TC11钛合金的微观组织观察可知,当变形温度为780～870℃、应变速率为10～70 s-1时,易发生绝热剪切或局部流动等失稳现象.当变形温度为870～960℃、应变速率为0.001 S-1时,变形机制为超塑性.当变形温度为990℃、应变速率为0.001 s-1时,变形机制为大品粒超塑性.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.