Improving the sintering performance of blends containing Canadian specularite concentrate by modifying the binding medium

Canadian specularite concentrate (CSC) possesses high total iron grade and low impurity content. However, due to the poor granulating performance and weak reactivity of CSC at high temperature, the proportion of CSC used in sintering blends is restricted. In this research, the effects of fine limonite, slake lime, and bentonite particles on the granulation performance of blends containing a high ratio of CSC were studied through granulation test. Based on the test results, the effects of modification of the binding medium on the sintering performance of blends containing a high ratio of CSC were revealed by the sintering pot test. Both the granulation property and sintering performance of blends with a high proportion of CSC were improved by modifying the binding medium.     

烧结混合料适宜制粒水分的预测

水分是影响铁矿混合料制粒、烧结的重要因素.研究结果表明,随着制粒水分增加,制粒后混合料中细粒级颗粒含量减少,平均粒径增大,透气性迅速提高但随后增幅放缓或有所下降.透气性增幅达到缓和的水分点可作为适宜制粒水分的判据,且烧结速度在适宜制粒水分时达到最大值.通过筛分分级的方法将混合料分成-0.5 mm的黏附粉和+0.5 mm的核颗粒,并检测核颗粒的比例X+0.5,通过饱和吸水法检测黏附粉的最大毛细水量Wp,通过离心法检测核颗粒的持水量Wc,另外根据数学模型W=X+0.5.Wc+0.72(1-X+0.5).Wp预测适宜的制粒水分.适宜制粒水分绝对误差为±0.3%的情况下预测准确率可达93.3%,能满足混合料适宜制粒水分预测对精度的要求.     

Influencing factors and mechanism of water absorption process of iron ores during sintering

The appropriate content and distribution of sinter moisture play an important role in the granulation of iron ores. In this study, the effects of porosity, size distribution, and particle shape on the water absorption rate (WAR) of four types of iron ores were analyzed by using the immersion method and capillary water absorption method. In addition, the mechanism underlying the water absorption process in iron ores was unraveled. It is found that the WARs of iron ores decrease quickly with the increase in water absorption time at the initial stages of water absorption. With further increase in absorption time, the WARs decrease gradually, until near 0. Iron ores with higher porosity, smaller particle size, and plate-like structure have the higher WARs. Compared with pores in the single-particle iron ore, voids among particles in the multi-particle iron oxide play an important role at the initial stages of water absorption. The water absorption mechanism of all single-particle and multi-particle iron ores analyzed in this study includes four steps, wherein the first three steps play a significant role in the sintering process.     

细磨海砂矿烧结特性及其对烧结矿质量影响机理

通过细磨海砂矿研究其粒级分布、微观结构和烧结高温特性的变化,结合烧结杯试验、扫描电镜能谱分析等研究方法考察海砂矿粒级分布对烧结矿质量的作用机理.经细磨后海砂矿颗粒不规则程度增大,制粒性能得到改善.随着海砂矿粒度变细,其烧结高温特性呈现出与普通铁矿粉相反规律,其中海砂矿3(细磨25 min的海砂矿)与海砂矿1(未经细磨的海砂矿)相比,同化温度升高21℃,1280℃时液相流动性指数减小0.35,细磨后海砂矿与CaO反应生成钙钛矿增多,阻碍同化反应进行,生成的液相黏度增大.配加8%海砂矿3的烧结矿与配加相同比例海砂矿1相比,还原性提高3.8%,细磨后海砂矿在混合料中分布更加均匀,造成烧结矿中含钛物相质点增多,还原中产生众多微细裂纹,利于还原气体扩散.     

螺旋溜槽中的二次环流和矿粒运动轨迹的研究

本文运用量级比较法,推导出螺旋溜槽中层流区的径向流速公式,用萤光微丝显示出水流表面和底面附近的速度方向,确证螺旋溜糖水流中存在二次环流.通过对-0.3+0.2,-0.2+0.15,-0.15+0.105mm三种粒度的磁铁矿颗粒在液流中的运动轨迹的计算和测定,明确了螺旋溜槽结构参数与矿物粒度特性之间的关系.即选别细粒矿物较之选别粗粒矿物的螺旋溜槽,前者的圈数应少些.     

铁矿粉烧结液相流动特性

在铁矿粉烧结过程中,铁矿粉与CaO反应生成的液相的流动特性,是衡量烧结混合料能否有效粘结的重要指标之一.采用微型烧结法和基于流动面积的粘度测量法,以10种常用进口铁矿粉为对象,研究其液相流动特性及其影响因素.分析了铁矿粉的液相流动特性对实际烧结过程的影响.结果表明:不同种类的铁矿粉由于其自身特性的不同,所生成的液相的流动能力及其随温度、碱度的变化规律有很大差异.     

铁矿粉液相流动性的主要液相生成特征因素解析

烧结矿是我国高炉炼铁的主要原料,烧结矿质量将直接影响高炉冶炼及炼铁工序的经济技术指标.因此,基于铁矿粉的高温特性进行优化配矿从而改善烧结矿的产质量对于炼铁工序节能增效具有十分重要的现实意义.铁矿粉的液相流动性是非常重要的烧结高温特性指标,适宜的液相流动性可以使烧结矿获得较高的固结强度.本文模拟实际烧结黏附粉层中铁矿粉颗粒与钙质熔剂质点的接触状态,采用FastSage热力学计算和微型烧结可视化试验方法研究了固定CaO配比条件下铁矿粉的液相流动性及其主要的热力学液相生成特征影响因素.研究结果表明,采用固定CaO配比与固定碱度的熔剂配加方式下,铁矿粉的液相流动性规律明显不同.铁矿粉的液相生成量是影响其液相流动性的最主要液相生成特征因素,液相生成量越多则铁矿粉的液相流动性指数越大.铁矿粉液相流动性的配合性机制是基于其液相生成量的线性叠加原则.脉石矿物含量将在一定程度上影响铁矿粉的液相流动性,随着SiO2含量的升高铁矿粉的液相生成量减少,从而导致液相流动性指数显著降低;而Al2 O3含量增加,液相流动性指数略有升高.     

雨季广州大气中的硝酸盐粒子

对雨季广州大气中的硝酸盐粒子进行了两年的观察 .粒子被分为两部分 :粗大粒子 (r >1.0 μm )和微小粒子 (r≤ 1.0 μm ) .用离子色谱对粒子总量进行了总体分析 ,用复合薄膜法和X_射线分析法对单个粒子进行了分析 .总体分析结果表明 ,粗大粒子中的NO- 3、Ca2 +和Na+含量比微小粒子中的高 .对单个粒子的分析发现 ,硝酸盐粒子不仅存在于粗大粒子中 ,而且也存在于微小粒子中 ,证明硝酸能凝结在海盐上形成粗大硝酸盐粒子 ,粗大硝酸盐粒子有可能起着最终消除广州大气中硝酸的作用 .     

旱季广州大气中的硝酸盐粒子

利用复合薄膜法和总体分析,对旱季广州大气中的硝酸盐粒子进行了4年的观察.粒子通过一个二级粒子撞击器分为二部分粗大粒子(r>1.0μm)和微小粒子(r≤1.0tm).在电子显微镜下,一个粒子中所含的NO     

细粒菱铁矿、石英和赤铁矿吸附团聚的机理

含菱铁矿难选铁矿石在磨矿作业过程中,菱铁矿极易泥化,并大量吸附在脉石和有用矿物的表面上,恶化了后续选别作业.为了查明微细粒菱铁矿、石英和赤铁矿在矿浆中吸附团聚的本质及规律,利用DLVO理论探讨了微细粒菱铁矿与粗粒石英、微细粒菱铁矿与赤铁矿及细粒菱铁矿之间的作用机理.计算结果表明:微细粒菱铁矿容易吸附罩盖在粗粒石英和赤铁矿表面,微细粒菱铁矿和微细粒赤铁矿相互作用发生团聚现象,而微细粒菱铁矿之间不发生吸附团聚现象.     

Interactive effect of minerals on complex ore flotation: A brief review

Froth flotation is the most effective industrial method used to separate fine-grained minerals. The main problem of complex ore flotation is the negative effect of interactions among minerals in slurry, leading to variation in surface properties during separation. In this review,studies on the interactive effect among minerals on the flotation of iron ores, magnesite ores, and scheelite ores are summarized, and the main problems and mechanisms that diminish the separation efficiency of minerals are revealed in detail. Recent research progress on the flotation of these ores has confirmed that mineral aggregation, coating, and dissolution, as well as other factors caused by interacting behavior, explain the depressing effects of fine particles on mineral separation. Solvable methods for these effects are further discussed. Novel flotation processes and more selective reagents are critical for further investigations on various approaches to improve the beneficiation efficiency of these ores.This review aims to provide a good reference for conducting studies related to complex ore flotation.     

一种难选铁矿石磁选精矿直接反浮选的分散特征

介绍了一种处理难选铁矿石磁选精矿的直接反浮选工艺.采用XRD,SEM和EDS等手段对原矿、精矿和尾矿的形貌及矿物组成进行了表征,重点探讨了分离过程中矿物的分散特征,为含碳酸盐难选铁矿石磁选精矿的直接反浮选技术提供理论基础.研究结果表明,采用添加分散剂直接反浮选技术可以获得合格铁精矿;有用铁矿物和脉石矿物细颗粒无选择性粘附在有用铁矿物和脉石粗颗粒表面,是造成铁矿石分离困难的主要原因;分散剂的加入有利于颗粒分散,从而实现了有用铁矿物与脉石矿物的选择性分离.     

新型捕收剂在赤铁矿反浮选中的应用

通过人工混合矿和实际矿石分选实验探讨了N-十二烷基乙二胺(ND)在赤铁矿反浮选中的应用情况.实验结果表明.ND对赤铁矿和石英质量比为1:1和3:2的人工混合矿均具有一定的分选能力.在矿浆pH值为7.27、淀粉的质量浓度为3.33 mg/L、捕收剂的质量浓度为40 mg/L时,可获得铁的质量分数为60.36%和61.20...     

Sintering characteristics of fluxes and their structure optimization

Sintering characteristics of common fluxes and sintering blending ores, such as mineralization capacity, liquid generation capacity, consolidation strength, were examined to master the behavior and effect of fluxes in sintering. Based on fundamental studies, sinter pot tests were carried out to obtain the principles of optimizing the sinter flux structure. The results showed that strong mineralization capacity, liquid phase generation capacity, and consolidation strength were obtained as sintering blending ores combined with the calcareous flux, while relatively poor sintering characteristics were obtained as sintering blending ores combined with the magnesian flux. High reactive quicklime should be used as much as possible in the sintering mixture. It reached better sintering results while quicklime was used instead of limestone and its appropriate proportion in the sintering mixture was around 4wt%. On the premise of ensuring the MgO content, the dolomite amount should be decreased, and the substitution of quicklime for dolomite caused better sintering results. The granularity of serpentine should be refined with a proper size smaller than 2 mm. The application of the divided addition method brought the best sintering performance with 30wt% of quicklime and 70wt% of fuel.     

NiFe2O4尖晶石粒度级配对振实效率的影响

根据Furnas模型及线性堆积理论,研究了两种粒径颗粒的级配及细颗粒体积分数对NiFe2O4尖晶石基料振实堆积效率及空隙率的影响,发现随着粗细颗粒粒径比(R)的增大,NiFe2O4尖晶石基料振实堆积效率(E)也相应增大,空隙率减小,且当细颗粒体积分数为30%～40%时,体系的振实堆积效率最大·将粒度分布最宽即粗颗粒尺寸为1 00～0 85mm的试验结果与理论计算值相比较,发现当R≤5时,Furnas模型适用于该体系,但当R≥7时,Furnas模型中的参数C2为6时更适合·     

鞍山式赤铁矿石球磨磨矿动力学研究

应用MATLAB软件对鞍山式赤铁矿磨矿瞬时速度进行研究.矿料在球磨过程中经历"粗粒级快速碎磨-中粒级动态碎磨-中粒级单一碎磨"三个固有阶段.0.043~0.031 mm粒级比0.105~0.043 mm粒级更早进入动态碎磨状态,容易出现细粒级过粉碎.与圆锥破碎机产品相比,高压辊磨机产品在磨矿中各阶段的转折时间显著缩短,但会更早出现细粒级过粉碎.生产中通过提高高压辊磨机产品的入磨量来缩短球磨时间,在提高选厂的处理能力的同时减弱排矿产品细粒级过粉碎.     

铁矿粉烧结粘结相自身强度特性

在铁矿粉烧结过程中,熔化的矿粉在冷却过程中起着粘结周围未熔矿粉的作用,因此这一粘结相的自身强度是衡量烧结矿固结状况的重要指标之一.运用这一新概念,以八种常用的铁矿粉为对象,在固定温度、改变碱度的条件下进行了粘结相自身强度特性的实验研究,并对影响铁矿粉粘结相自身强度的因素进行了理论分析.结果表明:不同种类的铁矿粉由于其自身特性的不同,所生成的烧结粘结相的强度以及随二元碱度的变化规律有明显差异.以此可以作为烧结优化配矿的重要技术依据.     

采用离散元方法评价集料的骨架结构

为了从细观结构角度深入研究骨架型沥青混合料集料的受力特征,在离散元程序PFC3D内,采用多球相互重叠的方法描述粗集料颗粒的三维不规则形状,并建立了考虑级配特征的集料混合物生成方法.按照集料粒径由大到小的顺序,在PFC3D中对各档集料进行了虚拟的逐级填充,并定量分析了各粒径集料对逐级填充后混合物中集料间隙率、集料之间的接触点数量、接触力等参数的影响.结果表明:集料混合物中,较粗集料受到的接触力大于较细集料;在较粗集料的混合物中,加入大于2.36 mm的较细集料有助于增加集料混合物的接触点数量,降低较粗集料所承担的接触力;粒径4.75～9.50 mm集料对接触点数量的增加最为显著;4.75 mm是骨架型沥青混合料的关键粒径.     

氧化铁微粒子表面积和孔径分布的测定

研究了微粒子氧化铁的表面性质,测定并计算了其孔径分布和比表面积。结果表明,用胶体化学法制制备的微粒子氧化铁,以中孔(20～50A)为主,在所测的两种试样中其比表面积分别为290m~2/g和830m~2/g。     

含钴矿石摇瓶生物浸出比较试验的研究

对含钴矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究,明确了该含钴矿石的主要化学成分、粒度分布、矿物组成与嵌布特征.研究表明,硫化矿物主要为硫铜钴矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、辉铜矿、铜蓝、黄铁矿等.硫铜钴矿大多数以单体形式赋存,还有一部分为连生体.该含钴矿石含钴163%,铜105%,铁124%,硫1500%.用实验室驯化培养的具有良好抗钴性能的ZY101菌种对此含钴矿石进行摇瓶浸出实验研究,浸出结果表明:利用优良菌种浸出,钴浸出率达8571%.对比生物法与非生物的高铁溶液浸出,生物法钴浸出率提高6326%,耐钴ZY101浸矿菌浸钴效果显著.