顶出法对细编穿剌碳／碳复合材料界面强度的研究

研制了一套表征碳／碳（Ｃ／Ｃ）复合材料界面力学性能的单丝顶出测试系统,实现了对碳纤维的单丝顶出测试。利用该仪器测定了不同工艺条件下制备的几组Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料样品的界面粘接性能,研究了界面剪切强度和复合材料拉伸强度之间的关系。     

顶出法对细编穿刺碳/碳复合材料界面强度的研究

研制了一套表征碳／碳（Ｃ／Ｃ） 复合材料界面力学性能的单丝顶出测试系统, 实现了对碳纤维的单丝顶出测试。利用该仪器测定了不同工艺条件下制备的几组Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料样品的界面粘接性能, 研究了界面剪切强度和复合材料拉伸强度之间的关系     

碳／碳材料快速CVD工艺结构性能及应用研究

首次提出了快速化学气相沉积碳／碳复合材料的工艺模型，设计出制备碳／碳复合材料的新工艺－－快速定向扩散法。这种方法能省去常规制备方法中需多次３人反复进行的中间机加工、高温热工处理工序，缩短制备周期约达１／４，制备的碳／碳复合材料的密度达到１．８５以上。弯曲强度、弯曲模量分别高达２４５ＭＰａ、４９ＧＰａ，氧化起始点将近提高３００℃。深入研究了快速化学气相沉积碳／碳复合材料的组织特征，揭示了工艺、性能和     

Ti/Si(100)体系界面扩散反应动力学研究

采用移动边界条件下扩散问题的处理方法，综合界面反应和扩散两个过程对界面硅化物形成的影响，建立起Ti／Si（100）界面扩散反应动力学理论模型，并拟合快速热退火处理后试样界面Auger深度分析谱，得到Ti，Si在相应界质中扩散系数和表现反应活化能。研究结果表明，Ti／Si体系界面TiSi2生成经历了一个由反应动力学控制到扩散控制的过渡。Si从其晶格中解离并扩散到Ti／TiSi2界面是制约扩散过程的关键因素。     

碳/碳复合材料的生物相容性及生物应用

碳／碳复合材料继承了碳大有的生物相容性，又具有优良的力学性能，在生物医用材料领域有很大的应用前景。本文总结了医用碳碳／复合材料的研究现状，评述了碳／碳复合材料的生物相容性特点，并详细讨论了碳／碳复合材料生物医用所涉及到的模量、界面及表面改性等问题，对碳／碳复合材料的医用前景进行了展望。     

碳/碳复合材料表面诱导沉积生理磷灰石层

在碳／碳复合材料表面通过离子束辅助沉积技术形成一氧化钛镀层,经浓碱液处理后呈多孔网状,该氧化钦网状结构可在模拟体液中诱导沉积出生理磷灰石层,从而实现了碳／碳复合材料的仿生活化．     

声电沉积透钙磷石和羟基磷灰石涂层动力学对比研究

借助声电沉积技术，在碳／碳复合材料表面制备了生物活性透钙磷石和羟基磷灰石涂层。采用分析天平称量了不同温度和时间的涂层重量，通过理论分析研究了涂层沉积的动力学规律。结果表明随时间温度增加，涂层的质量增加。透钙磷石和羟基磷灰石沉积都受扩散过程控制，并且得出羟基磷灰石的扩散活化能是7．24Kcal／mol，透钙磷石的扩散活化能很小，在本实验范围内不能求出，但通过比较分析，可知透钙磷石的扩散活化能远小于羟基磷灰石涂层，因此从理论上揭示了声电沉积工艺中，透钙磷石优先羟基磷灰石涂层沉积的本质原因。     

不同温度下胶粘剂粘接接头表界面元素变化行为的EDX分析

EDX 是一种研究粘接接头和聚合物基复合材料表界面性能的分析测试方法。利用EDX 对粘接接头表界面主要元素变化行为进行分析研究, 表明C/ C 复合材料从常温到900 ℃, Z 向的碳元素含量始终低于X 、Y向, 这是由C/ C 复合材料的性质决定的。粘接接头的破坏形式, 是由常温的C/ C 复合材料破坏转变为200 ℃及其以上温度的胶粘剂内聚破坏的。C/ C 复合材料和胶粘剂表面碳、硅和氧元素变化表明: 当温度低于550 ℃ 时,C/ C 复合材料和胶粘剂的热分解速率相似; 当温度高于550 ℃时, 胶粘剂的热分解速率明显快于C/ C 复合材料。      

考虑层间和界面的玻璃纤维/环氧复合材料吸湿扩散实验和仿真

为研究复合材料层间和界面对吸湿扩散系数的影响,开展单向玻璃纤维/环氧复合材料和纯环氧树脂的吸湿实验,获取复合材料的三维扩散系数。采用光学显微镜和原子力显微镜分别获取复合材料层间和界面的参数。依据实验结果,建立包含层间和界面的复合材料瞬态扩散与稳态扩散有限元模型。结果表明:复合材料沿纤维方向的扩散系数大于纯树脂的扩散系数,垂直于纤维的两个方向的扩散系数不相等。包含层间的有限元模型能更真实地反映复合材料的结构及其吸湿过程,层间对垂直于纤维方向的扩散起促进作用。纬纱对沿其方向扩散的促进作用明显。为拟合复合材料的三维扩散系数,需要考虑界面扩散性能的正交各向异性。     

沥青过渡层对C/C复合材料力学性能的影响

在2D碳／碳（C／C）复合材料的碳纤维与基体热解碳间引入中间相沥青做过渡层，研究了中间相沥青的引入对C／C复合材料力学性能的影响．结果表明，与没有过渡层，普通沥青做过渡层、中间相沥青做过渡层的三类C／C复合材料比较．采用沥青做过渡层可以提高复合材料的力学性能，采用中间相沥青做过渡层制备的C／C复合材料的弯曲强度比采用普通沥青做过渡层提高44％，剪切强度提高15％．中间相沥青的引入可以使碳纤维束间和束内的结合强度不同，从而使基体断裂产生的裂纹扩散时发生偏转，复合材料的强度和韧性同时得到提高．     

Modification of polymer properties to minimize thermal stresses in adhesive joints

The adhesive behaviour of epoxy-glass microballoon composites was studied at 25 and 75° C for plate and tubular lap joints of various combinations. It was found that the adhesive bond for various joints is enhanced through addition of microballoons. High adhesive force is observed at higher temperatures for various joints combinations where the thermal stresses are lowered and the bond is strengthened. The obtained results for various joint combinations demonstrate that high strength can be achieved when significant thermal stresses do not exist. The filler effect on some physical properties such as density, glass transition temperature, thermal expansion and Poisson's ratio of the epoxy composites is also investigated. Simple analysis indicates the differential thermal expansion coefficient between the adhesive and metallic joints and bulk modulus of the adhesive dictates the stress state.     

Adhesion improvement of copper/epoxy joints

Copper oxides have been formed to improve the adhesive strength of copper/epoxy joints. Initial adhesive strength and durability of copper/epoxy joints were compared depending upon the type of oxides, black or red oxide. Although the initial adhesive strength of black oxide treated joints was worse than that of red oxide treated joints, the durability in acidic environment was better. In order to improve the durability of red oxide treated joints, 5-amino-indazole was applied to inhibit the corrosion of oxide layer in acidic medium. With the treatment of 5-amino-indazole, initial adhesive strength was increased by 50%, and durability was improved. The loci of failure for oxide treated joints were investigated with scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.     

钛酸钾晶须改性MC尼龙的吸湿行为及摩擦学特性

机车心盘衬垫的性能易受湿度的影响而很不稳定,为了改善吸湿性对机车心盘衬垫性能的影响,在提高制品的韧性和强度的同时,获取高且稳定的摩擦系数,通过碱催化阴离子聚合反应制备了钛酸钾晶须/MC尼龙复合材料,并经过水浴处理。利用MM2000型摩擦磨损实验机测试了在干摩擦条件下吸湿性对钛酸钾晶须/MC尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能的影响。实验发现,未水浴处理试样的摩擦系数易受吸湿性的影响而不稳定,水浴处理试样的摩擦系数则能较快地稳定。纯尼龙以粘着磨损为主,钛酸钾晶须的加入大大降低了粘着磨损程度。晶须填充试样的总质量磨损率小于纯尼龙试样,但吸湿性对材料磨损特性的影响并不明显。晶须填充MC尼龙在水浴处理的条件下能明显改善吸湿性对MC尼龙摩擦学性能的影响。      

Preparation and properties of sisal microfibril/gelatin biomass composites

In this work, the natural sisal fibers were fibrillated by enzyme hydrolysis or mechanical disintegration into microfibrils with a width of 5-10 μm and different aspect ratios. The sisal microfibrils or microfibril mats were added into the gelatin to prepare biomass composites, by solvent-casting or solution impregnation techniques, respectively. The morphology, mechanical properties, biodegradation property, and water adsorption behaviors of the composites were investigated. It was found that the tensile strength of the composites was dramatically increased with the addition of sisal microfibrils. The degradation ratio of the composites decreased continuously with increasing the sisal fibril content. The addition of sisal microfibrils decreased the water uptake at equilibrium and the water diffusion coefficient. Scanning electron microscopy characterization showed that the sisal microfibrils were very well embedded in the gelatin matrix, showing a good interfacial adhesion.     

Investigation on Hygrothermal Effect of Hybrid Composites

In this paper, moisture absorption characteristics of Carbon/Glass and Carbon/Aramid hybrid composites with bo types of matrices are investigated. The weight gain of the specimens are tested at 80℃. It is found that the water diffusion in hybrid composites can be described by Fickian process. The Step-by-step model and new thermal model are developed to estimate the equilibrium moisture content (Mm) and water diffusion coefficient (D) in hybrid composites using the hybrid structure parameters (hybrid ratio and hybrid intedece number). The estimated values are in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Strength prediction of adhesive joints using the modified damage zone theory

The composite joint has become an important research area because the structural efficiency of a structure with a joint is determined by its joints rather than by its basic structure since the joints are often the weakest areas in composite structures. In this paper, the strengths of adhesive joints consisting of metal and composites were predicted and tested by the modified damage zone theory. Nonlinear finite element analyses of adhesive joints considering the material nonlinearity of the adhesive layer were performed. From the tests and analyses, the strengths of the adhesive joints could be predicted to within 20.1% using the modified damage zone theory.     

Excimer Laser Surface Treatment of Sheet Molding Compound for Adhesive Bonding

High-strength adhesive bonding of polymer composites can be achieved by treating surface with an excimer laser. A sheet molding compound (SMC) was used for the laser surface treatment for adhesive bonding. By subjecting the SMC surface to excimer laser source, the epoxy matrix was selectively removed by ablation, where upon the glass fibers stood exposed, without any inherent damage to their surface. The controllability is proved to be admirable by optimizing processing parameters. A significant improvement of the joint strength was found in the excimer laser treatment. The selective ablation of polymer matrix resulted in a maximized surface roughness, and an interlocking effect: of glass fibers at the joints. It is also possible that capillary effect draws the adhesive between the mating surfaces. This investigation shows that a high quality adhesive joint of polymer composites can be obtained from the excimer laser treatment.     

Strength prediction of adhesive joints after cyclic moisture conditioning using a cohesive zone model

This paper presents a methodology to predict the strength of adhesive joints under variable moisture conditions. The moisture uptake in adhesive joints was determined using a history dependent moisture prediction methodology where diffusion coefficients were based on experimental cyclic moisture uptake of bulk adhesive samples. The predicted moisture concentrations and moisture diffusion history were used in a structural analysis with a cohesive zone model to predict damage and failure of the joints. A moisture concentration and moisture history dependent bilinear cohesive zone law was used. The methodology was used to determine the damage and failure in aluminium alloy – epoxy adhesive single lap joints, conditioned at 50 °C and good predictions of failure load were observed. The damage in the adhesive joints decreased the load carrying capacity before reaching the failure load and a nonlinear relationship between the load and displacement was observed. Changes in crack initiation and crack propagation were also observed between different types of joints. The presented methodology is generic and may be applied to different types of adhesive joint and adhesive.     

Durability of metal joints bonded with aluminium powder filled epoxy adhesive

Abstract

Durability of the metal joints bonded with aluminium powder filled epoxy adhesive was investigated by measuring the joint strength by the single lap shear test before and after exposure to distilled water and the hot and humid Arabian Gulf atmosphere. Fractured specimens were examined by photography. The epoxy adhesive retained its strength with as much as 50 wt-% addition of aluminium filler. Moreover, varying the Al filler content in the adhesive did not have a significant effect on adhesive behaviour in either of the two environments studied. Exposure to atmosphere for as long as 6 months did not cause a deterioration of strength for metal joints bonded with aluminium powder filled epoxy. They failed almost completely within the adhesive, similar to the cohesive mode of unexposed specimens. However, a significant strength decrease was observed in adhesive joints after exposure to distilled water for 6 months. The joints failed in more than a single mode. The interior part of the adhesive lap area failed in cohesive mode while an adhesion failure mode was observed near the edges of the adhesive lap area, which is believed to be a result of moisture diffusion through the edges.