BMSCs分化为NCs的拉曼光谱研究

分离培养大鼠BMSCs并诱导分化为NCs,应用拉曼光谱仪测定两种细胞的光谱,分析细胞内部蛋白质、核酸、脂类等含量、构象和构型变化.结果发现,骨髓间充质干细胞的拉曼光谱与神经细胞之间存在较大的差异.表现为：646 cm-1处和719 cm-1处的拉曼峰在神经细胞内消失;神经细胞在1 603 cm-1处出现新的拉曼峰,归属为苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸的C—C弯曲振动;1 738 cm-1处拉曼峰在神经元样细胞中频移到1 746 cm-1处.试验表明拉曼光谱有望成为鉴别BMSCs与NCs的一种有效新方法.     

文物胶料鱼鳔胶的红外光谱、拉曼光谱及氨基酸分析

目的 分析鉴定彩绘文物常用胶料--鱼鳔胶.方法 使用红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法及氨基酸分析法采集鱼鳔胶的红外吸收光谱、拉曼光谱及氨基酸组成比.结果 鱼鳔胶的氨基酸组成中蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸及丝氨酸含量较陆生哺乳动物胶高,而羟脯氨酸含量较低;鱼鳔胶的特征红外光谱吸收峰分别位于3 294 cm-1,1 630 cm-1,1 547 cm-1及1 078 cm-1处,其中1 078 cm-1处是区别鱼鳔胶与陆生哺乳动物胶的特征峰;拉曼光谱特征峰分别位于856 cm-1,920 cm-1,976cm-1,1 003 cm-1,1 033 cm-1,1 245 cm-1,1 452 cm-1和1 668 cm-1处,具备一般胶原蛋白的所有特征.结论 通过红外光谱、拉曼光谱及氨基酸分析可以实现对鱼鳔胶的有效鉴别,为彩绘文物中胶料的分析鉴定奠定了基础.     

冰片的拉曼光谱

研究天然冰片、合成冰片和异龙脑的拉曼光谱。实验结果显示,三种样品在0~3 500 cm-1范围内的拉曼谱峰重合度很高。通过取500~1 000 cm-1区间的谱线进行分析,发现合成冰片和异龙脑在627.95 cm-1、726.3 cm-1、786.09 cm-1、857.44 cm-1处出现拉曼谱峰,而天然冰片没有。因此可推断,合成冰片在这四个位置的拉曼峰是异龙脑所致,可以作为区别天然冰片与合成冰片的指纹谱。此项研究表明,拉曼光谱技术可作为鉴别天然冰片和合成冰片的一种新方法。     

β-Ga_2O_3的高压原位拉曼光谱

利用金刚石对顶砧(DAC)高压装置产生高压, 在0～23.4 GPa研究β相氧化镓(β-Ga2O3)晶体高压原位拉曼光谱. 根据高压拉曼光谱的实验数据, 给出了β-Ga2O3晶体拉曼振动频率与压力的关系, 并将外振动谱线144 cm-1归属于平移模, 169 cm-1归属于转动模. 在18 GPa附近, 发现两个新的拉曼峰232 cm-1和483 cm-1, 由这两个峰的强度随压力的升高逐渐增强可知, β-Ga2O3晶体发生了压力导致的结构相变.     

共焦显微拉曼在司法鉴定中甄别印章的应用

利用共焦显微拉曼光谱技术,以红外激光785 nm作激发光源,对几种不同品牌的印泥、印油和打印油分别做了拉曼光谱图.结果表明:印泥、印油含酯类物质,在拉曼光谱上有1 235 cm-1特征峰;彩色喷墨打印油含醇类物质,在拉曼光谱上有1 086 cm-1的特征峰.借此,可用拉曼光谱来区分印泥、印油与打印油.此外,不同品牌印泥、印油和打印油的拉曼光谱都有各自的特征峰,利用这些特征峰可以准确地辨别出印泥、印油的品牌或判断印章是否为伪造.共焦显微拉曼光谱技术为司法鉴定中如何鉴别文书中伪造印章,提供了一种快速、便捷、准确、无损的检测方法.     

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2玻璃的热相转变研究

采用拉曼光谱和红外光谱结合X线衍射和透射电子显微镜等技术探讨SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2(SAZ)玻璃的热相转变过程。研究结果表明:SAZ玻璃经900℃热处理2 h后仍为典型非晶,其拉曼峰位于460,600和800 cm-1左右,峰形宽,强度弱,从900~920℃开始分相,形成富Si区和富Zr和Al区,拉曼峰强度随温度升高而增大,且在148 cm-1和300 cm-1附近出现2个峰值;当温度升高至1 000℃时,四方氧化锆拉曼特征峰已很明显,表明四方氧化锆已形成,且在XRD谱中观察到Al-Si尖晶石相并有莫来石晶相开始生成;当温度进一步升高时,四方氧化锆的拉曼峰更明显,同时在180~270,350~440和970~1 020 cm-1区域间出现拉曼峰,峰形尖锐,强度大,表明结晶完好;XRD谱中Al-Si尖晶石相消失,四方氧化锆、莫来石成为主晶相,同时生成了少量方石英。     

泽泻煎剂的拉曼光谱研究

利用共焦显微拉曼光谱仪测试分析泽泻煎剂.由泽泻煎剂拉曼光谱中可观察到8个拉曼峰:477,839,935,1 074,1 135,1 337,1 458和1 629 cm-1,并对拉曼信号进行谱峰归属.检测了泽泻煎剂的紫外-可见-近红外(UV-Vis-NIR)吸收光谱,最大吸收峰为277 nm.研究表明,拉曼光谱可为泽泻煎剂或其它中成药成分分析、真伪分辨和质量管理提供一种快速和准确的测量方法.     

NiSi／Si（001）声子模式对称性分析

通过极化拉曼对以Si(001)为衬底、生长方向为NiSi[200]//Si[001]的NiSi薄膜材料的拉曼峰进行了声子模式的分组,确定实验得到的NiSi薄膜的六个拉曼峰分别属于三类声子模式.其中213 cm-1、295 cm-1和367 cm-1处拉曼峰属于Ag对称性;196 cm-1和254 cm-1处拉曼峰属于B3g时称性;401 cm-1处拉曼峰属于B1g或B2g对称性.     

酿酒酵母孢子萌发的激光镊子拉曼光谱研究

【目的】在生理状态下利用激光镊子拉曼光谱系统对单个酿酒酵母孢子萌发过程进行实时监测,探讨掩盖在群体平均信息下的个体生命信息。【方法】将葡萄糖溶液加入酿酒酵母孢子悬液中诱导孢子萌发,在孢子萌发过程中每隔30min取样并利用激光镊子拉曼光谱系统测定单个酵母孢子的拉曼光谱。【结果】单细胞实时平均拉曼光谱可显示孢子萌发过程中细胞内生物分子的变化:萌发期内分别归属于DNA、蛋白质的722cm-1,1006cm-1峰的峰高基本不变,随后在生长期上升明显,说明生长期胞内开始大量复制DNA,并合成蛋白质;归属脂类的1751cm-1峰的减弱趋势明显,可能是胞内脂类物质消耗造成的。整个萌发生长过程中,源自葡糖糖和海藻糖的858cm-1,908cm-1,1084cm-1,1118cm-1等峰强度先下降后上升,表明在适宜的生长条件下,海藻糖可能转化为单糖被细胞吸收利用,当营养物质逐渐被消耗时,细胞会再次累积海藻糖以抵抗外界不利条件。【结论】激光镊子拉曼光谱技术可反映胞内生物大分子的活动规律,获知单个酵母孢子萌发过程中物质变化的丰富信息,是探索单个活细胞实时生化变化的有效工具。     

拉曼光谱对血红蛋白浓度的定量分析

研究探讨了生物样品-血红蛋白的拉曼光谱定量测定方法,分别探讨了血红蛋白的4个特征谱峰,1 356 cm-1、1 471 cm-1、1 546 cm-1、1 608 cm-1用于定量分析的可行性和定量结果的精确性,提出了在确保血红蛋白完全处于去氧态或氧合态时选取ν4谱线如1 356 cm-1谱带做定量分析的精确度最高,其相对误差仅为0.058 7,从而使对生物样品进行快速、准确、无损的定量测定成为可能,拓展了拉曼光谱的应用领域.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to