试析亚里士多德的公民思想

公民这一概念源自西方,古希腊城邦孕育了最早的公民观念.亚里士多德是古希腊政治理论的集大成者,是最早提出公民理论的学者.作为西方公民理论的源头,亚里士多德的公民思想涉及到公民与城邦的关系、公民资格和公民政体等问题.亚里士多德的公民理论对今天我国公民意识教育有着重要的启示作用.     

试论阿凯亚城邦联盟"辛诺多斯"和"辛克莱托斯"的组成

阿凯亚城邦联盟是希腊化时期希腊本土地区最有影响力的政权之一,其政治体制作为古希腊城邦联盟制的代表,值得关注."辛诺多斯"和"辛克莱托斯"是阿凯亚城邦联盟的公民集会,是阿凯亚城邦联盟政治体系运作中的核心.本文从波利比乌斯<历史>的一段文本出发,讨论"辛诺多斯"和"辛克莱托斯"的组成.     

正德性与兴礼乐——孔子正名思想的理论内涵及其方法学意义

正名的目标,指向"兴礼乐"的人伦价值系统重建.但它并非一般所认为的"复周礼"或以周礼矫正现实,而是一种以德性的回复为进路的价值重建.孔子正名论所要求的"言",是有德者必有言,言而世为天下则意义上的言,体现了一种对至善价值的终极性指向.孔子正名,首先落脚于对社会德性及其表征的德目系统的正本清源,对涉及到为流俗所熟知,朱紫难辨,易于混淆其本质差异的德性及名目的区分界定,尤其严格.正名在孔子的思想系统中,具有一种方法学意义上的普遍性."礼以义起",德性内涵的厘清和价值尺度的重建对于礼乐系统的奠基作用,赋予了"正名"之"兴礼乐"的人伦价值系统建构以批判性和创造性的意义.     

企业:一种文化共同体

在现代社会中,文化和共同体的特征明显体现,它为现代企业的发展将带来划时代的影响.企业不仅生产一种产品,也生产一种文化和价值,现代企业将会形成一种新的结构模式:文化共同体.中国文化理念所体现的整体、和谐的共同体精神为现代企业提供了成长的土壤,"文化共同体"的结构模式为中国企业提供了新发展思路.企业既作为生产共同体又作为文化共同体在现代社会竞争发展战略中将建立新的发展模式.     

亚里士多德的德性理论辨析——基于品德养成的视角

品德的养成是人成为一个有德行的人的重要环节.这个环节不仅有赖于通过道德推理所获得的道德认知,更重要的是有德行的人应当乐于将认知转化为道德行为.亚里士多德的德性伦理从作为行为逻辑的实践智慧、作为情境逻辑的特殊主义和作为内在驱动的道德情感养成三个方面给我们提供了一个将道德认知、道德情感和道德行为三者加以结合以培育公民良好德性的综合性的道德养成方案.     

以人力资源柔性管理提升组织公民行为

组织公民行为是非角色要求的员工自觉个体行为,它有利于组织更有效率的运作,通过人力资源实践有利于激发、培育和管理企业员工的组织公民行为.但传统的刚性管理不能充分发挥人的能动性和创造性,不利于推进组织公民行为.提出采用人力资源柔性管理来提升员工组织公民行为,推动组织高效、持续、健康的发展.     

浅谈关于新干部培训的必要性

北京市卫生局党校举办了"卫生系统新任干部和后备干部培训班".我作为一名新任干部有幸参加了为期一周的课程培训.新任领导干部培训是按照中央有关规定、是组织上高度的重视、也是从干部自身成长的需要、是卫生事业发展的需要、是和谐社会的需要等方面来举办的.     

网群问政理论基础及运行机理分析

"网络群体"以学界对社会公共性的阶段性理论研究和现实探索成为产生理论和实践基础,以电子设备的普及和信息网络的发展为其物质支持基础,公民之间团结、互助,友爱、合作的历史传统和对政治共同体的认同感构成了网群参政产生的公共政治心理基础.从机制运行方面分析,网群参政系统具有双中心输入和输出渠道,包括以政治体为中心的运行机制和以普通网群为中心的运行机制.     

选举法修改的意义——推动中国民主政治进程

从选举对民主政治的影响、选举的平等性原则、选举对我国人民代表大会制度的影响、竞争性选举等角度来论述此次选举法修改的理论意义和实践意义,认为城乡按照相同比例选举人大代表体现了民主理论的基本精神和价值要求,有利于公民更大范围地参政议政,这无疑会推动我国民主政治的发展.     

20世纪末期台湾社会的成长:经验与启示

20世纪末,台湾民间组织成长迅速,形成了具有台湾特征的公民社会结构.由于采取了社会主导的放任型策略,台湾的公民社会在缓解经济衰退压力、促进社会民主、参与公共治理等方面发挥了积极的作用,同时在政治秩序维持、政治文化塑造等方面也具有借鉴意义.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.