LY12铝合金的再结晶织构及晶界特征分布

利用X射线定量织构分析术和背散射电子衍射花样术,研究了冷轧LY12铝合金的再结晶织构及重位(CSL)晶界的分布.结果表明,高温退火样品的再结晶织构与冷轧样品的织构相似;预回复低温退火具有增强再结晶立方{001}〈100〉织构和降低退火S{123}〈634〉、C{112}〈111〉及B{110}}〈112〉织构组分的作用;高强度的再结晶立方织构和一定强度的S织构共存的样品,∑7重位晶界具有较高的出现频度.     

轧制温度对双辊铸轧硅钢形变与再结晶织构的影响

采用宏微观织构分析相结合的方法,研究了轧制温度对双辊铸轧Fe-2.8%Si-0.8%Al硅钢形变与再结晶织构的影响。室温和200℃轧制样品形变织构均由α(〈110〉∥RD)、γ(〈111〉∥ND)和λ(〈001〉∥ND)纤维织构组成,但200℃轧制显著减弱α、λ形变织构,增强γ形变织构特别是1/4层的{111}〈110〉织构。200℃轧制时,剪切带数量增多、储能增强,从而促进了Goss({110}〈001〉)、Cube({001}〈100〉)再结晶晶粒分别在γ和{111}〈110〉形变基体剪切带的大量形核,γ再结晶晶粒在晶界少量形核以及Goss和Cube再结晶晶粒的增多,有效抑制了γ织构。λ织构的变化由Cube和{001}〈110〉的变化共同决定,在1/4层,Cube织构显著增强导致λ织构的增强;在中心层,Cube略微增强而{001}〈110〉显著减弱导致λ织构的减弱。     

铸辗成形环坯热压缩过程中晶粒的取向和织构演变

在不同变形温度和应变速率为0.1 s-1条件下研究了砂型铸造和离心铸造Q235B环坯的热压缩变形行为,并使用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术分析其晶粒取向和织构的演化特点。结果表明:Q235B环坯的晶粒在1000℃尺寸较小,有少量仍保持铸造状态的晶粒,组织演变的机理为动态回复和大应变几何动态再结晶;离心铸造环坯中有22%集中在20°-50°的大角度晶界。在1100℃再结晶充分,晶粒趋于等轴状;晶界取向差分布仍呈现典型的双峰特征,大角度晶界的比例为60%-75%。在1000℃砂型铸造Q235B的织构组态,为少量沿着001//ND取向线分布的{001}100立方织构和{001}110织构;在1100℃主要是高斯织构{110}001和沿着110//ND向{110}001方向移动并聚集的旋转立方织构{110}110。在1000℃离心铸造环坯的织构组态为旋转立方织构{110}110和铜型织构{112}111,Copper织构沿着ε-取向线分布;在1100℃主要为{001}110织构和沿着γ取向线由黄铜R{111}112向{111}110转变的织构,再结晶的程度高,取向密度大。     

热处理工艺对钼金属板材组织和性能影响的研究进展

金属钼是一种硬而坚韧的难熔金属,熔点高达2620℃,具有良好的耐腐蚀、抗蠕变和抗热震性,被广泛应用于航空航天、核工业及电子产业.钼及钼合金常通过粉末冶金制备,避免传统工艺制备工序复杂的同时保证了钼及钼合金的成分及成品质量.其体心立方结构和塑脆转变温度高,严重影响了钼和钼合金的成型加工性能及由资源向钼成品转化的经济效益.成型加工中常使用锻造和轧制手段进行变形,但是会造成严重的加工硬化.热处理工艺能简单有效地改善钼金属在加工过程中的残余应力、加工硬化等不利影响,提升产品的质量与性能.钼合金变形过程中,单向轧制时会产生{111}织构,在较高的变形量下,织构发生偏转,转至{112}<110>;交叉轧制时趋向{100}织构.轧制变形量为40％～90％,1200℃退火处理后钼合金板材均会完成再结晶,当温度升至1250℃以上时晶粒变得粗大,无论是单向轧制织构还是再结晶期间织构转化时<110>织构均会存在.加热速率较快(>100 K/min)的情况下,钼合金的晶粒尺寸更细小.钼中掺入Ti、Zr、La等元素,会在亚晶界或晶界处形成碳化物或氧化物,改变微观组织,提升了再结晶温度,热处理后断裂方式从脆性断裂转变为韧性解理断裂,提升了钼合金的综合力学性能.本文综述了纯钼和钼合金板材的变形量、热处理工艺参数对其组织和性能影响的研究,对简化、有效生产高质量的钼板材过程给予理论指导,同时削减热处理能耗,有助于发展绿色热处理技术,并对未来钼板材热处理研究方向提出了展望.     

GH4169合金楔横轧加工过程中动态再结晶及织构演变

为研究GH4169合金楔横轧加工过程中动态再结晶及织构演变规律,采用金相显微镜(OM)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)对30%,50%两种断面收缩率下GH4169合金楔横轧件表层与心部的微观组织、晶体取向及织构进行分析。结果表明:GH4169合金楔横轧加工过程中,随着动态再结晶的发生,晶体取向逐渐变得随机化分布;轧制表层大角度晶界数量较轧件心部多,轧件表层织构强度变化不大,心部织构强度明显增强;经过楔横轧变形后织构发生转动,原始态织构类型为{001}〈110〉,{111}〈110〉,{111}〈011〉,轧制后主要织构类型为{001}〈010〉,{112}〈110〉,{110}〈111〉,{110}〈112〉;GH4169合金楔横轧件动态再结晶及织构演变规律是由楔横轧特殊变形特点决定的。     

高硅钢薄板退火过程中的织构演变

采用传统的轧制和退火工艺制备了0.30mm厚的6.5%（质量分数）Si高硅电工钢薄板,采用X射线衍射技术对退火过程中的再结晶织构进行了研究。冷轧高硅钢薄板700℃退火形成以{111}〈112〉为峰值的γ织构（〈111〉∥ND）和以{001}〈210〉为峰值的{001}织构;而900℃以上温度退火则形成强{001}〈210〉织构。进一步的研究表明是在晶粒长大过程中{001}〈210〉发展成为主要再结晶织构组分。     

3104铝合金再结晶织构的研究

应用取向分布函数(ODF)研究和分析了3104铝合金经不同工艺退火后的再结晶织构.结果表明:3104铝合金,形变织构由C{112}〈111〉,B{110}〈112〉,S{123}〈634〉织构组分组成;退火温度和保温时间对3104铝合金再结晶织构有重要影响,在低温短时退火时立方织构取向密度较弱,但随温度升高和保温时间的延长,立方织构取向密度逐渐增加,在经350℃60min,400℃60min和450℃15min等温退火后,再结晶基本完成,立方织构取向密度在400℃保温60min退火时达到最大,约为10级,但仍保留有少量冷轧织构;随着退火温度的升高,第二相粒子Al6(Fe,Mn)和Al(Fe,Mn)Si在再结晶过程中起到了粒子促进形核作用(PSN).     

形变模式对3104铝合金板微取向流变行为的影响

探讨了不同形变模式(同步轧制、异步轧制和双向异步轧制)对3104铝合金板微取向流变的影响.对各主要冷轧织构组分:Brass({110}〈112〉)、S({123}〈634〉)、R/S({124}〈211〉)、Goss({110}〈001〉)和Copper({112}〈111〉),在三维取向空间的取向密度ω(g)沿板厚的分布进行了定量测定.结果表明:同步轧制时,各层织构组分取向密度呈对称分布;异步轧制与双向异步轧制时,各织构组分与传统的同步轧制的织构组分相同,只是表层各织构组分的强度级别明显提高,沿着轧板的厚度方向呈非对称分布;双向异步轧制下,除各层的织构组分取向密度略有变化外,基本与异步轧制相同.这种巨大的差异,主要是由于异步轧制时,搓轧区剪切应力的大小和方向不同,造成金属微取向流变行为的差异所致.     

升温速率对冷轧超薄取向硅钢再结晶行为的影响

利用EBSD技术对比分析了升温速率对冷轧超薄取向硅钢再结晶行为的影响.结果表明,冷轧超薄带中再结晶形核位置、再结晶织构类型受升温速率的影响不大,主要取决于形变组织;剪切带、{111}〈112〉取向晶粒晶界、形变带和形变不均匀区均为再结晶的形核位置,剪切带的再结晶形核优势更为明显;再结晶晶粒取向以Goss({110}〈001〉)取向为主,同时存在{210}〈001〉、{310}〈001〉以及一定比例的杂乱取向.然而,升温速率显著影响Goss织构的强度及退火样品的组织均匀性;慢速升温条件下,Goss织构比例和锋锐度降低,说明回复导致不同织构的形变组织储存能差异减小,降低了Goss取向的形核优势;快速升温条件下,剪切带内的Goss晶核具有更大的形核优势,吞并临近的形变组织完成再结晶,形成更强和锋锐的Goss织构.此外,快速升温可提高再结晶完成后的组织均匀性、降低平均晶粒尺寸.     

初始凝固组织对Cr17表面皱折的影响机制

研究了Cr17铁素体不锈钢的初始凝同组织对与皱折特性相关的晶粒簇演变的影响和对冷轧退火板铍折的影响机制.结果表明:1.柱状晶和等轴晶铸坯在轧制和退火过程中其晶粒簇演变是不同的;2.等轴晶铸坯的冷轧退火试样比柱状晶铸坯的冷轧退火试样具有更少的{001}<110>晶粒簇和更多的{111}<112>晶粒簇;3.两种铸坯冷轧退火试佯皱折特性的差异归因于两者的{001}<110>、{111}<112>晶粒簇数量和分布的不同,而与{001}<010>、{111}<110>、{112}<110>晶粒簇无关.     

Texture mechanism in some fcc-type soft magnetic materials

The authors have studied the mechanism for recrystallization texture in some soft magnetic materials with fcc crystal structure. The alloys used were 77% Ni-14% Fe-5% Cu-4 wt% Mo permalloys. Thin foils selected area electron diffraction (SAD) and X-ray diffraction techniques were employed using a Philips 300 Electron Microscope (EM 300) and an X-ray diffractometer, respectively. Investigations were carried out on deformed, recovered and recrystallized states of the alloys. The various results show that the cold-rolled (deformed) and recovered states of the alloys possess copper-type of rolling texture with {110} 〈112〉 texture as the predominant deformation texture though other minor components such as {112} 〈111〉, {110} 〈001〉 and {123} 〈420〉 textures were detected. No cube texture, {100} 〈001〉 was detected in any of the deformed and recovered materials though the recrystallization texture in these alloys is the cube texture, {100} 〈001〉 which forms over 80% of the annealing texture in these alloys. It is concluded here that the detection of cube texture in the deformed and recovered materials is not a prerequisite for the detection of cube texture in these alloys. The present work is not conclusive about the mechanism for recrystallization texture, but it is proposed here that recrystallization texture, in these alloys is attributed to the growth-oriented mechanism based on the following model. (1) The lattice domains which form the recrystallization texture are present in the cold-rolled matrix. (2) The favoured site for nucleation are the grain boundaries and deformation band boundaries. (3) For the nucleus to be able to grow and form the recrystallization texture it must possess the necessary free energy. (4) Grains must be capable of growth into two or more orientations between which it forms, i.e. the nuclei which form the cube texture should have a [111] pole in common with the matrix in which they grow and a rotation of about 30° around this pole.     

Textural Characteristic of 70-30 Brass Rolled by Cross Shear Rolling in Single Direction

70-30 brass is rolled with 90% reduction bycross shear rolling in single direction with speed ra-tio 1.39.The sheet is divided into five layers alongrolling plane normal to measure macroscopic statis-tical unsymmetric textures in every layer are des-cribed and analysed by means of three dimensionalorientation distribution function.The results indi-cate that the main textures in every layer of brassrolled by cross shear rolling in single direction arethe same as the main textures of brass rolled byconventional rolling.But the intensities,peak posi-tions and scatters of every texture component in{110}<112>are different,namely,there is amacroscopic statistical unsymmetry.It is found thatthe textures in every layer of brass rolled by crossshear rolling in single direction can be considered asthe textures of brass rolled by common rolling insingle direction at identical shear forces,themacroscopic statistical unsymmetry depends on theshear forces which are exerted on the layer.     

单向轧制70/30黄铜的形变织构及形成模型

对70/30黄铜进行不同形变量的单向轧制,用三维取向分布函数分析这种有宏观统计不对称的形变织构。根据单向轧制的受力状态描述其形成模型。结果表明:单向轧制黄铜形变织构的主织构与换向轧制的主织构相同,但其{110}〈112〉中各组分的强度和漫散程度不同,且强点偏移理想位置;有宏观统计不对称织构是由轧件所受的剪力而致,非正常滑移和剪切带的作用对其形成起着关键作用。     

Texture Evaluation of α_2 Phase in Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo Alloy Sheet

The texture evaluation of α2 phase in Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo sheet during rolling and annealing has been investigated by means of microstructure observation and ODF analysis. From the weak initial {1010} (1210) and {0001}(1210) textures a {1210}(1010) texture and a {0001}(uvtw)fibre texture are formed after cold rolling. The {0001} (1210) texture is also strengthened simultaneously. The activation process of slip systems is discussed concerning formation of the rolling texture. Because of the disappearance of {0001} (nvtw) fibre texture the primary recrystallization process should occur and the {1210}(1010) texture forms during annealing     

Influence of Widening on the Rolling and Recrystallization Texture in High Purity Al with Initial Cube Texture

The influence of widening and initial Cube tex-ture on formation of rolling and recrystallizationtexture was investigated in high purity Al.With in-creasing widening the initial Cube texture has ro-tated more around rolling direction(RD)and lessaround transverse direction(TD).Therefore,moreorientations rotate in x-fibre between G{110}<001>and B{110}<112>positions,and less inS{124}<211>texture component,which showsthe widening plays an important role in the forma-tion of S component during rolling.The relation-ship between rolling and recrystallization texturecomponents is discussed.Though the transitionband predicted by Dillamore and Katoh is alwaysformed during rolling,the most important factor in-fluencing recrystallization texture should be the ori-ented growth according to the changes of volumefractions and scatter widths of texture componentswith widening.     

温轧温度对Cr-Ti-B系低碳钢组织与织构的影响

使用扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射、透射电子显微镜和固体内耗仪研究了温轧温度对Cr-Ti-B系低碳钢组织和织构的影响.结果 表明,温轧后钢的组织由变形铁素体和少量珠光体所组成,随着温轧温度的提高铁素体晶内剪切带的含量呈现先提高后降低的趋势,在450℃温轧剪切带的含量最高.剪切带的形成,与Ti和B元素的偏聚密切相关.在350℃...     

Deformation induced Nanostructure and texture in MP35N alloys

The macro-texture was related to the nano-platelets formed during the rolling deformation of a Co-Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (MP35N) with low stacking fault energy. The deformed materials showed {011}(533) texture but also had {011}(211) and {011}(100) texture components. The {011}(533) component reached the maximum at 74% reduction-in-area. Further deformation of the material to 80% decreased the intensity of the {011}(533) component. The cold deformation introduced platelets of a few atomic layer in thickness and less than 100 nm in diameters. The habit planes of the platelets were identified to be {111}, which were perpendicular to both the rolling and {011} crystallographic plane. Therefore, the tensile strain in the rolling direction assisted formation of the platelets, which were identified as stacking faults. A high density of nano-platelets and dislocations strengthened materials and influenced the plastic deformation behaviors and texture evolution. Thus, the MP35N developed slightly different textures from other low stacking fault energy materials. The maximum at {011}(533) was related the nanoplatelets and stacking fault energy. The {011}(112) and {110}(001)components could be linked to the low stacking fault energy.     

中间退火对高纯铝箔立方织构的影响

采用晶体取向分布函数（ODF）研究和分析了中间退火对高纯铝箔立方织构的影响。研究结果表明：中间退火对高纯铝箔冷轧形变织构影响不大,但对成品退火箔材中立方织构和R织构含量产生重要影响,在300C/2h中间退火条件下,成品箔材中再结晶立方织构物取向密度最大,R织构含量较小。     

3%Si电工钢铸坯中柱状晶的形变、再结晶行为及织构演变规律

利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究3%(质量分数)Si电工钢铸坯中柱状晶的形变、再结晶行为及织构演变规律。结果表明:柱状晶长轴分别沿轧向、横向和法向放置,具有不同的初始织构。热轧后,表层形成的3种剪切取向中高斯取向较容易形成。中心区,RD样品中的α和γ线轧制取向,TD样品中的强γ线取向,ND样品中的强{100}取向以及各样品中的立方取向,均表现出明显的初始取向依赖性。冷轧后,RD,TD样品中的强{111}〈112〉取向来自热轧板中的高斯取向,ND样品中的强旋转立方取向遗传自初始{100}取向。受初始取向偏差及大晶粒尺寸影响,ND样品中的旋转立方取向晶粒内取向梯度较大。退火后,样品中心大尺寸的{100}取向晶粒是柱状晶初始取向遗传性的表现。