聚丙烯酰胺疏水缔合衍生物研究进展

聚丙烯酰胺疏水缔合衍生物是一类重要的水溶性聚合物 ,由于疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的耐温耐盐抗剪切性能和贮存稳定性 ,使其在工业生产中得到日益广泛的应用。综述了疏水缔合衍生物的特殊性能、合成方法及工业应用     

疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺驱油剂的合成与性能评价

针对聚丙烯酰胺的研究现状及其应用中存在的问题,研制出一种抗温、抗盐性能较强,具有一定增粘性能的新型疏水缔合水溶性聚合物。本文通过较为简易的酸醇直接酯化法合成了一种丙烯酸正辛酯,确定了最适宜的合成条件;将该疏水单体与丙烯酰胺采用胶束共聚法合成了一种新型疏水缔合水溶性聚合物,考察了聚合物浓度、盐及温度等对疏水缔合共聚物溶液表观粘度的影响,实验结果表明,合成的聚合物具有良好的耐温抗盐性能。     

疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺的研究进展

疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺（HAPAM）是疏水缔合水溶性聚合物（HAWSP）中研究最多的一种,它可以通过共聚反应在聚丙烯酰胺中引人少量疏水基团而得到。由于疏水基团的憎水作用,共聚物水溶液中产生分子间缔合作用,从而具有独特的流变性能。在石油开采、污泥处理、涂料工业及生物医学等方面具有良好的应用前景。综述了国内外学者在HAPAM的合成、性质和应用等方面的研究进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

疏水缔合物在粘表面吸附特性的研究

目前国内外围绕疏水缔合水溶性共聚物的研究主要集中在其分子结构,合成以及溶液性能等方面,而有关疏水缔合水溶性共聚物与粘土相互作用的研究非常少。本实验主要研究疏水缔合水溶性共聚物在蒙脱土上的吸附规律。研究影响吸附的因素有疏水缔合水溶性共聚物的浓度、无机盐的浓度、pH值、温度等。     

疏水缔合聚合物溶液的性能

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物指在常规水溶性聚合物主链上引入极少量疏水基团所形成的一类新型聚合物。与部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)相比,这类聚合物的分子量不高,但具有独特的溶液性能。本文综述了疏水缔合聚合物的增黏、耐温、抗盐、抗剪切的溶液性能。     

丙烯酰胺/丁基苯乙烯共聚物组成的非均匀性

以疏水缔合效应强于苯乙烯的丁基苯乙烯(BST)为疏水单体,采用自由基胶束共聚合方法合成了丙烯酰胺(AM)/丁基苯乙烯(BST)疏水缔合水溶性共聚物(简称:PSAM)。采用元素分析测定PSAM的组成,通过直线截距斜率法得到AM和BST的竞聚率分别为0.76和8.55,说明BST的均聚反应活性较大,导致了BST疏水链段在共聚物分子中的分布存在着非均匀性,而且随着共聚合转化率的增加,这种共聚物组成的非均匀性对共聚物的增粘性能有很大的影响。当Cp=0.3 g/dL时,共聚合转化率分别为20.27%和89.07%的共聚物的溶液表观粘度分别为1283 mPa.s和296mPa.s。     

疏水缔合聚合物的合成、表征及其溶液性能研究

采用自由基胶束聚合法,合成了一种疏水缔合型丙烯酰胺-烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物。用1HNMR谱和TEM对该共聚物进行了表征。用旋转黏度计测定了不同疏水基含量的聚合物的溶液性能,考察了温度对聚合物溶液性能的影响,同时研究了外加盐对聚合物溶液形貌的影响。     

丙烯酰胺/丁基苯乙烯衍生物疏水缔合共聚物的溶液性能

采用自由基胶束聚合法合成了丙烯酰胺（AM）/丁基苯乙烯（BS）疏水缔合水溶性共聚物(PSAM).凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）测试结果显示,PSAM的重均分子量为1.6868×10⁵,环境扫描电镜（ESEM）照片显示,PSAM在水溶液中形成了疏水缔合网络结构,结果表明,PSAM的增黏能力主要依赖于疏水结构单元的分子间疏水缔合作用.PSAM溶液性能的研究结果表明,溶液质量浓度超过0.1 g·dl^-1时,共聚物具有优良的增黏、耐盐及耐温性能,在80℃时显示良好的抗老化性能;PSAM亚浓溶液为假塑性流体,具有良好的触变性,低剪切速率下在最初一段时间内呈现剪切增稠性质.     

疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺临界质量浓度的计算

通过模型设计来计算疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺在溶液中形成网络结构即黏度发生突变时所需的质量浓度,并与实测值进行了比较。研究结果表明,对于疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺,在蒸馏水中,计算出的疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的临界质量浓度小于实际测量值,二者差距较大;在盐浓度为0．3-0．8 mol／L,采用松散排列模型得到的临界质量浓度与实际测量值很接近,采用紧密接触模型得到的临界质量浓度则比实测值略大;相反,在盐浓度为1 mol/L．的溶液中,采用松散排列模型得到的临界质量浓度与实际测量值的差距较大,采用紧密接触模型得到的临界质量浓度与实测值很接近。而在相同条件下,聚丙烯酰胺Mo-4000的临界质量浓度的计算值均比实际测量值小, 并且差距较大。     

不同引发体系作用下合成疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺衍生物的研究

摘 要 疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺衍生物是一种大分子主链或侧链上含有少量疏水基团的新型水溶性功能高分子材料，在水溶液中具有良好的耐盐、耐温、增粘作用和贮存稳定性。利用分散聚合法，研究了采用不同体系的自由基引发剂及引发剂摩尔组成对聚合反应时间和聚合物分子量的影响，最终选择一种较好的引发体系。     

ATR-FTIR and SEM Gradient Study of Poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate)/Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro acetone) Blends

The segregation structure and the gradient structure of poly(2-ethylhexylacrylate) (P2-EHA)/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro acetone) [P(VDF-HFA)] blends were confirmed by ATR-FTIR and SEM. For the P2-EHA/P(VDF-HFA) (50/50) blend, the P(VDF-HFA) and P2-EHA layers were observed at the free surface side and bottom side, respectively. The gradient structure was obtained for the P2-EHA/P(VDF-HFA) (30/70) blend. The domain morphology of a cross section of the P2-EHA/P(VDF-HFA) (50/50) blend was dramatically changed by the thickness of the blend film. Finally, we propose that the segregation structure and gradient structure formed in P2-EHA/ P(VDF-HFA) blends were caused by surface tension difference, rate of phase separation, rate of solvent evaporation, and molecular weight difference.     

ATR-FTIR and SEM Gradient Study of Poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate)/Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro acetone) Blends

The segregation structure and the gradient structure of poly(2-ethylhexylacrylate) (P2-EHA)/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro acetone) [P(VDF-HFA)] blends were confirmed by ATR-FTIR and SEM. For the P2-EHA/P(VDF-HFA) (50/50) blend, the P(VDF-HFA) and P2-EHA layers were observed at the free surface side and bottom side, respectively. The gradient structure was obtained for the P2-EHA/P(VDF-HFA) (30/70) blend. The domain morphology of a cross section of the P2-EHA/P(VDF-HFA) (50/50) blend was dramatically changed by the thickness of the blend film. Finally, we propose that the segregation structure and gradient structure formed in P2-EHA/ P(VDF-HFA) blends were caused by surface tension difference, rate of phase separation, rate of solvent evaporation, and molecular weight difference.     

Synthesis and caracterization of macromonomers of poly (2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-allyl by an acid exchanged clay as eco-catalyst

The different polymer networks were constructed by two kinds of associations, one is host-guest inclusion between P(AM/A-β-CD/NaA) and P(AM/BHAM/NaA), and the other is hydrophobic association of P(AM/BHAM/NaA). Under the high-speed shearing, the viscosity survival and recovery rate of different systems were investigated. The results show the inclusion complex (CD:BHAM = 2:1) has excellent shearing resistance performance, and it was also verified by dynamic light scattering (DLS). This is mainly because the strength of inclusive association is stronger than that of hydrophobic one. The conclusion was proved by time-temperature superposition as well. It shows that the activation energy E _a of the inclusion complex (CD:BHAM = 2:1), which represents the strength of association, has a maximum value, while the activation energy E _b of P(AM/BHAM/NaA) has also a maximum one because of the multiple associative sites of hydrophobic associations. The activation energy values of the inclusion complex (CD:BHAM = 1:1) are intermediate since there are two kinds of associations in this solution. This is exactly the reason that the complex (CD:BHAM = 1:1) has the best emulsifying property. Moreover, the conclusions related to emulsifying property have been verified by using a laser particle size analyzer and Turbiscan lab stability.     

新型孪尾疏水改性聚合物／表面活性剂的溶液性能研究

采用前加碱胶束共聚-共水解法制备了丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸钠和新型孪尾疏水单体N,N-二正辛基丙烯酰胺的三元共聚物P(AM/NaAA/DiC8AM),利用FTIR和1H-NMR确定了共聚物的结构,测定了共聚物/表面活性剂复合体系水溶液的表观粘度,研究了表面活性剂种类、温度、电解质、剪切速率等因素对复合体系溶液表观粘度的影响。P(AM/NaAA/DiC8AM)/SDS和P(AM/NaAA/DiC8AM)/CTAB复合体系的溶液表观粘度与HPAM共聚物溶液相比有明显的提高,疏水单体含量越大,复合体系的溶液表观粘度越大,且其溶液具有一定的耐温、耐盐和抗剪切性。     

P(AM/NaAA/DiAC_n)与十二烷基硫酸钠的相互作用

以芘为荧光探针,用稳态荧光光谱法、粘度法研究了疏水缔合水溶性聚合物聚(丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸钠/N,N-双烯丙基N-烷基胺)[P(AM/NaAA/D iACn)(n=12,14,16)]与阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的疏水缔合行为。随SDS浓度的增加,I1/I3比值不断减小,得到SDS的临界胶束浓度(cm c)约为8×10-8mol/L。水溶液的表观粘度随SDS质量浓度的增加急剧上升,超过一定浓度后又急剧下降;粘度增加的幅度随疏水链长度增加。结果表明,P(AM/NaAA/D iACn)与SDS可形成混合胶束,发生较强的疏水缔合作用。     

四元共聚丙烯酸酯热熔压敏胶膜的合成研究

以丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯(2-EHA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯腈(AN)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为共聚单体,采用预乳化法制备聚丙烯酸酯热熔胶,研究了单体用量配比,乳化剂用量、配比及乳化方式,引发剂用量,温度和滴加速度对反应及性能的影响。结果表明：2-EHA/MMA 1/0．6,AN 5％,AM 5％,复合乳化剂3．0％,引发剂过硫酸钾0．3％,80～85℃,反应4h,丙烯酸酯橡胶分子量在10万以上时,制得的热熔压敏胶膜综合性能良好。     

耐高温丙烯酸酯压敏胶的研制

以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯(2-EHA)为软单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为硬单体、环氧树脂(EP)为改性单体、丙烯酰胺(AM)为内交联剂、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂以及乙酸乙酯/乙醇为混合溶剂,采用溶液聚合法制备出一种耐高温溶剂型丙烯酸酯PSA(压敏胶)。研究了单体、引发剂和交联剂等对PSA性能的影响。结果表明:当w(2-EHA)=20%、w(MMA)=13%、w(BPO)=0.5%和w(AM)=0.6%时,PSA的综合性能相对最好;当w(EP)=5%时,PSA的耐高温性能显著提高。     

Study on the morphology of the hydrophobically‐modified polyelectrolyte in aqueous solution by AFM measurements

This work focuses on the AFM study of the aggregation morphology and association mechanism of the hydrophobically‐association water‐soluble polymer P (AM‐AA‐BPAM) in aqueous solution. It shows that the P (AM‐AA‐BPAM) molecule chain, which has hydrophobic and hydrophilic ionic groups, forms the “spherical” aggregations as micelles below 0.2 g · dL^?1, and then connect each other to form the string‐like aggregations, which produce large viscosity for the polymer solution. It is also coincident with the FCS, DLS, and viscosity study result. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1175–1178, 2004     

AM/AMPS/SMA三元共聚物的合成及其性能研究

采用自由基胶束聚合法制备了丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸十八酯/2-甲基-2-丙烯酰胺基丙磺酸三元疏水缔合共聚物(HAPAM),系统研究了HAPAM水溶液的流变行为。结果表明,在聚丙烯酰胺大分子主链上引入阴离子基团和疏水基团后。阴离子的电粘效应与疏水基团的疏水缔合作用相互协同作用,使得共聚物水溶液的粘度明显提高;盐溶液对疏水缔合作用的增强效应与阴离子基团的耐盐性相互结合,使HAPAM水溶液的抗盐性能得以明显提高;HAPAM在水溶液中可以有效的形成大量疏水微区,因而具有较好的耐温耐盐和增粘性能。