电泳沉积法制备Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3厚膜及介电性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了钛酸锶钡超细粉体,在纯乙醇中配制成悬浮液,利用电泳沉积技术在印刷铂的氧化铝基板上沉积得到了BST厚膜.通过控制悬浮液中粉体的浓度和超声振荡实现了悬浮液的稳定.电泳沉积过程中通过改变电压和沉积时间研究了厚膜质量和厚膜的厚度.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了沉积物的微观结构形貌,对沉积质量进行了对比研究.实验结果表明,当外加电场强度为20V/cm,沉积时间为30 s时得到的厚膜表面质量较好,厚度适合.实验发现1200℃烧结温度得到的厚膜致密度较好.X射线衍射分析(XRD)图谱表明烧结后得到的BST厚膜具有典型的钙钛矿结构.对厚膜的介电性能测试发现,BST厚膜有一定的介电性能,展示了BST材料的非线性特性.     

保温时间对0．98（K0．5Na0．5）NbO3-0．02LaFeO3陶瓷电性能的影响

研究保温时间对0．98（K0.5Na0.5）NbO3-0．02LaFeO3（缩写为0．98KNN-0．02LF）无铅陶瓷相结构、显微组织、介电性能及铁电性能的影响。所有烧结样品均为纯的伪立方钙钛矿相,保温时间对相结构影响不大。随着保温时间的延长,样品的XRD衍射峰逐渐增强,并且向低角度移动。SEM观察结果显示,随着保温时间的延长,陶瓷样品的致密性提高,晶粒异常长大并出现孪晶结构。介电温谱表明,随着保温时间的延长,介电性能有所降低。电滞回线结果表明,2Pr随着保温时间的延长而增大的程度有所减小,而2E略有增加。在1150℃烧结2h得的到陶瓷的性能较优：εr=2253,tanδ〈5％,2Pr=34．51μC／cm2,2Ec=5．07kV／mm。     

薄膜厚度对Y掺杂Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3薄膜结构及介电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法(Sol-gel)在Si/SiO2/Ti/Pt基片上制备了不同厚度(正比于薄膜层数)的钇(Y)掺杂Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3(BST)薄膜,研究了膜厚度对薄膜结构和介电性能的影响。原子力显微镜(AFM)表明,Y掺杂BST薄膜可显著改善表面形貌,且强烈依赖于薄膜厚度。当薄膜厚度适中(即当层数为8)时,表面晶粒细小、致密、均匀,晶界分明。X射线衍射(XRD)表明,Y掺杂BST薄膜显示钙钛矿结构,主要沿(110)晶面生长。随着薄膜厚度的增加,BST(110)峰的衍射强度先增后减,表明薄膜的相结构与薄膜厚度直接相关。Y掺杂BST薄膜显示优异的综合介电性能,且随着膜厚的增加,电容或介电常数减小。8层薄膜的综合介电性能最优,零偏压时的电容为17.8pF(介电常数130)、介电损耗为0.0057,调谐率为32%,优值因子为56,可满足微波调谐器件的需要。同时,就有关机理进行了分析。     

电泳法制备二氧化钛光催化薄膜

研究了TiO2粉末在不同溶剂中的分散性，在几种常见溶剂中正丁醇悬浮液稳定性最好。使用正丁醇作为电泳的有机溶剂进行电泳成膜，分别改变电压、时间、浓度和添加PEG（聚乙二醇）以考察这些因素对膜沉积量的影响，测定膜沉积量对光催化性能的影响。实验结果表明，在基体上的沉积量与外加电压和时间近似成线性关系，随着悬浮液浓度的提高而增大。在添加粘结剂PEG的情况下，可以增加TiO2薄膜的沉积量。在光催化的过程中，随着TiO2薄膜的质量增大，对甲基橙的降解率先是增大的，但当薄膜的质量达到一定值时，随着薄膜质量的增加，甲基橙的降解率反而下降。     

烧结温度对Ca0．6Sr0．4Bi4Ti4O15铁电陶瓷性能影响

利用溶胶凝胶法制备了钙锶铋钛（Ca0.6Sr0.4Bi4Ti4O15简称CSBT-0．6）铁电陶瓷，研究了烧结温度对CSBT-0．6铁电陶瓷相结构、显微结构以及铁电性能的影响，分析了相关机理。发现在1150℃进行烧结，样品晶粒发育较完全，晶粒a轴取向较大，铁电性能优良，剩余极化强度Pr=8．2μC／cm^2、矫顽场强Ec=57kV／cm、介电损耗tanδ=18×10^-4。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的钛酸锶钡超细粉体的结构与性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同Ba／Sr比的BST粉体，研究了粉体的热处理制度，粉体及其烧结体的微观结构，烧结体的介电性能以及居里温度与组成的关系等。研究结果表明用溶胶．凝胶法制备的BST超细粉体，由于其尺寸细小，粉体的比表面积很大，因而烧结活性更高，在1350℃烧成4h可获得结构致密的单一钙钛矿相的瓷体。     

Fe^3＋掺杂钛酸铅陶瓷的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶（sol-gel）法制备Fe^3＋掺杂钛酸铅超细粉体，并烧结成陶瓷。讨论了影响铁掺杂PbTiO3凝胶的不同因素，确定了制备陶瓷的最佳工艺条件。利用XRD对钛酸铅粉体进行物相分析，采用SEM对烧结成的陶瓷进行微观结构分析，并测试其介电性能。研究发现，在pH=4～5范围内，pH值越低，成胶时间越长，胶体的质量越好，Fe^3＋在不同掺杂量均能形成透明的凝胶。通过XRD对Fe^3＋掺杂钛酸铅陶瓷进行物相分析可知，在掺杂PbTiO3陶瓷中只得到纯相的PbTiO3衍射峰，但掺杂PbTiO3陶瓷的晶胞参数改变，证明铁已被掺入PbTiO3体系中。通过SEM观察发现，Fe^3＋掺杂PbTiO3陶瓷晶粒结晶良好完整。介电性能的测试表明，Fe^3＋掺杂钛酸铅陶瓷能改变钛酸铅陶瓷的介电性能，并随掺杂量和频率而变。     

Bi4Ti3O12掺杂中温烧结(Ba,Sr)TiO3基电容器陶瓷

研究了Bi4Ti3O12掺杂量(≥8%,质量分数)对(Ba,Sr)TiO3(Barium Strontium Titanate,BST)铁电电容器陶瓷介电性能的影响,得到不同Bi4Ti3O12掺杂量与BST陶瓷性能的关系,得到中温烧结(≤1150℃)、高压(≥6.99MV/m)、低损耗(0.008)、符合X7R特性的多层陶瓷电容器瓷料.借助扫描电镜(SEM)研究了Bi4Ti3O12对BST陶瓷微观结构的影响,探讨了Bi4Ti3O12掺杂量对BST陶瓷性能和结构影响机理.结果表明:Bi4Ti3O12是通过与BST形成核-壳结构、形成玻璃相、偏析晶界及抑制晶粒生长、改善介温特性等来影响瓷料性能和结构的.这些结果为Bi4Ti3O12掺杂改性BST电容器陶瓷提供一定的依据.     

Bi4Ti3O12掺杂中温烧结(Ba,Sr)TiO3基电容器陶瓷

研究了Bi4Ti3O12掺杂量(≥8%,质量分数)对(Ba,Sr)TiO3(Barium Strontium Titanate,BST)铁电电容器陶瓷介电性能的影响,得到不同Bi4Ti3O12掺杂量与BST陶瓷性能的关系,得到中温烧结(≤1150℃)、高压(≥6.99MV/m)、低损耗(0.008)、符合X7R特性的多层陶瓷电容器瓷料.借助扫描电镜(SEM)研究了Bi4Ti3O12对BST陶瓷微观结构的影响,探讨了Bi4Ti3O12掺杂量对BST陶瓷性能和结构影响机理.结果表明Bi4Ti3O12是通过与BST形成核-壳结构、形成玻璃相、偏析晶界及抑制晶粒生长、改善介温特性等来影响瓷料性能和结构的.这些结果为Bi4Ti3O12掺杂改性BST电容器陶瓷提供一定的依据.     

预烧温度对CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷结构和介电性能的影响

采用固相反应法在不同温度（950～1100℃）下预烧后烧结制备CaCu3Ti4O12（CCTO）陶瓷。对CCTO陶瓷进行物相分析，并测试了20Hz-1MHz频率范围和25～150℃温度区间的介电性能和阻抗谱，详细研究了预烧温度对CCTO陶瓷烧结性能、晶体结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明，较低的预烧温度有利于CCTO陶瓷的烧结，容易获得介电性能较好的CCTO陶瓷。950℃预烧后，于1120℃烧结的CCTO陶瓷室温1kHz频率下介电常数可达12444。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.