Simplex Lattics体系在优化炎痛喜良透皮吸收剂中的应用

使用Ｓｉｍｐｌｅｘ Ｌａｔｔｉｃｅ统计优化方法，对炎痛喜康透皮吸收剂的处方进行了优选。在３因素４水平上，通过７次实验，结合微机编程外推至２００次以上的指标响应范围，得出最优化处方，并经实验证明预测的响应指标－－剥离粘性、表面粘性、透皮量与实验值吻合性好，这说明Ｓｉｍｐｌｅｘ Ｌａｔｔｉｃｅ适用于炎痛喜康透皮吸收剂的背材的体外优化。     

炎痛喜康贴剂制备及体外透皮吸收研究

研究了炎痛喜康贴剂的制备及其透皮吸收过程。透皮装置采用改进型Ｆｒａｎｚ扩散池。炎痛喜康能从贴剂中缓慢释放，在扩散介质中维持２４ｈ的恒定释药浓度。其平均透皮速率及平均透皮百分率分别与贴剂的处方配比、促渗剂含量、表面粘性、皮肤状况、工艺差异有关，而与贴剂的剥离粘性、含量差异无规律性联系。     

化瘀巴布膏体外透皮吸收研究

目的：研究促透皮吸收剂氮酮对化瘀巴布膏体外透皮吸收的影响。方法：采用改良Franz扩散池法，研究化瘀巴布膏中胡椒碱的体外透皮吸收特性，采用高效液相色谱法检测透过的胡椒碱，同时采用气相色谱法，以丁香酚为检测指标考察制剂稳定性。结果：经统计学分析，胡椒碱的体外渗透过程符合零级方程，并且试验过程中制剂基本稳定。结论：促透皮吸收剂氮酮可以促进药物的透皮吸收。     

前—S2及其联合检测在慢性乙肝诊断中的应用

慢性乙肝的乙肝病毒复制指标（ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃＩｇＭ）的检测方法较多，阳性率各异。文章就本院近年开展的前－Ｓ２及其与ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｅＩｇＭ等多指标的联合检测方法。对慢性乙型病毒肝炎住院病人两组５３例分析，结果表明，以前－Ｓ２阳性率为最高，并在与ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗０ＨＢｃＩｇＭ等多指标的联合检测时，可进一步提高阳性率。因此，前－Ｓ２及其联合检测是     

不同基质的氟他胺凝胶剂中氟他胺体外透皮特性比较

目的 优选氟他胺凝胶剂基质和透皮促进剂.方法 以裸鼠皮肤为实验用皮肤,分别以卡波姆940、羟丙基甲基纤维素和海藻酸钠为基质,以氮酮、丙二醇和薄荷醇为透皮促进剂,对比研究氟他胺的透皮吸收特性及其对氟他胺透皮释药特性的影响.结果 以1.5％卡波姆940甘油基质为凝胶基质,氮酮为促透剂,是氟他胺透皮吸收剂的最佳处方.结论 优选后的氟他胺凝胶剂处方,能明显促进氟他胺的经皮渗透,效果优于其他配伍方案,为氟他胺抗肿瘤及抗雄性激素的治疗提供了新思路.     

蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体的制备及抗菌研究

目的?筛选制备蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体最佳处方,延长其抑菌疗效,提高其安全稳定性。方法?采用水提法提取蟾蜍多肽,薄膜分散法制备蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体,以包封率为考察指标,Box-Behnken Design-响应面优化法（BBD-RSM）分析筛选处方,Design Export 8.0.6 Trial软件进行回归分析得出最优处方,透皮吸收实验验证蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体吸收情况,溶出性抗菌产品抑菌性能试验测定抗菌效果。结果?通过响应面法优化的蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体最佳处方为:磷脂含量为40?mg,磷脂与胆固醇比例为4∶1,脂药比为4∶1,最佳条件下制备的蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体的药物包封率为（79.14±0.5）%;透皮吸收实验结果显示,在12?h时,表面存留率为94%,提高了蟾蜍抗菌肽的安全稳定性;抗菌结果表明,蟾蜍抗菌肽脂质体有效地延长了蟾蜍抗菌肽的药效时间。结论?改良后的蟾蜍抗菌肽剂型有效地提高了药效时间及安全稳定性。      

透皮吸收实验对九分喷雾剂处方的筛选

目的 筛选九分喷雾剂处方。方法 以稳定性和喷雾效果为指标，从19种处方中筛选出4种处方，然后以透皮速率为指标筛选。结果 处方17的稳定性和喷雾效果好，透皮速率最高。结论 九分喷雾剂的处方为：20%样品乙醇液 3%冰片 5%甘油。     

坤宁脐贴体外透皮吸收的实验研究

坤宁脐贴是中医妇科临床多年使用的协定处方,属纯中药制剂,主要由荜茇、三七、丁香等中药组成,具有活血通经,散寒止痛之功效.临床疗效确切,本实验以二甲基亚砜作为坤宁脐贴剂的促透皮吸收剂,采用体外改良Franz扩散法,对主药荜茇中有效成分胡椒碱、丁香中的丁香酚、三七中的三七皂苷R1和人参皂苷Rg1,的体外透皮吸收和制剂稳定性等进行了研究,同时考查了二甲基亚砜的促透皮吸收作用.     

一阶导数紫外光谱法测定炎痛喜康透皮速率

测定药物体外透皮速率时,常用高效液相色谱法等方法监测扩散池接受液中的药物浓度,手续繁且时间长.本文研究以一阶导数紫外光谱法测定炎痛喜康透皮速率,并与高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对比.结果表明一阶导数紫外光谱法能消除皮肤浸出成份对测定的干扰,方法简便、迅速.测得炎痛喜康在体外透过免皮的渗透速率为14.07±3.11μg/cm_2/h,制备的透皮给药系统中炎痛喜康的渗透速率为12.43±4.21μg/cm_2/h.     

糖基化终产物在白内障晶状体膜外在蛋白中累积的研究

研究糖基化终产物（ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｇｌｙｃａｔｉｏｎｅｎｄｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ，ＡＧＥ）在老年性白内障发病中的意义。方法制备ＡＧＥ牛血清白蛋白免疫家兔获抗血清。用Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ－ＢＳＡ和Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ－ＢＳＡ－ＡＧＥ柱纯     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Role of myeloid differentiation factor 88 in HSP60 signal transduction in dendritic cells

Objective: To explore the role and mechanism of myeloid differentiation factor88 (MyD88) in HSP60 signal transduction in dendritic cells. Methods:Mouse DCs were cultured from murine bone marrow cells. The DC marker CD11c was detected by flow cytometry, then DCs were divided into control group, HSP60 groupand RNA interference group. Control group was cultured under normal condition, and HSP60 group was cultured with 10 μg/ml of HSP60. RNA interference group was first cultured with MyD88 siRNA forl2 hours and then HSP60 was added into the culture mixture. All groups were cultured for 48 hours. Immunochemistry was used to detect the concentration of MyD88 and NF- κB. Western blot was used to detect the concentration of MyD88. Flow cytometry and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) were used to detect the phenotype and functional properties of DCs. ELISA was used to detect the concentration of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-12 in the supernatant. Results:The expression of CD11c in marine bone marrow DCs was 88.76%. HSP60 stimulation increased the expression of CD80, CD86, MHC-Ⅱ in DCs and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12 secretion in the supematant. HSP60 stimulation also increased the level of MyD88 in the cytoplasm and promoted the shift of NF-κB to karyon and the proliferation of allogeneic T cells. MyD88 siRNA could decreaseMyD88 and inhibit these effects induced by HSP60. Conclusion:HSP60 activates DCs through MyD88-dependent pathway. MyD88 plays a critical role in HSP60 signal transduction. Inhibition of MyD88 may be a novel way for treating disease correlated with HSP60.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Cloning and sequence analysis of β-actin gene from Aedes albopictus （Diptera： Culicidae）

Objective: To obtain the complete β-actin gene from Aedes albopictus. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from C6/36 cells. Degenerate primers were designed based on the β-actin sequences of An. gambiae, Ae. aegypti, Cx. pipiens pallens and D.melanogaster. By RT-PCR, the product was amplified, purified, cloned into the pGT vector and sequenced. The β-actin sequence was aligned and phylogenetically analyzed by the BLAST program and the CLUSTAL W program. Results: A sequence of 1132 bp including an open reading frame of 1131 bp was obtained (GenBank DQ657949). The deduced protein had 376 amino acids.Aligned to SWISS-PROT, it exhibited a high level of identity with β-actins from Anopheles, Drosophila and Culex at the amino acid sequence level. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Ae. albopictus β-actin was much more homologous with invertebrate β-actin than with vertebrate β-actin. Conclusion: The gene may be used as the internal control in the experiments of Ae. albopictus.     

股骨远端粉碎性骨折双板固定的生物力学研究

目的探讨治疗股骨远端粉碎性骨折的新方法。方法应用10件成人鲜尸股骨,造成股骨远端髁间、髁上粉碎性骨折,内侧采用聚乙烯板、外侧采用钢板双向固定,分别作压缩、弯曲、扭转等生物力学实验研究。另取10件标本进行单向外侧钢板固定作为对照。结果双向固定组抗弯曲、扭转能力显著增强(P<0.01),抗压缩能力也较单侧固定组强(P<0.05)。结论双向固定治疗股骨远端粉碎性骨折有明显的应用价值。     

REASSESSMENT OF DEFIBRASE IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE CEREBRAL INFARCTION： A MULTICENTER, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND,PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL

Objoctive To evaluate the efficacy and safety of defibrase in patients with acute cerebral infarction by a large sample, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Mothods Patients with acute cerebral infarction within 12 hours of stroke onset were randomly assigned to receive either an initial intravenous infusion of defibrase 15 U plus normal saline 250 mL or 250 mL of normal saline only. Subsequent infusions of defibrase 5 U or placebo （normal saline） were given on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th day, respectively. Both groups received standard care of acute cerebral infarction. The primary efficacy outcome was functional status （Barthel Index） at 3 months after treatment. Safety outcome were bleeding events and mortality rate. Secondary outcome included Chinese Stroke Scale （CSS） score at 14 days and recurrence rate of stroke at 1 year. A total of 1053 patients were enrolled at 46 centers from September 2001 to July 2003, and 527 patients were randomly assigned to receive defibrase and 526 to receive placebo. A similar proportion of patients in both groups completed a full course of treatment. There was a significantly greater proportion of favorable functional status （Barthel Index 1≥95） in defibrase group than in placebo group at 3 months （52.2% vs. 42.8%, P 〈 0.01）, and the proportion of dependent functional status （Barthel Index ≤60） was a little lower in defibrase group compared with placebo group （27.7% vs. 32.4%）. These differences were more obvious among patients who were treated within 6 hours of stroke onset. Patients in defibrase group had better improvement with respect to CSS score than those in placebo group at 14 days （P 〈 0.05）. Recurrence rate of stroke at 1 year was lower in the defibrase group compared with placebo group （6.2% vs. 10.1%, P = 0.053）. Patients in defibrase group had higher risk of extracranial bleeding events （4.7% vs. 1.5%, P 〈 0.01 ） and a tendency of higher risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. The hemorrhage incidence was higher in patients with fibrinogen level 〈 130 mg/dL than ≥ 130 mg/dL （10.6% vs. 3.8%, P 〈 0.05）. Mortality rate at 3 months were slightly higher in defibrase group than placebo group （5.9% vs. 4.2%）. Conclusions The defibrase is effective to improve neurological function and function of daily living for patients with acute cerebral infarction within 12 hours of symptom onset. The efficacy was even better for acute cerebral infarction within 6 hours of onset. The increased risks of intra- and extracranial hemorrhage during defibrase administration were related to the plasma fibrinogen level.     

Subjective sleep quality in perimenopausal women and its related factors

Objective To evaluate the sleep quality and its related factors among perimenopausal women. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 506 perimenopausal women. The questionnaire included the influencing factors on the sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scales (SDS), the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety (SAS) and the Modified Kupperman Index (KI). Data were analyzed by SPSS11.5. Results The mean PSQI was 5.97±4.30.Twenty-four percent of perimenopausal women reported poor sleep. Age and perimenopausal symptoms were significantly correlated with sleep quality. The sleep quality of the 45～49 age group was the poorest and the 40～44 age group was the best. The women who had higher Kupperman index were more likely to be poor sleepers. There was no significant correlation between occupation and sleep quality. Night sweat, depression, anxiety, hot flash, stressful life event, and regular exercise were significantly and independently related with sleep quality. Among them, regular exercise was a protective factor of sleep quality. ConclusionHigh incidence of poor sleep quality exists among perimenopausal women. Some effective interventions should be taken to improve the sleep quality of perimenopausal women.