7075铝合金在不同pH值NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

用Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究7075铝合金在不同pH值(pH=3、5、7、9、11) 的0.6 mol/L NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,溶液pH值在3~7时,腐蚀电位正移,pH值在7~11时,腐蚀电位负移,pH值为11时腐蚀电位最负. pH值在3~11时,腐蚀速度呈现先降低后增大的过程,pH值为11时腐蚀速度最大,达到2.122 2 mm/a.在强酸溶液中,电化学阻抗谱中出现明显的感抗弧,表明存在不均匀点蚀现象. pH值为7和9时,电化学阻抗谱中只出现1个容抗弧,表明铝合金腐蚀属于金属基体溶解过程. pH值为11时,阻抗谱中出现2个容抗弧,表明铝合金腐蚀伴随铝合金的自溶解行为.      

5083铝镁合金在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的腐蚀研究

采用扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）中的极化曲线法和交流阻抗图谱法研究5083铝镁合金在不同浓度NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,结果表明:合金在中性NaCl溶液中的腐蚀为钝化材料体系,随着盐度的增加,Cl-对合金基体的破坏加剧,腐蚀电位正移,点蚀电位减小,其电化学阻抗谱中仅有1个容抗弧且呈现收缩趋势.同时,阻抗减小,相位角增加,弥散指数降低,合金的耐腐蚀性能下降.溶液中存在强活化作用的Cl-,会损坏合金表面的氧化膜,逐渐取代腐蚀产物Al（OH）₃中的OH-,生成新的腐蚀产物AlCl₃.      

304不锈钢在模拟压水堆一回路水中高温电化学腐蚀行为

通过模拟压水堆一回路水环境,研究了氯离子浓度和溶解氧对304不锈钢高温电化学腐蚀行为的影响.动电位极化曲线结果表明,氯离子浓度主要影响高电位下的二次钝化效应,低电位下影响效果不明显,结合X射线光电子能谱对氧化膜元素成分的分析发现二次钝化效应与氧化膜中Fe/Cr元素含量比密切相关.电化学阻抗谱和扫描电镜结果表明,随着氯离子浓度增加,氧化膜阻抗逐渐降低,表面外层氧化物颗粒和间隙逐渐增大,耐腐蚀性能降低.随着溶解氧含量的升高,304自腐蚀电位逐渐升高,钝化电流密度降低,钝化区间缩小,表面氧化膜阻抗逐渐增加.      

选钛尾矿制备搪瓷涂层及腐蚀电化学行为研究

以攀枝花选钛尾矿为原料制备出搪瓷涂层,采用动电位极化曲线(Tafel)和交流阻抗谱(EIS)研究了搪瓷涂层在30%HCl溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为。研究结果表明,随着选钛尾矿加入量的增加,制备出的搪瓷涂层结构中气泡率随之增加,生成的氧化铁—铁相枝晶结构增大,相互嵌入,岛和锚状结构明显。搪瓷涂层在30%HCl溶液中的极化曲线E_(corr)随着尾矿加入量的增加而逐渐降低,腐蚀速度加快,耐酸性能降低。交流阻抗谱Nyquisy图高频区表现出较大半径的容抗弧,低频区出现弥散效应,低频区相角θ趋于5°,log|Z|～logf近似一条水平直线,涂层表现为高阻抗的纯电阻。因此,选钛尾矿制备搪瓷涂层的最佳加入量为8%～10%。     

Cr28Ni48W5C03合金离心铸造柱状晶电化学腐蚀的各向异性

耐腐蚀性能是不锈钢类材料的重要性能之一。以KCl为腐蚀溶液采用电化学分析法测试了Cr28Ni48W5Co3合金离心铸造柱状晶粒不同截面的电化学腐蚀性能,结果表明,柱状晶粒纵向截面腐蚀电位低于横向截面腐蚀电位,纵向截面腐蚀阻抗大于横向截面腐蚀阻抗,而且随着KCl腐蚀液摩尔浓度的增大,纵向与横向耐腐蚀性能的差别加大。Cr28Ni48W5Co3合金柱状晶上述各向异性电化学腐蚀性能与其离心铸造微观组织的各向异性特点有关。     

AF1410钢电子束焊接件在模拟海洋环境中的腐蚀行为

采用中性盐雾试验模拟海洋环境,研究了AF1410钢电子束焊接接头不同位置、不同暴露时间的腐蚀电化学阻抗谱特征,并结合电子束焊接接头组织结构分析评价了焊缝熔合区及母材的耐腐蚀性能及电化学行为.开路电位及阻抗谱研究表明,焊缝熔合区的粗大回火马氏体和析出碳化物易构成腐蚀电池,比基材腐蚀反应阻力小,易引起电化学腐蚀.建立了不同腐蚀阶段的阻抗谱等效电路,并对其进行了拟合.      

晶粒细化对Cu-40Ni合金在酸性含Cl-介质中耐蚀性能的影响

采用电弧熔炼（CA）和机械合金化（MA）通过热压烧结工艺制备了晶粒尺寸差别较大的Cu-40Ni合金，借助于PARM273A和M5210电化学综合测量仪，利用动电位扫描法和交流阻抗技术对比研究了上述合金在酸性含Cl^-介质中的腐蚀电化学性能以及腐蚀机制。结果表明：两种合金的腐蚀电位随时间逐渐稳定，在中性Na2SO4溶液中加入H2SO4和NaCl后，两种合金的自腐蚀电位负移；晶粒细化后，两种合金的自腐蚀电位则正移。两种合金在中性及酸性含Cl^-介质中均存在钝化现象，但在酸性含Cl^-介质中钝化区间很短，钝化能力较弱。两种合金的交流阻抗谱均由单容抗弧组成，反应由电化学过程控制。晶粒细化后，合金中存在大量晶界，参与腐蚀反应的活性原子数增加，促使MACu40Ni合金的腐蚀速度高于CACu-40Ni合金。     

压水堆一回路主管道316 L不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为

通过中心复合设计试验法设计试验,结合动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱的测量以及氧化膜形貌观察和成分测量,研究了温度(30~350℃)、Cl-质量浓度(10~1000 μg·L-1)和溶解氧质量浓度(0~200 μg·L-1)3种因素对压水堆一回路主管道316L不锈钢电化学腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:温度是影响316L不锈钢电化学腐蚀性能最显著的因素,温度越高,腐蚀电流密度越大,点蚀电位越低;Cl-浓度和溶解氧浓度对316L不锈钢电化学腐蚀性能的影响与温度密切相关,温度较低时(T < 150℃),Cl-浓度和溶解氧浓度均对316L腐蚀电流密度几乎无影响,但点蚀电位却随Cl-浓度增加和溶解氧浓度的降低而降低;温度较高时,分别为T > 130℃和T > 150℃,Cl-浓度和溶解氧浓度均对316L点蚀电位几乎无影响,但腐蚀电流密度却随Cl-和溶解氧的浓度增加而显著增加,腐蚀加剧.电化学阻抗谱的测量和氧化膜形貌的观察也进一步验证了上述试验结果.      

含铈Al-Cu-Mn合金的显微组织与电化学性能

通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,硬度测试和电化学测试等方法研究了一种新型锂离子电池外壳材料含铈(Ce)Al-Cu-Mn合金的组织和性能.试验结果表明:合金中主要含有α-Al相,Al2Cu和Al12(Mn,Fe)3Si相.铸态合金中含有大量的Al-Mn-Fe-Si或者AlCu-Mn-Fe-Si和Al-Cu-Si-Ce中间相;Tafel极化曲线测试结果表明,腐蚀处的形貌主要由腐蚀环和腐蚀产物组成.随着Cl-浓度的增加,合金的耐蚀性能下降.交流阻抗谱分析表明,随着浸入溶液时间的增加,从高中频容抗弧和韦伯阻抗组成的曲线转变成单一的容抗弧,合金转变为全面腐蚀.     

浓硫酸中904L不锈钢焊接接头的耐蚀性能

采用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了904L不锈钢基体和焊接区在浓硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为,并简要分析其腐蚀机理.实验结果表明:焊接区和基材的阴极极化曲线均为氢还原反应过程,而阳极极化曲线则有较大的差异.焊接区相对于基材,其自腐蚀电位降低且阳极电流增大,焊接对阳极反应起促进作用.904L不锈钢基体和焊接区的腐蚀主要由电化学反应步骤控制,两者的Nyquist图特征相似,均由单一的容抗弧构成,有一个时间常数.基体的耐蚀性能优于焊接区.      

锌电积过程中锰元素对铝阴极的电化学行为影响

传统湿法炼锌工艺采用纯铝板作为阴极,但随着锌精矿品位的降低,电解液中杂质离子含量增大,造成阴极腐蚀消耗增加.本文以铝锰合金为研究对象,研究锰作为添加元素,与铝形成良好铝锰合金阴极材料的电化学行为,进一步提高铝阴极的耐蚀性和电催化活性.采用交流阻抗、阴极极化曲线、恒电流极化曲线、塔菲尔曲线等分析方法,探讨不同Mn元素含量对铝锰合金在40℃恒温条件,Zn2+ 65 g·L-1和H₂SO₄ 150 g·L-1溶液中电化学行为的影响.研究结果表明:相比纯铝电极,添加Mn元素的铝锰合金电极的耐蚀性普遍提高,腐蚀电流均减小;随着Mn含量的增加,腐蚀电流逐步降低,腐蚀电位与Mn含量增加无明显变化规律;当Mn质量分数为1.5%时腐蚀电流达最低(1.11 mA·cm-2),腐蚀电位最小(-1.0954 V);零电势下,表观电流密度i₀受Mn元素的添加影响显著,i₀随Mn含量增加呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,在Mn质量分数1.5%时达到最大值3.7462×10-16 mA·cm-2,远大于纯铝电极4.8027×10-33 mA·cm-2,整体变化幅度明显,电极的电催化活性得到提高;不同电流密度下的析氢过电位和纯铝电极的整体接近,电化学过程均为电化学传质步骤控制.综合考虑电极材料的耐蚀性和电催化活性,含Mn质量分数1.5%的铝锰合金可作为理想的电积锌阴极使用.      

Influence of silicon coating on the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy

The electric arc spraying method was used to prepare the Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy coating with different content of silicon. The corrosion resisting property was measured by copper accelerated salt spray (CASS) and corrosion weightless test. The influence of silicon content on the corrosion resisting property was investigated by XRD, SEM, polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the electrochemical property of coating in the corrosion process was analyzed. The results showed that the density of coating was improved significantly since the major nonequilibrium glass-like state phase was composed of silicon and other metals existed in the Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy coating, which prevented the corrosive medium and retarded the corrosion velocity because of compact corrosion products in the corrosion embryo. The Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si coating had better corrosion resistance than the Zn-Al-Mg-RE because of more positive potential, half corrosion current density and double electrochemical reaction resistance.     

Influence of silicon coating on the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy

The electric arc spraying method was used to prepare the Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy coating with different content of silicon.The corrosion resisting property was measured by copper accelerated salt spray(CASS) and corrosion weightless test.The influence of silicon content on the corrosion resisting property was investigated by XRD,SEM,polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and the electrochemical property of coating in the corrosion process was analyzed.The results showed that the density of coating was improved significantly since the major nonequilibrium glass-like state phase was composed of silicon and other metals existed in the Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy coating,which prevented the corrosive medium and retarded the corrosion velocity because of compact corrosion products in the corrosion embryo.The Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si coating had better corrosion resistance than the Zn-Al-Mg-RE because of more positive potential,half corrosion current density and double electrochemical reaction resistance.     

Effect of cerium on microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion properties of Al-Zn-Mg alloy

The effects of trace Ce on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg alloy were studied by means of metallographic analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),mechanical tensile test,slow strain rate tensile test,cyclic polarization curve test,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test and anodic oxidation test.The results show that the addition of trace Ce has little effect on the strength of Al-Zn-Mg alloy,but can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy;The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloys decrease significantly with the addition of excessive Ce;the addition of 0.04 wt%Ce can reduce significantly the self-corrosive current density of AlZn-Mg alloy and increase obviously passivation film resistance of the alloy.The stress corrosion sensitivity index decreases from 0.612 to 0.219,which improves the corrosion resistance properties significantly.     

Effect of pH on Semiconducting Property of Passive Film Formed on Ultra-High-Strength Corrosion-Resistant Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Because Cr9Ni5MoCo14 is a new ultra-high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, it is important to study its corrosion behavior in sulfuric acid solution, which is used to simulate the aggressive environment. The effect of pH on the electrochemical and semiconducting properties of passive films formed on ultra-high-strength corrosion-resistant steel in sulfuric acid solution was investigated by means of the potentiodynamic polarization technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott-Schottky analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that Cr9Ni5MoCo14 steel showed a passive state in acid solutions. The corrosion behavior of this Cr9Ni5MoCo14 alloy was influenced by the passive film formed on the surface, including thickness, stability, and partitioning of elements of the passive film. The passive current density decreases with increasing pH, and the corrosion resistance was enhanced by the increasing thickness and depletion of the defects within the passive film. Moreover, an enrichment of chromium (primarily the oxides of Cr) and depletion of iron in the passive film led to improved corrosion resistance. These results can provide a theoretical basis for use of this alloy and further development of ultra-high-strength corrosion-resistant steel in today’s society.     

锌元素对钎焊态3003铝合金显微组织与性能的影响

研究了Zn含量对经过模拟钎焊处理的3003铝合金显微组织、力学性能和电化学性能的影响规律.透射电镜(TEM)结果表明:Zn合金化对合金微观组织尤其是析出相的形貌影响不明显,三种合金的析出相均为较规则的近球形颗粒,Zn含量增大会使析出相的密度增大.用能谱分析仪(EDS)分析了含Zn铝合金的基体和析出相的成分,结果表明基体中含有Zn元素,而析出相中不合Zn元素,证明Zn主要是以固溶体的形式而非相的形式存在于合金中.拉伸试验结果表明:随着Zn含量的增加,合金的拉伸强度会略微提高,延伸率略微下降.用扫描电镜(SEM)对拉伸断口形貌进行了分析,结果表明合金的断裂形式为典型的韧性断裂.在0.5％NaC1溶液中的电化学实验结果表明,当合金中添加质量分数为1.5％的Zn元素,合金的腐蚀电位明显负移,这不利于合金的抗蚀性.随着Zn的质量分数从1.5％增加到1.8％,腐蚀电位变化较轻微,说明Zn含量的增加使合金的腐蚀电位向负方向移动,但是随着Zn含量的增加,这种影响越来越弱.同时,随着Zn含量的增加,腐蚀电流密度逐渐增大,说明Zn含量的增加使合金的抗腐蚀性能减弱.     

耐腐蚀摩托艇ADC12-0.5La铝合金微观组织及制备

为改善ADC12铝合金的耐腐蚀性能,通过超声熔铸法制备ADC12-0.5La铝合金,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、硬度计、浸泡腐蚀试验和电化学工作站研究了T6热处理和稀土La改性对ADC12铝合金的微观组织、硬度和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,T6态ADC12-0.5La铝合金微观组织明显细化,α-Al尺寸减小,形貌变圆整,共晶Si相和AlFeMnSi相细化为短棒状。相比于ADC12铝合金,T6态ADC12-0.5La铝合金硬度达到117.7HV,提高了26.8%,腐蚀电流密度降低了10.7%,腐蚀电位上升了64.4%,腐蚀速率降低了54.4%,腐蚀表面平坦且光滑,表现为较轻微的晶间腐蚀。T6态ADC12-0.5La铝合金提高了腐蚀电位,Al-La-Cu稀土相阻碍了电子移动,铝合金的耐腐蚀性能得到大幅度提高。