实验性迟发性脑血管痉挛时痉挛动脉的自由基代谢

为探讨蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）后迟发性脑血管痉挛（ＤＣＶＳ）时痉挛动脉的自由基代谢变化。通过了对ＤＣＶＳ时痉挛动脉的自由基含量、自由基清除酶超氧化物岐化酶（Ｃｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ）与过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔ）活性以及自由基代谢产物脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量的测定。结果显示：（１）痉挛动脉的自由基含量比对照组明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）Ｃｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｃａｔ活性明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（３）ＬＰＯ含量明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。本实验结果证实ＳＡＨ后ＤＣＶＳ时痉挛动脉存在自由基的代谢紊乱，自由基介导的病理作用可能在ＤＣＶＳ发病机理中起重要作用。     

实验性迟发性脑动脉痉挛时脑组织LPO,SOD,Cat活性的变化

为探讨实验性迟发性脑动脉痉挛时脑组织的缺血性改变。对二次注血后经椎动脉造影证实为ＤＣＶＳ狗的大脑皮层，白质，脑士，小脑皮层，海马ＣＡ１与ＣＡ２，３，４７个脑区的Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ，Ｃａｔ活性，ＬＰＯ含量进行了测量。结果发现ＤＣＶＳ实验动物海马ＣＡ１与ＣＡ２，３，４区的ＬＰＯ含量和Ｃｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ活性与对照组比较，明显增高，丘脑Ｃｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ活性７个脑区Ｃａｔ活性也明显增高。     

临床和实验性迟发性脑血管痉挛时自由基代谢的变化

临床和实验性迟发性脑血管痉挛时自由基代谢的变化（摘要）刘芳龄刘多三饶明莉田玉旺郝晓淑为了探讨蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）后迟发性脑动脉痉挛（ＤＣＶＳ）时自由基代谢的变化，我们从自由基含量、自由基清除酶超氧化物歧化酶（Ｃｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔ...     

自由基与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病

本文检测了３９例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）及３０例足月健康新生儿血中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）及脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ），结果ＨＩＥ患儿血中ＬＰＯ增高，ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ下降，而且比较了中度与重度、急性期与恢复期检测结果，表明ＨＩＥ时，自由基参与了该病的发生与发展。     

自由基代谢与精神分裂症临床症状和药物治疗的关系

目的：探讨自由基代谢与精神分裂症临床症状和药物治疗的关系。方法：是否治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者各４０例分别评定定阳性和阴性症状量表（ＰＡＮＳＳ）,并测定膜脂质过氧化物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量、铜／锌超氧化物歧化酶（Ｇｕ－ＺｎＳＯＤ）和谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性。结果：与健康对照组相比,未治疗组患者ＭＤＡ含量和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性显著增加,治疗组患者无显著改变;而两组患者ＳＯＤ活性显著降低;未治疗     

帕金森病血抗氧化酶活性的研究

本文报道６７例帕金森病（ＰＤ）患者血超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）．谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ），过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性及脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）量的测定结果。ＰＤ病人ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性高于正常对照组，但ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ和ＣＡＴ的活性及ＬＰＯ量与病程长短无明显关系，也与是否服用美多巴无关。研究结果提示，抗氧化酶活性的改变可能与ＰＤ病因有关。     

自由基在大鼠全脑缺血再灌流损伤中作用机理及保精增智…

本文采用大鼠４血管关闭方法制作了全脑血再灌流模型，于再灌流后２４ｈ取双侧海马，分别采用Ｐｒｏｇａｌｌｏｌ－ＮＢＴ和改良的ＴＢＡ法测定了ＳＯＤ活性和ＬＰＯ含量，结果ＳＯＤ明显低于对照组而ＬＰＯ明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。同时观察了一种亲的中药方剂－保精增智液对自由基的拮抗作用，实验证明该药造模后给药效果不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５），造模前给药可使ＬＰＯ下降及ＳＯＤ上升，与对照组比较差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０     

脑血管病患者SOD、MDA检测意义及其相关性研究

检测８７例脑血管病（ＣＶＤ）患者血清超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）同工酶活性、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量，并对其中３４例患者红细胞内ＳＯＤ（ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ）活性进行检测，对其相互间的关系进行了探讨。结果表明，血清总ＳＯＤ（Ｔ－ＳＯＤ）、Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ活性和ＭＤＡ含量明显高于正常对照组，ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活性无变化或显著降低及ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ活性均明显低于对照组。其相关性表现为Ｔ－ＳＯＤ及Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ与ＭＤＡ的改变呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．９３２３，Ｐ＜０．００１；ｒ＝０．９２１５，Ｐ＜０．００１），ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ与ＭＤＡ的改变呈显著负相关（ｒ＝－０．８８６１，Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示这些变化可作为判断脑血管病变发展和严重程度的重要参数。     

自由基在大鼠全脑缺血再灌流损伤中作用机理及保精增智液的保护作用

本文采用大鼠４血管关闭方法制作了全脑血再灌流模型。于再灌流后２４ｈ取双侧海马，分别采用Ｐｒｏｇａｌｌｏｌ－ＮＢＴ和改良的ＴＢＡ法测定了ＳＯＤ活性和ＬＰＯ含量。结果ＳＯＤ明显低于对照组而ＬＰＯ明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。同时观察了一种新的中药方剂—保精增智液对自由基的拮抗作用，实验证明该药造模后给药效果不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５），造模前给药可使ＬＰＯ下降及ＳＯＤ上升，与对照组比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。证明该药对全脑缺血再灌流损伤引起的自由基升高有保护作用。     

脑血管病分类亚型与血脂关系的研究

目的：阐明血脂与脑血管病分类亚型的关系。方法：检测了２０８例脑血管病患者血清血脂７项指标含量。并与对照组５０例结果进行比较。ＴＧ、ＴＣ及ＨＤＬ－Ｃ采用酶法测定，ＡＰＯＡ－１、ＡＰＯＢ１００及ＬＰ（ａ）用免疫多点定标法测定，ＬＤＬ－Ｃ由ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ结果按公式计算。结果：脑梗塞（ＣＩ）患者ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯ１００及ＬＰ（ａ）含量显著高于对照组，其ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＢ１００、含量也显著高于脑出血组，且ＬＰ（ａ）与ＡＰＯＢ１００，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ相关，复发ＣＩ亚组ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＢ１００含量，首发及老年ＣＩ亚组ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＡＰＯＢ１００含量显著高于对照组。结论：血清ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＢ１００及ＬＰ（ａ）水平升高是ＣＩ的危险因素，其中ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＢ１００对复发ＣＩ危险性大，而首发及老年ＣＩ可能主要与ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＡＰＯＢ１００有关     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Summary of legislation of 1935 of interest to the department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -     

Summary of legislation of 1941 of interest to the Department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -     

Asymmetry of on- and off-pathways of blue-sensitive cones of the retina of macaques

Macaque retinal ganglion cells whose receptive-field center recieves input from blue-sensitive cones show an overt asymmetry of the frequency of ON-center and OFF-center varieties, an asymmetry not present in ganglion cells whose center receives input from the other two cone types. A similar asymmetry of ON/OFF responses is found in the local electrotetinogram (d-wave) mediated by signals from blue-sensitive cones. ‘Blue-ON-center’ ganglion cells have larger receptive-field centers and shorter conduction latencies than other opponent-color varieties, suggesting an appreciable degree of receptor convergence and presumably large cell bodies. Intracellular stainings of these neurons with Procion Yellow show that they correspond to diffuse stratified (Parasol) ganglion cells whose flat-topped dendritic arborization stratifies in the sclerad half of the inner plexiform layer. In view of the known characteristics of macaque bipolar cells and of the ON/OFF asymmetry, it is proposed that these ganglion cells are postsynaptic to cone-specific flat bipolars possibly mediating sign-inverting synaptic contacts. The results also indicate a reversal, for the blue-cone pathway, of the ON/OFF lamination of the inner plexiform layer that has recently been described in other species.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.