外部环境对风电机组性能影响分析

以1.5 MW风电机组叶片为模型,通过叶片数据采集和实验分析的方法,对外部环境对风电机组性能影响进行分析。通过Bladed软件对风电机组叶片进行仿真,研究结果表明:温度和高度的变化对空气密度和空气黏度的变化有一定影响,空气密度的变化引起升阻比变化,空气黏度的变化则主要引起雷诺数的变化,两者共同对风电机组的气动性产生影响。该研究有助于风电机组的设计研发,降低风电机组运行时的故障率。     

碱金属热电转换器(AMTEC)的电极极化过程分析

从电化学动力学的角度，对碱金属热电转换器的电极极化过程及对其特性的影响进行了讨论。分析认为，阳极极化过电压对碱金属热电转换器输出电压的影响比阴极极化过电压要小得多。影响阴极过电压的因素很多，除电极电流密度的大小外，电极反应本身的性质、BASE本身的性质、电极反应所依附的电极多孔薄膜材料的性质、电极多孔薄膜的形貌等都会对其大小产生影响。选择合适的电极材料，优化电极多孔薄膜的制备工艺，对改善AMTEC的电特性将是十分重要的。     

ON A METHOD OF SOLUTION OF MIXED BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEMS OF THERMOELASTICITY

A method is presented that enables thermal crack and contact problems to be reduced in a simple way to those of the isothermal case and pertinent solutions to be obtained. The method is valid for elastic space or semispace and for a layer that is isotropic or transversally isotropic. Illustrative examples are given for axially symmetric cases.     

生物质水热法催化液化的实验研究

选用常见废生物质木屑为原料,以分步离子交换法制备的Ni、Fe金属改性分子筛为液化催化剂,在高温高压反应釜中进行水热法催化液化的实验研究.运用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对催化剂的性质进行表征,重点考察催化剂对生物质液化行为的影响.在280℃、10min条件下的实验结果表明催化剂能有效促进生物质的低温水热法液化,以NiHZSM-5为催化剂可使木屑催化液化的总产率由20.69%提高到31.36%,且增加的产量中有机水溶物占93.92%,说明NiHZSM-5催化剂可以选择性催化液化生物质.     

管簇结构腔体式吸收器热性能的数值分析

讨论了一种新型管的管簇结构腔体式吸收器，基于网络法建立了确定各种热流的控制方程及总热阻并给出集热器及各主要部件的效率定义式，最后对热性能进行了详细的数值分析。     

THE FUNDAMENTAL SOLUTION OF THE OSCILLATION EQUATIONS OF THE THERMOELASTICITY THEORY OF MIXTURE OF TWO ELASTIC SOLIDS

By means of elementary functions, the fundamental solution of equations of the thermoelasticity of the steady oscillations for a mixture of two elastic solids is constructed, and basic properties are established.     

STABILITY OF MOTIONS OF THERMOELASTIC FLUIDS

It is shown that the second law of thermodynamics induces uniqueness and continuous dependence upon initial-state and supply terms of smooth thermodynamic processes of thermoelastic fluids within the broader class of thermodynamic processes with shock waves.     

级联H桥光伏逆变器开关管开路故障诊断

多电平逆变器包含大量的半导体开关,以级联H桥光伏逆变器为例,针对开关管开路故障提出一种快速故障诊断和处理方法。在载波的顶端或底端采样每个H桥模块的输出电压,将其作为判断开关管开路故障的判据。诊断完成后,采取相应的措施降低故障程度。该方法可在一个载波周期内完成故障开关管的精确定位。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

有机层厚度对OLED性能的影响

采用真空蒸发的方法制备出玻璃衬底ITO／TPD／Alq／A1结构的有机发光器件(OLED)。改变有机层的厚度, 比较不同厚度下OLED的各项性能的差异,包括工作电压,发光效率。实验发现无论增大空穴传输层TPD的厚度 抑或是发光层Alq的厚度都会增大器件的工作电压。发光层Alq厚度的增大还能引起发光效率的增大,而TPD厚 度的增大对发光效率的影响则是复杂的。对于上述现象用隧穿理论以及直带模型进行了解释。对制备高亮度, 高效率低损耗的OLED具有指导意义。     

FUNDAMENTAL SOLUTIONS OF THE EQUATIONS OF THE THEORY OF THERMOELASTICITY WITH MICROTEMPERATURES

By means of elementary functions, the fundamental solutions of the equations of the equlibrium and steady oscillations of the theory of thermoelasticity with microtemperatures are constructed, and basic properties are established.     

生物质快速裂解油蒸汽催化重整制氢研究进展

介绍了生物质快速裂解油制氢的研究发展过程并对其工艺过程、重整机理及催化剂研究进行了总结性的阐述,并进一步阐明目前该制氢方法存在的技术难点、研究重点以及未来发展方向.     

基于TG-FTIR的生物质加压热解试验研究

运用热重-傅立叶红外光谱联用技术(TG-FTIR),以麦秸为对象,探讨催化与非催化条件下生物质的加压热解特性,分析研究热解压力、温度、催化剂种类对生物质热解主要析出产物的影响。通过热重TG和DTG曲线,获得相关热解特性参数及动力学参数,结果表明添加NiO和CaO的加压催化热解均促进麦秸热解反应进行,降低表观活化能,其中NiO对提高热解析出产率作用更显著。通过红外光谱对热解产物的分析表明,提高热解压力以及加入适当的催化剂NiO和CaO均有利于增加CO和CH_4的生成。而且热解压力增加提高了NiO和CaO的催化作用,其中添加NiO时,在800℃以上具有更好的催化作用,且提高压力更有利于促进CH_4的生成;而添加CaO时,提高热解压力有利于减少CO_2的生成。     

生物质气化焦油催化裂解特性

以白云石为载体制备的Ni基催化剂对松木粉在700℃下气化产生的焦油进行了催化裂解实验研究，并与重油裂解催化剂进行了对比。结果表明：石油化工重油裂解催化剂对生物质气化焦油具有一定的催化裂解作用；Ni的掺入方式和催化剂的煅烧温度对催化剂的性能具有显著的影响。以100～120目白云石粉为载体，900℃下煅烧的Ni基催化剂在700℃(2下焦油裂解对H2和CH4具有很好的选择性(H2为78．3％，H2 CO为92．3％，CH4为2．3％)；100h老化实验显示H2/CO随催化剂活性降低而逐渐减小。     

风力机侧向振动稳定性研究

对风力机系统的动态稳定性问题，即风力机侧振与叶轮摆轮的耦合运动，以及由叶片静不平衡引起的响应问题进行了研究。     

氯霉素生产废水厌氧生物处理的研究

对氯霉素生产废水的厌氧生物处理作了研究,结果表明：（１）氯霉素生产废水的平均ＣＯＤ浓度高达３０６４８ｍｇ／Ｌ,平均ＢＯＤ５的浓度仅为７７１９ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ比值为０．２５３。从ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ比值和降解动力学来评定,氯霉素生产废水属于生物处理可行性较难的工业废水。（２）石灰兼备中和酸性与去除一定量ＣＯＤ的双重作用,可用于该废水的预处理。（４）反应器的运试结果良好：平均水力停留时间１．００     

净全辐射表全波灵敏度的校准

介绍了在室外用两台标准总日射表和两台黑体校准过的地球辐射表提供净全福照度、日间检定净全辐射表的全波灵敏度和谙检定其长波灵敏度的结果。数据再次证明，两者之间存在明显差异，必须加以区分并分别予以校准。使用中，当净 辐照度为正时用以灵敏度，为我时用长小波灵敏度。分析表明，短波灵敏度并无实用价值。     

CFD PREDICTION OF k-FACTORS OF DUCT ELBOWS

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used for predicting k-factors (pressure loss coefficients) for rectangular and flat-oval duct elbows. Prediction results were compared with experimental data from the literature and found to be in good agreement. The difference in the k-factor between a flat-oval elbow and a rectangular elbow is small, given the same cross-sectional area. The elbow k-factor is shown to decrease with increasing duct aspect ratio. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

INVESTIGATION OF PHOTOTHERMOELASTICITY BY MEANS OF HEATING

This paper describes an investigation of the photothermoelasticity measurement technique by means of heating. The physical and optical properties of epoxy resin (Araldite B) were investigated over a temperature range of 20-60°C The technique and equipment developed to measure the thermal-stress and temperature distributions in a semi-infinite plate of epoxy resin demonstrate that excellent results can be obtained within a temperature range from room temperature to 60°C. The heating method was also used to measure the transient thermal stresses in semi-infinite plates having circular and arc-shaped notches.     

KINETICS OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION OF TAR SAND

The kinetics of chloroform extraction from a Jordan tar sand have been studied. The activation energy of the extraction has been evaluated; for 125–180 μm tar sand it is 6⋅53 kJ mol⁻¹ in the initial stage of extraction and 12⋅18 kJ mol⁻¹ in the later stages, for 355–500 μm 1⋅0 kJ mol⁻¹ and 10⋅61 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively. These values are in agreement with the general activation energy of the dissolution of a solid material. It is concluded that the rate of extraction is controlled by the diffusion of extract. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.