船用汽轮机辅机换热器胀管试验研究

根据船用汽轮机辅机换热器的换热管与管板的材料，通过试验确定了胀管工艺及工艺参数，并分析了影响胀管质量的各种因素。     

两种针形管单排管／单管传热及阻力性能试验研究

在一低速风洞中，针对两种不同开头的高肋针形管进行了单排管／单管传热及阻力性能的试验研究，获得了相应的阻力及传热准则关系，并将其与光管及低肋针形管进行了性能比较，为工业设计应用提供了有价值的数据。     

蒸汽加氧冲管在彭城发电厂的应用

徐州彭城发电厂＃１炉在省内首次采用加氧冲管新工艺，＃２炉在总结＃１炉加氧冲管经验的基础上，进一步提高加氧浓度，取得了明显的效果。本文阐述了蒸汽加氧冲管的基本原理，同时介绍了彭城发电一期工程两台锅炉采用蒸汽加氧冲管的实际应用情况，实践表明，无论在冲管能耗及工期方面，还是冲管效果方面，采用适当的加氧浓度对蒸汽加氧冲管都具有显著的影响。     

低 Re 数下的强化传热及其方法评价

对光管、内插扭带管、螺旋槽管三种不同换热元件进行了实验，整理出了管内换热与阻力经验公式，导出了管内流动火用损失方程。根据经验公式与火用损失方程，计算了三种元件的最佳流动工况Ｒｅｏｐｔ及最小火用损失率Ｎｅｍｉｎ。通过比较与分析，得出了高粘性流体管内最佳工况为层流，及低Ｒｅ数下，内插扭带管的换热与阻力综合性能较优等结论。     

关于拱形管板与管板成形工艺研究

通过对新型拱形管板的试验研究，介绍了椭球形拱形管板的优点及拱形管板成形工艺。     

地源热泵及其应用分析

介绍了地源热泵的类型、原理及特点，并对水平埋管和竖直埋管的地源热泵与空气源热泵的经济性进行了比较。结果表明，对小型住宅，采用水平埋管的地源热泵经济性最好。     

硬质合金铰刀加工铜镍合金

阐述铜镍合金管板孔铰削问题，论述了加工该铜镍合金管板孔用铰刀材料选择及刀具结构和几何角度设计，给出加工铜镍合金管板孔的工艺参数，说明了使用效果。     

空气横掠顺列螺旋槽管和光管管束的传热特性

以横向管距、纵向管距以及管子的几何参数为研究对象，对顺列光管和螺旋槽管管束进行了横向冲刷换热及阻力试验研究，得出了换热和阻力关联式，为顺列布置的卧式螺旋槽管空气预热器的应用，尤其是为循环流化床锅炉的空气预热器提供了设计依据。图11表2参8     

循环立管中气固移动床流动

在直径1m的冷态循环流化床上，考察了循环立管中的气固流动形式，并分别检测了气、固速度和空隙率，讨论了不同立管出口阀开度和松动气量对固体循环量、气固流通量及立管平衡高度的影响。应用修正的移动床厄贡方程、修正的颗粒流经孔口流动方程及修正的气固过孔颗粒流动方程等组合的方程组，对立管中颗粒移动床流动进行了分析计算，计算结果与实验测定结果吻合较好，表明上述流动方程组适用于气固循环系统立管移动床颗粒流动的设计计算。     

钛管——钛复合管板热交换器工艺总结

钛管－钛钢复合管板热交换器具有制造成本低，寿命长，运行可靠等优点，在沿海和内陆盐碱地区以腐蚀性介质为冷却介质的热交换器上有广阔应用前景。文章介绍了东方汽轮机厂自行开发的３００ＭＷ机组钛管－钛钢复合管板凝汽器，水－水换热器在制造过程中进行的管板孔加工，管－管板胀接，密封焊等各项工艺试验及制造过程。通过研制开发这类产品，该厂占领了沿海市场，取得了良好的经济效益和显著的社会效益。     

组合相变材料换热管吸热器性能的数值分析

吸热器是空间太阳能热动力发电系统关键部件之一。传统吸热器采用单一熔点的相变材料。该文提出了由不同溶点的相变材料组成的组合PCM换热管吸热器模型，计算了换热管最大温度、工质出口温度、各容器PCM熔化率、换热管总PCM熔化率等结果。并与单一PCM换热管吸热器进行了比较分析，说明了采用组合PCM换热管可以很好的提高吸热器的性能，对于减少工质温度波动、减少吸热器质量有重要的意义。计算结果可以较好的指导吸热器的设计。     

残存气体对高温真空集热管热损失的影响研究

从理论上分析了残存气体在不同压强下的传热机理,同时以东南大学和三乐集团近期开发的新型高温真空集热管为研究对象,采用特制的排气系统和真空计,在集热管环状空间不同真空度条件下测试了相应的热损失。结果表明实验与理论分析吻合,残存气体会在传热机理和材料特性两方面同时造成真空集热管的热损失显著提高。     

热管式吸热器单元热管传热的数值模拟分析

热管式吸热器的热性能分析对吸热器设计有着重要意义，但由于其相变过程与热管传热的耦合作用十分复杂，至今仍是很少有人深入研究的领域。本文基于焓法建立单元热管耦合传热的物理和数学模型，模拟计算了热管壁温、蓄热容器壁温、循环工质出口温度及相变材料熔化率等参数，并与基本型吸热器进行比较，验证了热管吸热器明显改善了温度分布的均匀性和相变材料的熔化率。     

利用四维热网络仿真模型计算反射镜和腔体窗光学性能对太阳能集热器系统热性能的影响

首次提出太阳能集热器系统单元（微元）段分节点热阻、热容网络——四维热网络概念，并以此建立腔体式吸收器－槽形抛物镜太阳能集热器系统的集热过程动态仿真模型。利用该模型计算了抛物镜反射率ｐ、腔体窗透过率ｔｇ及腔体窗发射率ｅｇ对太阳能集热器系统热性能的影响     

Numerical Investigation of Energy-Efficient Receiver for Solar Parabolic Trough Concentrator

In this paper, a thermal analysis of an energy-efficient receiver for solar parabolic trough concentrator is presented. Various porous receiver geometries are considered for the performance evaluation of a solar parabolic trough concentrator. Numerical models are proposed for a porous energy-efficient receiver for internal heat gain characteristics and heat loss due to natural convection. The internal flow and heat transfer analysis is carried out based on a RNG k-? turbulent model, whereas external heat losses are treated as a laminar natural convection model. The numerical models have been solved using the commercial engineering package, FLUENT. The thermal analysis of the receiver is carried out for various geometrical parameters, such as fin aspect ratio, thickness, and porosity, for different heat flux conditions. The inclusion of porous inserts in tubular receiver of solar trough concentrator enhanced the heat transfer about 17.5% with a pressure penalty of 2 kPa. The Nusselt number correlation is proposed based on the extensive numerical data for internal heat transfer inside the receiver. The proposed model is compared with more well-known natural convection models. A comparative study is carried out with different porous geometries to evolve an optimum configuration of energy-efficient receivers.     

A detailed nonuniform thermal model of a parabolic trough solar receiver with two halves and two inactive ends

In this paper a detailed one dimensional nonuniform thermal model of a parabolic trough solar collector/receiver is presented. The entire receiver is divided into two linear halves and two inactive ends for the nonuniform solar radiation, heat transfers and fluid dynamics. Different solar radiation and heat transfer modes can be taken into consideration for these four different regions respectively. This enables the study of different design parameters, material properties, operating conditions, fluid flow and heat transfer performance for the corresponding regions or the whole receiver. Then the nonuniform model and the corresponding uniform thermal model are validated with known performance of an existing parabolic trough solar collector/receiver. For applications, the uniform thermal model can be used to quickly compute the integral heat transfer performance of the whole PTC system while the nonuniform thermal model can be used to analyze the local nonuniform solar radiation and heat transfer performance characteristics and nonuniform heat transfer enhancements or optimizations. Later, it could also be effectively used with an intelligent optimization, such as the genetic algorithm or the particle swarm optimization, to quickly evaluate and optimize the characteristics and performance of PTCs under series of nonuniform conditions in detail.     

非共晶相变材料应用于太阳能吸热蓄热器的数值分析

通过计算分析发现对于目前的吸热蓄热器结构，采用相变发生在一个温度区间的非共晶熔盐混合物作为相变材料可以较好的提高吸热蓄热器的整体性能。主要表现在明显地提高相变材料的利用率、减小换热管工质出口温度波动、减小容器表面最大温度及容器表面温度变化，经过合理的设计还可以减小整体系统的质量。分析结果可以作为吸热器设计的参考。     

槽式太阳能新型腔式吸热器的热性能研究

提出一种适用于抛物槽集热器的新型太阳能腔式吸热器,该装置具有较高的集热效率,同时连接安装和日常运行维护也相对便利。对其建立一套三维传热模型,并搭建采用新型腔式吸热器的抛物槽集热器实验系统,通过实验测试对比吸热器瞬时效率,验证模型的准确性。此外,定量分析不同环境参数与工作参数对新型腔式吸热器热性能的影响,结果表明:集热效率随着法向直接日射辐照度、环境温度的升高而增加,随着环境风速和吸热器入口传热流体温度的升高而降低,而受传热流体质量流量的影响较小。     

微重力下高温固液相变蓄热容器内空穴分布

高温固液相变蓄热容器是空间太阳能动力装置吸热—储热器的关键部件。作为相变材料(PCM)的氟盐在凝固时体积收缩很大，从而在PCM容器内形成空穴。空穴的存在增大了传热热阻，还可能使PCM容器产生“热斑”和“热松脱”现象。该文建立了微重力下基于焓法形式的二维数学模型和一个改进的空穴模型，提出了计算相变过程中空穴体积变化及空穴调整的算法。预测了PCM容器在一个轨道周期内的空穴分布。计算结果有助于解决PCM容器的“热斑”和“热松脱”问题。     

Geometric optimization model for the solar cavity receiver with helical pipe at different solar radiation

In consideration of geometric parameters, several researches have already optimized the thermal efficiency of the cylindrical cavity receiver. However, most of the optimal results have been achieved at a fixed solar radiation. At different direct normal irradiance (DNI), any single optimal result may not be suitable enough for different regions over the world. This study constructed a 3-D numerical model of cylindrical cavity receiver with DNI variation. In the model of a cylindrical cavity receiver containing a helical pipe, the heat losses of the cavity and heat transfer of working medium were also taken into account. The simulation results show that for a particular DNI in the range of 400 W/m² to 800 W/m², there exists a best design for achieving a highest thermal efficiency of the cavity receiver. Besides, for a receiver in constant geometric parameters, the total heat losses increases dramatically with the DNI increasing in that range, as well as the temperature of the working medium. The thermal efficiency presented a different variation tendency with the heat losses, which is 2.45% as a minimum decline. In summary, this paper proposed an optimization method in the form of a bunch of fitting curves which could be applied to receiver design in different DNI regions, with comparatively appropriate thermal performances.