天然纤维增强复合材料的性能及其应用

探讨了天然纤维具有复合材料的性能特点，可作为复合材料的增强剂，对其物理和化学改性方法作简单的介绍，分析了制品开发应用研究的现状。     

麻纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其开发应用

目前,环境材料已成为新材料领域中的一个新的研究方向.在环境材料中,天然纤维扮演着越来越重要的角色.高性能天然纤维及其复合材料的研究、开发与应用已成为全球研究热点.天然纤维如麻纤维具有许多突出的优点,如来源丰富、价格低廉、可再生、可降解、高比性能等,使其在某些领域成为玻璃纤维的优秀替代品.本文介绍了亚麻、大麻、黄麻、等麻类植物的生长种植情况,结构性能,麻纤维增强热塑性复合材料的成型工艺及其开发与应用.     

天然纤维增强型聚乳酸复合材料的研究进展

针对现阶段天然纤维增强型聚乳酸复合材料的若干研究进展进行阐述,主要包括对于天然纤维的界面性能改进的不同方法介绍,及其作用机理分析;织物型纤维的二维结构化对于生物可降解性复合材料的力学性能的提高和其多维结构的发展;改性聚乳酸的研究,主要包括高韧性聚乳酸的制备、高渗透性聚乳酸和耐高温型聚乳酸;相客性优异地适用于聚乳酸的功能化添加剂;及其天然纤维增强型聚乳酸复合材料的成型制备工艺.     

高性能热塑性复合材料在汽车领域应用的主要问题

介绍了热塑性聚合物复合材料的性能特点、发展趋势及其在汽车领域的应用现状，结合目前国内的实际情况，分析了高性能热塑性聚合物复合材料在汽车领域应用所面临的主要问题，研究了低成本、高性能、多品种热塑性复合材料的制备方法及制品表面质量的改善措施。     

聚合物-无机层状氧化物纳米复合材料的研究进展

本文以MoO3、V2 O5等无机层状氧化物为研究基础 ,评述了聚合物—无机层状氧化物纳米复合材料的制备方法 ,分析了其结构特征 ,研究表明这类纳米复合材料仍为层状结构 ,且层间距增大 ;同时分析了其性能特征及其在电致变电材料和阴极材料中的主要应用 ,并指出目前该研究领域的前沿问题 ,最后展望了这类复合材料的发展前景。     

天然纤维/可降解塑料生物复合材料研究

本文阐述可完全降解的生物质纤维复合材料的概念,介绍天然纤维/可生物降解塑料复合材料的制造工艺,研究了原材料天然纤维和可生物降解塑料的性能及其复合材料的性能。     

车用天然纤维复合材料的研究进展及其应用

介绍了天然纤维的组成和性能,阐述了天然纤维复合材料的成型工艺研究进展及天然纤维复合材料在汽车上的应用,还指出了天然纤维复合材料发展过程中需要解决的一些问题。     

三聚氰胺延伸产品蜜胺纤维的物化性能与制造工艺

高性能纤维又称高科技纤维或特种合成纤维。具有高强度、高模量、耐高温、耐气候、耐化学试剂等性能,高性能纤维在科学技术上所取得的进展使新品种不断出现,这些新品种又在生产新工艺中得到研究开发,如连续聚合、高速纺丝、复合纺丝等。高性能纤维的发展应用于复合材料中,促进了复合材料的发展,使用高性能纤维的首要目的在于提高和强化制品或装置的性能。高性能纤维分为高强高模纤维、耐强腐蚀性纤维、抗燃纤维、     

天然纤维及其聚合物基复合材料阻燃改性研究进展

因具有较高的强度和模量、生态环保、价格低廉等特点,天然纤维及其增强复合材料在民用及汽车工业中的高附加值应用越来越多。然而易燃性一直是天然纤维及其增强聚合物基复合材料应用过程中不可避免的诟病,因此相应产品的阻燃研究受到人们越来越多的关注。本文综述了天然纤维及其聚合物复合材料阻燃改性的研究现状,并对其发展和应用前景进行了展望。     

天然纤维增强聚乳酸性能的研究进展

综述了天然纤维增强聚乳酸性能的最新研究进展,重点阐述了天然纤维对聚乳酸力学性能、结晶性能、耐热性能、吸水性能、降解性能、阻燃性能的影响,并对此类复合材料的应用前景提出展望。指出天然纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料在纺织、汽车、飞机和其它领域的研发和应用成为可能,应将优化加工工艺、增塑增容改性作为研究重点,最终实现该复合材料的高效和多产。     

美国HEXEL公司的碳纤维及其复合材料

简要介绍美国第 45届材料与加工工程促进学会年会与展览会概况及美国HEXEL公司碳纤维及其复合材料的现况与发展     

Progress Report on Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites

This century has witnessed remarkable achievements in green technology in material science through the development of natural fiber reinforced composites. The development of high‐performance engineering products made from natural resources is increasing worldwide day by day. There is increasing interest in materials demonstrating efficient use of renewable resources. Nowadays, more than ever, companies are faced with opportunities and choices in material innovations. Due to the challenges of petroleum‐based products and the need to find renewable solutions, more and more companies are looking at natural fiber composite materials. The primary driving forces for new bio‐composite materials are the cost of natural fibers (currently priced at one‐third of the cost of glass fiber or less), weight reduction (these fibers are half the weight of glass fiber), recycling (natural fiber composites are easier to recycle) and the desire for green products. This Review provides an overview of natural fiber reinfocred composites focusing on natural fiber types and sources, processing methods, modification of fibers, matrices (petrochemical and renewable), and their mechanical performance. It also focuses on future research, recent developments and applications and concludes with key issues that need to be resolved. This article critically summarizes the essential findings of the mostly readily utilized reinforced natural fibers in polymeric composite materials and their performance from 2000 to 2013.     

Esterification Effect of Maleic Anhydride on Surface and Volume Resistivity of Natural Fiber/Polystyrene Composites

The natural fibers (banana, hemp and sisal) and polystyrene (PS) were taken for the preparation of natural fiber polymer composites in the different ratios of 40:60, 45:55, 50:50 and 55:45 (wt/wt), respectively. These fibers were esterified with maleic anhydride (MA) and the effect of esterification of maleic anhydride was studied on surface resistivity and volume resistivity of natural fiber/polystyrene composites. It was found that the untreated fibers composites show more surface resistivity and volume resistivity in comparison to maleic anhydride treated fibers composites. An untreated hemp fibers composite shows maximum surface and volume resistivity while maleic anhydride treated sisal fibers composites show minimum surface and volume resistivity.     

Effect of chemical treatment on the thermal properties of hybrid natural fiber-reinforced composites

The main objective of this work is to study the effect of chemical treatment on the thermal properties of hybrid natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs). Different chemical treatments [i.e., alkalized and mixed (alkalized+ silanized)] were used to improve the adhesion between the natural fibers (jute, ramie, sisal, and curauá) and the polymer matrix. A differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and a dynamic mechanical analysis were performed to study the thermal properties of hybrid NFRC. It was found that the chemical treatments increased the thermal stability of the composites. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the chemical treatments altered the morphology of the natural fibers. A rougher surface was observed in case of alkali treated fiber, whereas a thin coating layer was formed on the fiber surface during the mixed treatment. However, for some fibers (i.e., sisal and rami), the chemical treatment has a positive impact on the composite properties, whereas for the jute and curauá composites, the best behavior was found for untreated fibers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47154.     

Physical and mechanical behavior of unidirectional banana/jute fiber reinforced epoxy based hybrid composites

During the last few years, natural fiber composites are replacing synthetic fiber composites for practical applications due to their advantages like low density, light weight, low cost, biodegradability and high specific mechanical properties. In this connection, the present investigation deals with the fabrication and mechanical properties of unidirectional banana/jute hybrid fiber reinforced composites and compares with the single natural fiber reinforced composites. The physical and mechanical properties of the natural fiber composites were obtained by testing the composite for density, tensile, flexural, inter‐laminar shear, impact, and hardness properties. The composite specimens with different weight percentages of fibers were fabricated by using hand lay‐up technique and testing were carried out as per ASTM standards. Incorporation of both the fibers into epoxy matrix resulted in an increase in mechanical properties up to 30 wt% of fiber loading. It is found that the hybrid composite give encouraging results when compared with the individual fiber composites. The morphologies of the composites are also studied by scanning electron microscope. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1396–1403, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Thermal stability of natural fibers and their polymer composites

Natural fiber-based composites are applied in many structural engineered products from civil constructions to automobile manufacturing due to the properties such as low density, high aspect ratio, biodegradability and ease to work. During the past decades such composites have been thoroughly studied for their mechanical properties and failure behavior and their properties compared with those of synthetic fiber-based composites. Other properties, such as the thermal behavior of natural fibers and composites, have also been studied because they determine the performance of their products possible. It deals with the effect of temperature on adhesive curing, effect of high temperature and fire damage during fabrication. Further, the thermal properties have equal importance in structural applications such as temperature transfer from end to end, load capacity at specific temperature, material behavior and dimensional stability at high temperature. In this respect the isothermal and non-isothermal thermogravimatric analyses are discussed and the improtance of glass transition temperature is studied during prepapration of composites to ensure their ultimate properties. Although there are several works that have been done on thermal behavior, especially thermogravimetric analysis of natural fibers and their composites, there is no review article available specially focused on natural fiber-based composites, hybrid composites, and nanocomposites. The aim of this review was to focus on the advances in the comprehension of thermogravimetric behavior of natural fibers and compare the effect of natural fibers as reinforced materials in polymer composites.     

Preparation and properties of successive alkali treated completely biodegradable short jute fiber reinforced PLA composites

The natural fiber reinforced biodegradable polymer composites were prepared with short jute fiber as reinforcement in PLA (Poly lactic acid) matrix. The short jute fiber is successively treated with NaOH at various concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) and H₂O₂. The composites were prepared with untreated and treated short jute fibers at different weight proportions (up to 25%) in PLA and investigated for mechanical properties. The results showed that the composite with successive alkali treated jute fiber at 10% NaOH and H₂O₂ with 20% fiber loading has shown 18% higher flexural strength than neat PLA and untreated jute/PLA composite. The flexural modulus of the composite at 25% fiber loading was 125% and 110% higher than that of composites with untreated fibers and neat PLA, respectively. The impact strength of composite with untreated fibers at higher fiber weight fraction was 23% high as compared to neat PLA and 26% high compared to composite with treated fibers. The water absorption was more for untreated jute/PLA composite at 25% fiber loading than all other composites. The composite with untreated fibers has high thermal degradation compared with treated fibers but lower than that of pure PLA matrix. The enzymatic environment has increased the rate of degradation of composites as compared to soil burial. Surface morphology of biodegraded surfaces of the composites were studied using SEM method. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2160–2170, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Moisture uptake and resulting mechanical response of bio‐based composites. II. composites

The durability of entirely bio‐based composites with respect to the exposure to elevated humidity was evaluated. Different combinations of bio‐based resins (Tribest, EpoBioX, Envirez) and cellulosic fibers (flax and regenerated cellulose fiber rovings and fabrics) were used to manufacture unidirectional and cross‐ply composite laminates. Water absorption experiments were performed at various humidity levels (41%, 70%, and 98%) to measure apparent diffusion coefficient and moisture content at saturation. Effect of chemical treatment (alkali and silane) of fibers as protection against moisture was also studied. However, fiber treatment did not show any significant improvement and in some cases the performance of the composites with treated fibers was lower than those with untreated reinforcement. The comparison of results for neat resins and composites showed that moisture uptake in the studied composites is primarily due to cellulosic reinforcement. Tensile properties of composites as received (RH = 24%) and conditioned (RH = 41%, 70%, and 98%) were measured in order to estimate the influence of humidity on behavior of these materials. Results were compared with data for glass fiber reinforced composite, as a reference material. Previous results from study of unreinforced polymers showed that resins were resistant to moisture uptake. Knowing that moisture sorption is primarily dominated by natural fibers, the results showed that some of the composites with bio‐based resins performed very well and have comparable properties with composites of synthetic epoxy, even at elevated humidity. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1510–1519, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Mechanical properties of injection‐molded isotactic polypropylene/roselle fiber composites

Natural fiber‐thermoplastic composite materials, based on their cost‐effectiveness and environmental friendliness, have attracted much interest both scientifically and technologically in recent years. Other advantages of natural fibers are good specific strength, less abrasion, and less irritation upon inhalation (in comparison with some common inorganic fillers). In the present contribution, roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) fibers were chosen and used as reinforcing fillers for isotactic polypropylene (iPP) for the first time, due mainly to the cost‐effectiveness and natural abundance on Thai soil. Processibility and mechanical properties of the resulting composites were investigated against the type and the mean size of the fibers. The results showed that the highest mechanical properties were observed when roselle bast fibers were incorporated. When whole‐stalk (WS) fibers (i.e., the weight ratio of bast and core fibers was 40 : 60 w/w) were used, moderate mechanical properties of the resulting composites were realized. The optimal contents of the WS fibers and the maleic anhydride‐grafted iPP compatibilizer that resulted in an improvement in some of the mechanical properties of the resulting composites were 40 and 7 wt %, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3291–3300, 2006     

Microstructural Study of the Hot Corrosion of a Calcium Aluminosilicate Glass-Ceramic and a Si-C-O-Fiber-Reinforced Calcium Aluminosilicate Matrix Composite via Sodium Sulfate in Air and Argon at 900°C

The hot corrosion of a calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) glass-ceramic and a composite of CAS matrix that has been reinforced with Si-C-O (Nicalon) fiber has been investigated by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Samples of the monolithic CAS and the Si-C-O-CAS composite were subjected to corrosion using liquid sodium sulfate at 900°C for 50 h in air and argon environments. The monolithic and composite samples both were corroded by sodium sulfate, and corrosion damage in the composites was more severe than in the monolithic CAS, irrespective of the gaseous environment. The increased corrosion damage in the composites was due to the presence of Si-C-O fibers, which changes the mechanism of corrosion. The corrosion products in monolithic CAS were different from those in the composites; this disparity was also due to the presence of the fibers in the composite. The corrosion zones in all the samples were severely cracked, and the cracks extended into the unaffected regions of the samples. Mechanisms of hot corrosion have been proposed and discussed for both the monolithic and composite samples.