开封市饮食业餐(饮)具卫生状况调查分析

目的 了解我市饮食业餐（饮）具卫生状况，分析影响餐（饮）具消毒合格率的因素，找出提高餐（饮）具消毒合格率的措施。方法以表格形式调查我市83家饮食经营单位餐（饮）具消毒基本情况，并用大肠菌群快速检测纸片法对以上单位的1158件餐（饮）具进行监测分析。结果 饮食经营单位的性质、餐（饮）具的消毒设施、消毒方式、保洁设施及餐（饮）具的规格等因素与餐（饮）具消毒合格率密切相关。结论 加大对饮食业监督监测力度，强化饮食经营单位自身管理及完善餐（饮）具消毒设施是提高餐（饮）具消毒合格率的关键。     

瑞安市餐(饮)具消毒效果检测分析

如何加强餐（饮）具卫生管理。减少餐（饮）具对食品的污染已成为食品卫生检测部门当前较为重要的问题，为了了解我市饮食业餐（饮）具的卫生状况及消毒质量，现将2002-2004年我市范围内的餐（饮）具消毒效果检测结果进行报告分析。     

江苏省1994年公共餐（饮）具卫生监测分析

江苏省１９９４年公共餐（饮）具卫生监测分析江苏省卫生防疫站王春明，赵天良，周群霞，董蔚为了解全省饮食行业公共餐（饮）具卫生质量现状，有针对性地加强监督指导，提高餐（饮）具卫生水平，有效控制食源性疾病传播，现将１９９４年全省餐（饮）具卫生监测结果作一分...     

英德市2007-2013年餐（饮）具消毒监测结果分析

目的 了解英德市餐饮单位餐（饮）具消毒卫生状况及2007-2013年变化趋势,为餐饮服务卫生监督工作提供科学依据.方法 采用描述性方法,对2007-2013年抽检的41 472件餐（饮）具监测结果进行统计分析及评价.结果 2007-2013年共监测41 472件餐（饮）具,合格17 790件,合格率为42.90％,餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率呈上升趋势,2008年与2010年餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率比较（x2=324.77,P＜0.01）,差异有显著性;2011年开始,餐（饮）具卫生监督管理职能移交食品药品监督管理局,餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率趋于英德市餐（饮）具消毒监测结果的平均水平,2013年仅抽检了市区餐（饮）具和全市中小学及幼儿园饭堂,无可比性.市区与农村餐饮单位餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率比较（x2=2580.33,P＜0.01）,差异有显著性;小型餐饮单位与大、中型餐饮单位餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率比较（x2=944.80,P＜0.01）,差异有显著性.餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率与气温有关,第三季度采集的餐（饮）具消毒监测合格率最低,为37.84％.结论 英德市餐饮单位餐（饮）具细菌污染较严重,必须进一步加强监督管理,确保餐饮卫生安全.     

玉环县餐具消毒质量监测

餐（饮）具的消毒质量直接关系到就餐人员的健康，也是社会关注的热点问题。为了解我县饮食行业餐（饮）具的消毒质量，现将我县2004～2006年监督检验的餐（饮）具消毒质量检测结果报告如下。     

昌吉市餐（饮）具消毒监测结果分析

为了解昌吉市区餐（饮）具卫生合格率，控制因餐（饮）具引起的疾病传播，我市于１９９４～１９９７年，对城区与城郊饮食业餐（饮）具消毒状况进行了监督监测，结果如下。１内容与方法采集市区及市郊饮食单位正在使用的碗、碟、杯、汤匙、菜盘等五种餐（饮）具样。采用大...     

2007—2011年武侯区餐饮具消毒情况分析

目的了解成都市武侯区各餐饮单位餐（饮）具消毒情况。方法采用大肠菌群快速检测纸片法,对2007—2011年在辖区内的各餐饮单位消毒后餐（饮）具进行抽样检测,并运用SAS9．1．3对检测数据进行分析。结果武侯区餐饮单位餐（饮）具的消毒合格率呈逐年上升趋势,2011年已超过90．0％（z毛势=1461．028,P〈0．01）;大中型餐饮单位餐（饮）具合格率（82．42％）优于小型餐饮单位餐（饮）具合格率（78．73％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;高温蒸汽及电子消毒柜消毒的餐（饮）具合格率（90．64％）明显高于化学药物消毒（73．05％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;保沽柜中的餐（饮）具合格率（90．64％）明显高于摆放在餐桌上的餐（饮）具合格率（50．99％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;冬春季节餐（饮）具消毒合格率（85．01％）优于夏秋季节餐（饮）具消毒合格率（73．80％）,差异有统计学意义（x。=1277．46,df=1,P〈0．01）。结论2007—2011年武侯区内餐饮单位消毒后餐饮具合格率逐年上升。     

佛山市饮食业餐(饮)具卫生质量状况分析

饮食行业的餐（饮）具卫生管理是食品卫生监督工作的重点和难点。餐（饮）具的消毒对预防和减少各种传染病的传播、保障人民身体健康有着重要意义。为了更好地总结经验,找出薄弱环节,提高餐（饮）具卫生质量,现将我市近五年餐（饮）具监测资料分析如下：１　材料与方法１－１　资料来源佛山市辖下四市二区１９９４～１９９８年餐（饮）具监测资料,现场卫生监督记录和年度报表。１－２　方法与评价指标按国家餐（饮）具消毒卫生标准（ＧＢ１４９３４－９４）规定,使用大肠菌群纸片法,进行各种餐（饮）具采样、检验和评价。２　结果目前…     

三明市三元区托幼机构餐（饮）具消毒质量监测结果分析

目的：了解托幼机构食堂餐（饮）具的卫生状况,为制定卫生管理措施提供依据。方法对监测机构食堂的餐（饮）具随机采样进行大肠菌群的快速检测。结果2011-2013年共监测托幼机构食堂餐（饮）具1053份,合格913份,总合格率为86.7％。结论监测机构食堂餐（饮）具消毒合格率呈逐年上升趋势,提示加强对托幼机构食堂餐（饮）具的卫生监测、监督,是提高餐饮具消毒质量的重要手段。     

江阴市1998年公共餐饮具监测结果分析

为了解江阴市辖区范围内的饮食行业公共餐（饮）具消毒状况,１９９８ 年对全市大、中、小型及个体餐饮业的公共餐（饮）具,分不同季节,对不同的消毒方法进行了监测。结果发现,物理消毒方法优于化学消毒方法;大型饭店、集体食堂餐（饮）具的合格率高于中、小型及个体饭店;创建区餐（饮）具消毒合格率高于非创建区。而季节对消毒合格率没有影响。提示今后应继续加大监督监测覆盖面,提高餐（饮）具卫生水平     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.