秸秆纤维增强干混砂浆的制备与性能表征

在普通干混砂浆中掺加秸秆纤维,获得秸秆纤维增强干混砂浆,对其物理力学性能、热学性能、收缩性能等进行研究。结果表明:随着秸秆纤维含量的增加,砂浆试样硬化后的物理力学性能有显著的提高,尤其是抗折强度,秸秆纤维占胶凝材料质量0.2%时,28 d抗折强度增加到8.5 MPa,拉伸粘接强度增加至0.82 MPa,收缩率降低至0.07%,导热系数降低至1.21 W/(m·K),吸水率增加了0.02%。     

纤维增强干粉修补砂浆的力学性能研究

通过抗压、抗折、劈裂及粘结强度等力学性能试验分析出各种纤维与干粉对修补砂浆性能的影响。试验结果表明:三组纤维干粉砂浆的28d抗压强度均高于基准砂浆;有很好的抗折性能,具有很好的抗弯能力,劈裂强度均高于基准砂浆。基准砂浆的粘接强度只有1.6MPa,聚丙烯纤维干粉砂浆的粘结强度达到了2.4MPa,玄武岩纤维干粉砂浆和混合纤维干粉砂浆的粘结强度一样,达到2.63MPa,提高粘结强度65%。     

纤维增强道路修补砂浆力学性能试验研究

为提高道路修补砂浆的抗弯折性能,研究了聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯纤维及玄武岩纤维单掺及复掺情况下对水泥基材料抗折强度影响规律。结果表明,玄武岩矿物纤维对抗折强度增强效果较小;单掺聚乙烯醇纤维0.75%时,28 d抗折强度比不掺增加15%;单掺1%聚丙烯纤维时,28 d抗折强度比不掺增加16%。聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯纤维及玄武岩矿物纤维复掺时,聚乙烯醇纤维对砂浆28 d抗折强度增强效果的影响程度最大。复掺聚乙烯醇纤维0.5%、聚丙烯纤维0.5%、玄武岩纤维0.25%时,3 d、28 d抗折强度分别为9.4 MPa、13.8 MPa,28 d抗折强度比不掺纤维砂浆增加22%。     

建筑垃圾再生骨料干混砂浆力学性能的研究

通过研究保水剂与减水剂对再生骨料干混砂浆的性能影响发现,干混砂浆的保水率随着保水剂羧甲基纤维素掺量的增大而逐渐增大,当掺量达到0.2%时,保水率可达97.30%,但保水剂对其力学性能有负面影响,最终确定较佳保水剂掺量为0.1%～0.15%;萘系高效减水剂可明显降低再生骨料干混砂浆的用水量,干混砂浆的力学性能随减水剂掺量的增多呈总体增大的趋势,在灰砂比为1：3.5,保水剂掺量为0.15%,减水剂掺加量为1.6%时,干混砂浆试样的28d抗折强度可达7.46 MPa,28 d抗压强度可达30.41 MPa。     

秸秆纤维中空陶粒混凝土的制备与性能表征

在中空陶粒混凝土中掺加秸秆纤维,获得秸秆纤维增强的中空陶粒混凝土,并对其物理力学性能、热学性能及收缩性能等进行研究。结果表明:随着秸秆纤维含量的增加,中空陶粒混凝土试样硬化后的物理力学性能有显著的提高,尤其是抗折强度,秸秆纤维占胶凝材料质量0.4%时,28 d抗折强度达到4.1 M Pa,收缩率降低至0.07%,导热系数降低至0.1 W/(m·K),吸水率增加了1.4%。     

纤维复掺对干混砂浆性能的影响研究

研究了玄武岩纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯纤维单掺及复掺对砂浆抗渗抗裂性能、吸水率、抗压抗折强度、线膨胀率的影响。结果表明,纤维能提高砂浆的抗渗抗开裂性能,降低砂浆吸水率,提高砂浆柔韧性,产生一定的膨胀以抵抗砂浆的内部收缩。纤维增强干混砂浆,复掺比单掺效果好。单掺时,增强效果为聚乙烯醇纤维>玄武岩纤维>聚丙烯纤维;复掺时,玄武岩纤维:聚乙烯醇纤维:聚丙烯纤维=1:0:2时,砂浆的抗渗抗裂性能及力学性能达到最佳。     

粉煤灰对建筑垃圾再生细骨料干混砂浆性能的影响

为拓宽建筑垃圾资源化的应用途径,对建筑垃圾进行破碎和筛分处理,将得到的再生细骨料作为细集料,以水泥作为胶凝材料,粉煤灰作为矿物掺合料,制备干混砂浆。研究了天然河砂与建筑垃圾再生细骨料基本物理性能的异同。研究发现,在用水量相同时,再生细骨料干混砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度明显高于天然河砂干混砂浆;当粉煤灰掺量为10％时,干混砂浆的力学性能最优,干混砂浆的28d抗折强度为7．81MPa,抗压强度为41．06MPa;粉煤灰掺加量占胶凝材料10％～25％时,对干混砂浆力学性能影响不大,可以作为干混砂浆的基本配比参数应用。     

不同减水剂对地质聚合物砂浆性能影响研究

探究了木质素、三聚氰胺、萘系、聚羧酸4大类6种减水剂对不同水玻璃掺量的粉煤灰-矿渣基地质聚合物砂浆性能的影响。结果表明:减水剂掺量相同情况时,掺加萘系减水剂的地聚物砂浆扩展度最大,达到280 mm,掺加木质素的地聚物砂浆扩展度最小。水玻璃掺量为23%的地聚物砂浆3 d抗折、抗压强度均大于水玻璃掺量为16%的地聚物砂浆3 d抗折、抗压强度。水玻璃掺量为23%,掺加三聚氰胺的地聚物砂浆3 d抗折强度和抗压强度最大,分别为5.8、39.4 MPa。水玻璃掺量为16%,掺加聚羧酸减水剂和三聚氰胺的地聚物砂浆没有抗折强度。综合地聚物砂浆的工作性能和力学性能,掺加萘系减水剂的地聚物砂浆性能最优。     

掺可再分散乳胶粉自流平水泥基道路修复砂浆的研究

在研究了添加剂乳胶粉对水泥净浆物理和胶砂力学性能基础上,配制得增强型水泥基道路自流平修补砂浆配方。性能测试表明:掺可再分散乳胶粉的水泥胶砂样抗折强度高于空白样,并随乳胶粉掺量增加而上升,其1d抗折强度均>3.5MPa;抗压强度在整个测试龄期内比空白样略为降低,但随乳胶粉掺量增加而减小;掺入乳胶粉后凝结时间增加,并随掺量增加而相应的延长,这与其水泥净浆早期水化的电阻率测定结果相符。此外,自流平道路快速修补砂浆配方样初始流动度157mm,1d抗折强度为4.35MPa、抗压强度达21.32MPa;28d抗折强度为10.34MPa、抗压强度达51.53MPa,且抗收缩性和耐磨性能优良。     

潮湿环境下短聚丙烯纤维对高强修补砂浆性能的影响研究

本文研究了潮湿环境下3mm、6mm短聚丙烯纤维对高强修补砂浆的工作性能及物理力学性能的影响。结果表明:在掺量0.60%的范围内,高强修补砂浆拌合物的稠度会随着短聚丙烯纤维掺量的增大而减少,但稠度减小的幅度总体上相对较小。在潮湿的水养护环境下,随着3mm短聚丙烯纤维掺量的增加,高强修补砂浆的7d抗折强度会慢慢减小,而28d抗折强度则呈现出波动的变化、组分间相差相对较小;7d抗压强度会先增大而后减小,而28d的抗压强度则会减小。6mm短聚丙烯纤维的加入会提高高强修补砂浆的28d抗压强度。随着3mm短聚丙烯纤维掺量的增加,高强修补砂浆28d压折比会急剧降低,柔韧性会显著提高,而6mm短聚丙烯纤维的加入则会增加高强修补砂浆压折比。     

掺三元乙丙橡胶粉水泥砂浆性能的试验研究和分析

系统研究三元乙丙橡胶粉以20%、40%、60%、80%和100%等体积取代河砂时对新拌砂浆和硬化砂浆性能的影响程度和规律。试验结果表明,适当掺量的橡胶粉,可以改善新拌砂浆的和易性,提高硬化砂浆适应变形的能力、早期抗裂能力、抗冻融循环耐久性、抗干湿循环耐久性,降低砂浆的表观密度和导热系数。但橡胶粉的掺入也会明显降低砂浆的力学性能和增加砂浆干缩变形值,并导致橡胶粉掺量增加到一定范围时,砂浆的抗裂能力、抗冻剥蚀能力和抗干湿循环能力降低。橡胶粉砂浆性能的缺陷需要优选其他外加剂来解决。     

稳定剂对水泥基自流平砂浆基本性能的影响

稳定剂具有防止砂浆泌水、离析和沉降的作用,有助于自流平砂浆形成更均匀的结构,从而提高黏接强度。本文研究了稳定剂的黏度和掺量对水泥基自流平砂浆基本性能的影响。试验结果表明：黏度较低的稳定剂B1更适合配置自流平砂浆,其适宜掺量范围为0.025%-0.05%;用其配制的自流平砂浆具有良好的工作性,硬化后的砂浆表面光滑平整,24h抗折、抗压强度分别达5.2MPa、13.1MPa,28d抗折、抗压强度分别达11.0MPa、43.4MPa。     

Experimental study and assessment of thermal energy storage mortar with paraffin/recycled brick powder composite phase change materials

Thermal energy storage recycled powder mortar (TESRM) was developed in this study by incorporating paraffin/recycled brick powder (paraffin/BP) composite phase change materials (PCM). Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis results showed that paraffin/BP composite PCM had good chemical and thermal stability. The onset melting temperature and latent heat of the composite PCM were 46.49 °C and 30.1 J·g⁻¹. The fresh mortar properties and hardened properties were also investigated in this study. Paraffin/BP composite PCM with replacement ratio of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of cement were studied. The results showed that the static and dynamic yield stresses of TESRM were 699.4% and 172.9% higher than those of normal mortar, respectively. The addition of paraffin/BP composite PCM had a positive impact on the mechanical properties of mortar at later ages, and could also reduce the dry shrinkage of mortar. The dry shrinkage of TESRM had a maximum reduction about 26.15% at 120 d. The thermal properties of TESRM were better than those of normal mortar. The thermal conductivity of TESRM was 36.3% less than that of normal mortar and the heating test results showed that TESRM had good thermal energy storage performance.     

Action of redispersible vinyl acetate and versatate copolymer powder in cement mortar

Redispersible polymer powder of vinyl acetate and versatate copolymer (VA/VeoVa) is applied to modify cement mortar. The effect of VA/VeoVa powder on physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar is investigated. VA/VeoVa powder exhibits excellent water-reduction and water-retention effects in cement mortar and improves mortar properties effectively. Due to the air-entrainment effect of VA/VeoVa powder, the air content of fresh mortar is increased and the bulk density is decreased. VA/VeoVa powder makes the compressive strength decrease, but not so significant the effect on the flexural strength is, which results in the ratio of compressive strength to flexural strength goes down sharply with the increase of VA/VeoVa powder, indicating the toughness of cement mortar is improved markedly. Furthermore, VA/VeoVa powder reduces the shrinkage rate and improves the hydrophobicity and water impermeability of cement mortar.     

珊瑚砂浆的力学性能与微观结构特征

研究了珊瑚砂-水泥砂浆(珊瑚砂浆)的力学性能,以及复合矿物掺和料对珊瑚砂浆的改性作用,并与标准砂浆进行对比.采用扫描电子显微镜-能量弥散X射线谱(SEM-EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),对砂浆力学性能、体积稳定性和水化作用的微观机理进行了研究.结果表明:珊瑚砂浆的力学强度低于标准砂浆,加入复合矿物掺和料后可改善水泥石基体及界面过渡区的微观结构,提高珊瑚砂浆的力学性能,使其28d抗压强度较标准砂浆提高了2.1%;珊瑚砂凹凸不平的表面能与硬化水泥浆体形成紧密的啮合状态,有助于提高砂浆的体积稳定性;珊瑚砂的内养护作用使砂浆的力学性能和抵抗收缩能力得到了提高;粉煤灰和矿粉的微集料填充作用和火山灰效应,提高了珊瑚砂浆的力学性能和抗氯离子扩散能力;珊瑚砂持续释放出的Ca^2+、Mg^2+参与了水泥的水化反应,有助于生成更多的水化产物.     

彩色硬化耐磨地坪干粉砂浆的应用研究

通过对耐磨集料的级配调整、复合掺合料组分的合理选择、复合添加剂的研制以及配合比的优化,配制出高强度、低收缩、高韧性的硬化耐磨地坪干粉砂浆.复合添加剂的使用可使地坪干粉砂浆28 d抗压强度提高13.4%,抗折强度提高77%,折压比提高64.5%,长期收缩指标降低8.5%,耐磨性能及表面强度均达到相关标准要求.     

Influence of activator on the strength and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag mortar

The development of new binders, as an alternative to traditional cement, by the alkaline activation of industrial by-products (i.e. ground granulated slag and fly ash) is an ongoing research topic in the scientific community [Puertas F, Amat T, Jimenez AF, Vazquez T. Mechanical and durable behaviour of alkaline cement mortars reinforced with polypropylene fibres. Cem Concr Res 2003;33(12): 2031–6]. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using and alkaline activated ground Turkish slag to produce a mortar without Portland cement (PC).Following the characterization of the slag, mortar specimens made with alkali-activated slag were prepared. Three different activators were used: liquid sodium silicate (LSS), sodium hydroxide (SH) and sodium carbonate (SC) at different sodium concentrations. Compressive and flexural tensile strength of alkali-activated slag mortar was measured at 7-days, 28-days and 3-months. Drying shrinkage of the mortar was measured up to 6-months. Setting times of the alkali-activated slag paste and PC paste were also measured.Setting times of LSS and SH activated slag pastes were found to be much slower than the setting time of PC paste. However, slag paste activated with SC showed similar setting properties to PC paste.LSS, SH and SC activated slag mortar developed 81, 29, and 36 MPa maximum compressive strengths, and 6.8, 3.8, and 5.3 MPa maximum flexural tensile strengths at 28-days. PC mortar developed 33 MPa compressive strength and 5.2 MPa flexural tensile strength. LSS and SH activated slag mortars were found to be more brittle than SC activated slag and PC mortars.Slag mortar made with LSS had a high drying shrinkage, up to six times that of PC mortar. Similarly, slag mortar made with SH had a shrinkage up to three times that of PC mortar. However, SC activated slag mortar had a lower or comparable shrinkage to PC mortar. Therefore, the use of SC as an activator for slag mortar is recommended, since it results in adequate strength, similar setting times to PC mortar and comparable or lower shrinkage.     

高流态超早强聚合物修补砂浆的性能研究

采用可再分散乳胶粉改性硫铝酸盐水泥制备修补砂浆,研究了乳胶粉掺量对修补砂浆力学性能和粘结性能的影响。结果表明:乳胶粉掺量从0增加到2%时,修补砂浆的抗压强度逐渐降低,而抗折强度和粘结强度却逐渐提高。当乳胶粉掺量为1.5%时,修补砂浆2 h、1 d和28 d抗压强度分别为27.3、42.3、57.0 MPa,拉伸粘结强度为1.8 MPa,界面弯拉强度为7.8 MPa,抗拉强度恢复率为73.4%。在乳胶粉和聚氧化乙烯(PEO)复掺条件下,砂浆的拉伸粘结强度进一步提高,当乳胶粉和PEO掺量分别为1.5%和0.5%时,拉伸粘结强度可达2.31 MPa。