概念加固思想及工程应用

提出了工程结构加固中新的思路——概念加固。概念加固是运用人的思维和判断，从宏观上决定工程加固中的基本问题、基本概念及基本原则，并阐述了基于“概念加固”思想指导下的整体预应力加固技术，介绍了在工程加固中的应用实例。     

我国家电制造业“绿色制造”标准探讨

一、研制绿色制造标准的意义 1．“绿色制造”概念的提出最早提出“绿色制造”概念的是欧、美、日等工业化国家。考虑到制造业的发展与环境、资源、能源及人类社会发展的协调关系，提出“绿色制造”的概念以支持制造业的“可持续发展”。欧盟国家早在上世纪80年代即提出“绿色制造”的概念，并最早颁布了“环境标志（绿色标志）”，同时，在这一领域进行了积极的探讨。     

篮球移动配合进攻战术探讨

阐述了“移动配合”进攻战术的理论概念、结构特点以及基本配合方式，系统地对其战术的组成原则进行了分析，并提出了训练要求、方法及应注意的问题．     

从直接测量中探讨有效数字的一般定义

本文从直接测量入手，通过实例将有效数字的一些问题系统化、理论化、深入地探讨了有效数字的来源、特点。通过提出“虚拟分度值”和“主观真值”的概念，分析、总结出有效数字的一般定义。     

漫谈减排监测计量器具

国家环保总局在《主要污染物总量减排监测办法》中首次正式提出了主要污染物减排监测的概念，即对污染源排放的主要污染物总量进行核定，并为国家确定的主要污染物减排工作提供数据的监测活动。本文作者又创造性地提出了“减排监测计量器具”的概念，并通过对减排监测计量器具的概念、种类和特点、生产开发中的问题和规范管理等方面的论述，说明了加强减排监测计量器具管理的重要性。本文仅为作者的一家之言，希望广大读者共同探讨。     

辅修专业“决策支持系统”的研究性教学实践

文章主要讨论了研究性教学模式的概念、意义，在辅修信息管理与信息系统专业“决策支持系统”授课中开展研究性教学的可行性，以及具体措施，认为要切实结合授课内容和授课对象的实际，切实开展研究性教学，努力培养学生提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

浅谈分析化学实验教学的改革

针对分析化学实验教学中存在的问题，提出了相应的改革措施，如加强预习环节，强调基本操作训练和“量”的概念，改革实验教学方法等。     

论质监执法中相对人违法行为数问题

本文立足于行政法理论和质监执法实际，提出“违法行为数问题”这个定义；举例论述质监执法中遇到的各类不同“违法行为数”的概念和特征、构成要件、处理等；建议立法完善“违法行为数问题”的定义、处断原则及执法主体重合问题等。     

走近概念车

对于设计师来说，“概念”仿佛是“设计”的一对翅膀，有了翅膀。创意会飞得更高，驰驰骋得更远。从某种意义上说，概念也是设计师对未来的大胆预言，预言需要的气魄正是他的过人之处。预言未必尽善心美，但代表了一种可能性。人们关心概念，因为概念启迪了人的智慧，人们向往概念，因为我们都不甘平凡，人们运用概念，因为概念的价值无限。     

创意无限 梦想实现

沟通是设计创造之始，在良好的互动百发挥最大的创意能量．取绝每个案子都必须经过这道基本流程．充份将客户的想法，依市场环境分析、营销策略、项目配套规划其过程划分三郭曲——“问题概念化”→“概念可视化”→“设计商品化”的基本构思讨论分析后，在小组会报后统筹结果将概念转硪视觉，经由提案报告后将最佳的设计商品亿。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.