华南型植物检疫隔离温室的设计与应用研究

根据我国华南地区自然环境气候特点,结合温室植物生理学特性及生长特性,研究植物检疫隔离温室区域气候适应性,设计并建造适合华南地区使用的植物检疫温室。确保植物检疫的准确性和有效性,保证进出口种子、种苗的安全优质,促进植物种子、种苗大规模出口、引进种植生产,确保农业生产的高产、优质、高效、安全。     

厉害了,京鹏植物工厂

<正>在我国设施农业装备领域,有哪家企业能拥有这样的成绩:设计并建造我国第一座高原现代农业科技园区:西藏国家级药用植物科技示范园区;第一座技术领先的检疫隔离温室:农业部植物检疫隔离温室;第一座植物工厂:北京通州植物工厂;第一座高寒地区现代农业设施:黑龙江省国家级农业园区;第一座半封闭温室:北京     

塑料连栋温室黄瓜环境模型建立的平衡法研究

为了提高塑料连栋温室蔬菜栽培环境的栽培水平和管理技术，在研究黄瓜栽培生长生理特性的基础上，结合分析塑料连栋温室的结构及其环境特性，综合考虑到温室内外各种因素的影响和相互作用，利用质能平衡原理，研究了塑料连栋温室黄瓜栽培环境数学模型的建立方法。通过对温室中影响黄瓜生长发育的众能量因子进行主成分分析，发现温室吸收太阳光辐射能量、植物光合作用消耗的热量、覆盖层热传导、温室内地面水分的蒸发和植物蒸腾等作用吸收空气中的显热是影响黄瓜生长发育最主要的能量收支项。     

新疆地区智能温室环境因子测控平台设计

根据新疆地区气候的特点,通过对植物生长所需环境指标的研究,建立有效的控制策略,使温室环境和植物生长发育环境相符,设计出适合地区特点的智能温室环境因子测控平台.设计成果是温室环境优化和控制、促进地区农业发展的基础性工作,具有重要的实际意义和应用前景.     

植物检疫隔离温室让农作物有保障

近年来,随着我国园艺事业的快速发展,对于种质资源的需求正急剧增加,引进或利用国外植物种质资源,改良和培育国内植物品种是提高植物产量和质量的重要途径。种子、种苗也是有害生物远距离传播的有效手段之一。行业发展亟需一种能够克服境外引进种子、苗木的可能潜伏危险的设施,于是植物检疫     

自动化温室测控系统的设计

温室测控系统是对温室环境囚素(如温度、湿度和CO2浓度等)进行相应地修正或调整，使植物生长处于最佳或相对最佳的生长环境条件中。为此，介绍了自动化温室测控系统的工作原理和系统的硬件实现方法，并说明了软件的设计及功能。     

互联网温室环境自动控制系统

以温室环境自动控制系统构成和发展历程为切入点,利用SWOT对我国互联网自控温室发展的优势与劣势、机遇与挑战进行了简要分析,并根据分析结果提出了部分互联网理念条件下的温室环境自动控制系统发展趋势。     

谈现代温室主要结构系统

正随着我国农业产业结构的不断调整,经济作物和果蔬等农产品种植大幅度增长,温室大棚在我国农村迅速发展起来。温室生产相比大地生产最大的优势在于温室能够在不适宜植物生长的季节进行生产,因此温室内的环境条件,如温度、光照、湿度、水分和气体等因素,就需要进行人工调控,而温室环境调控功能的实现,则是建立在多个结构系统基础上进行的。温室结构不仅要满足透光率高、能量消耗低、通风良好的要求,而且要具     

CAN控制器温室环境监控系统的设计

温室环境对实时响应和实时处理能力都有较高的要求。基于这一特点，从低成本角度出发，提出了基于植物生理信息数据库的CAN控制器温室环境监控系统，并就其软硬件设计做了比较详细的分析；论述了在温室环境各参数调控中，系统具有性能稳定、价格适中的特点；指出了其应用前景。     

机器视觉技术在设施农业环境调控中的应用

计算机技术的快速发展推动了现代控制技术在设施农业中的应用。为此,综述了国内外将机器视觉技术用于植物生长信息检测的研究进展,认为通过机器视觉技术获取作物生长信息,结合现代智能控制策略及先进的调控设施研究植物的生理特性,可为作物提供理想的生长环境,提高作物的产量、质量与经济效益,是极具时代意义的研究领域。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究

研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。     

农村剩余劳动力就业问题的探讨

论述了我国农村剩余劳动力就业的意义，并针对我国农村剩余劳动力的现状，提出多渠道促进农村剩余劳动力就业的途径和办法。     

乡（镇）农业技术推广体系存在的问题及对策

乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。     

草莓的采收与贮藏

草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.