光子嫩肤仪对亚洲人光损害皮肤的全面部嫩肤治疗

目的应用最新光子嫩肤设备治疗亚洲人皮肤的由光损伤导致的各种表现,新的设备中配备了560?nm的治疗手具和接触冷却,以改进疗效.方法用光子嫩肤配合接触冷却共治疗了73例患者,每例治疗5次或5次以上,每次治疗的间隔为3～4周.在第3次和第5次治疗后,患者和医生对疗效进行评价.评价内容包括5个方面色素沉着、毛细血管扩张、细小皱纹、皮肤质地和总体改善情况.此外还进行了皮肤组织病理学检查.结果改善程度按照百分比划为5个等级,分别评价色素沉着的改善、毛细血管扩张减轻、细小皱纹减轻、皮肤质地好转和总体改善的程度.患者和医生的主观评价进行合并,计算平均结果.治疗5次后,80%以上的患者色素沉着、毛细血管扩张、细小皱纹、皮肤质地和总体改善程度均达到了60%.皮肤组织病理学检查发现Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅲ型胶原染色增强.结论应用最新光子嫩肤仪在亚洲人的嫩肤治疗中表明该疗法不仅有效,而且比其他有损伤性治疗发生的合并症少,安全有效.     

光子嫩肤仪对亚洲人光损害皮肤的全面部嫩肤治疗

目的 应用最新光子嫩肤设备治疗亚洲人皮肤的由光损伤导致的各种表现，新的设备中配备了560nm的治疗手具和接触冷却，以改进疗效。方法 用光子嫩肤配合接触冷却共治疗了73例患者，每例治疗5次或5次以上，每次治疗的间隔为3—4周。在第3次和第5次治疗后，患者和医生对疗效进行评价。评价内容包括5个方面：色素沉着、毛细血管扩张、细小皱纹、皮肤质地和总体改善情况。此外还进行了皮肤组织病理学检查。结果 改善程度按照百分比划为5个等级，分别评价色素沉着的改善、毛细血管扩张减轻、细小皱纹减轻、皮肤质地好转和总体改各的程度。患者和医生的主观评价进行合并，计算平均结果。治疗5次后，80％以上的患者色素沉着、毛细么管扩张、细小皱纹、皮肤质地和总体改善程度均达到了60％。皮肤组织病理学检查发现I型胶原和Ⅲ型胶原染色增强。结论 应用最新光子嫩肤仪在亚洲人的嫩肤治疗中表明该疗法不仅有效，而且比其他有损伤性治疗发生的合并症少，安全有效。     

光子嫩肤技术的应用

目的探索一种适用于东方人良性皮肤疾病如色斑等的非手术、非剥脱性的治疗方法.方法采用Quantun SR皇后光子嫩肤仪对色斑、细小皱纹、毛孔粗大、毛细血管扩张等良性皮肤疾病进行强脉冲光治疗,每5～6次为一疗程,每两次治疗间隔期为3周.结果 816例有效,2例出现色素沉着,1例出现色素减退,12例出现表皮灼伤,均未做特殊处理自行恢复.14例无效.结论强脉冲光子技术是一种适用于黄肤色人种良性皮肤疾病治疗的创新性、非剥脱性的治疗方法.     

光子嫩肤技术的应用

目的　探索一种适用于东方人良性皮肤疾病如色斑等的非手术、非剥脱性的治疗方法。方法　采用QuantunSR皇后光子嫩肤仪对色斑、细小皱纹、毛孔粗大、毛细血管扩张等良性皮肤疾病进行强脉冲光治疗 ,每 5～ 6次为一疗程 ,每两次治疗间隔期为 3周。结果　 816例有效 ,2例出现色素沉着 ,1例出现色素减退 ,12例出现表皮灼伤 ,均未做特殊处理自行恢复。 14例无效。结论　强脉冲光子技术是一种适用于黄肤色人种良性皮肤疾病治疗的创新性、非剥脱性的治疗方法     

光子嫩肤技术的应用

目的 探索一种适用于东方人良性皮肤疾病如色斑等的非手术、非剥脱性的治疗方法。方法 采用Quantun SR皇后光子嫩肤仪对色斑、细小皱纹、毛孔粗大、毛细血管扩张等良性皮肤疾病进行强脉冲光治疗，每5—6次为一疗程，每两次治疗间隔期为3周。结果 816例有效，2例出现色素沉着，l例出现色素减退，12例出现表皮灼伤，均未做特殊处理自行恢复。14例无效。结论 强脉冲光子技术是一种适用于黄肤色人种良性皮肤疾病治疗的创新性、非剥脱性的治疗方法。     

光子嫩肤仪配合激光治疗皮肤光老化疗效的观察

目的 探讨光子嫩肤仪配合755nm激光治疗皮肤光老化的疗效。方法 根据皮肤光老化者的肤质及疗效调节治疗方案，光子及激光交替进行治疗，每例治疗5次或5次以上。在治疗前和完成疗程后，由主治医师和接受治疗者共同对疗效做出评价。结果 本组178例，经治疗皮肤光老化症状均有不同程度改善，其中以肤色、毛细血管扩张、皮肤质地改善最为明显。临床观察表明，只要选择合适参数及完成疗程，治疗效果明显。结论 光子嫩肤仪配合755nm激光治疗皮肤光老化，是改善光老化表现的有效方法，并且比其他有损伤性治疗发生的合并症少，安全有效。     

光子嫩肤技术在皮肤美容中的应用效果

探讨在皮肤美容患者中应用光子嫩肤技术的临床效果。方法 选择南通市中医院2020年 1月-2022年2月收治的84例接受光子嫩肤技术治疗的患者，结合患者表现的症状不同，将其分为皮肤色素 沉着组、皮肤老化松弛组和毛细血管扩张组，每组28例。比较三组临床疗效、治疗满意度、复发情况及 不良反应发生情况。结果 毛细血管扩张组治疗总有效率为96.43%，略高于皮肤色素沉着组和皮肤老化 松弛组的92.86%，但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）；皮肤老化松弛组与毛细血管扩张组治疗满意度均为 92.86%，略高于皮肤色素沉着组的89.29%，但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）；皮肤色素沉着组与毛细血 管扩张组复发率分别为7.14%和3.57%，略高于皮肤老化松弛组的0，但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）； 皮肤色素沉着组与毛细血管扩张组不良反应发生率均为3.57%，略高于皮肤老化松弛组的0，但差异无统 计学意义（P ＞0.05）。结论 将光子嫩肤技术应用于存在皮肤老化松弛、毛细血管扩张、色素沉着等问题 的患者，均可取得良好的皮肤美容效果，且患者不良反应较少，复发率较低，具有较高的应用价值。     

强脉冲光子嫩肤仪治疗面部毛细血管扩张症

目的探讨强脉冲光子嫩肤仪治疗面部毛细血管扩张症的临床疗效.方法应用强脉冲光子嫩肤仪对300例面部毛细血管扩张症的患者行3～5次治疗,每次治疗间隔3周,并观察临床疗效.结果随访观察治疗后的300例患者2～4个月,治愈者164例占54.7%,显效者96例占32.0%,有效者25例占8.3%,无效者15例占5.0%,总有效率为95.0%.结论强脉冲光子嫩肤仪治疗面部毛细血管扩张症,其方法操作简单、无损伤,治疗后无色素沉着及瘢痕等并发症,是一种安全有效较新的面部美容方法.     

强脉冲光与HGM激光联合非侵入性治疗面部皮肤光老化

目的观察强脉冲光治疗仪与HGM激光器联合应用非侵入性治疗面部皮肤光老化的效果。方法对460例FitzpatrickⅢ、Ⅳ型皮肤光老化患者,采用560nm强脉冲光与532nm HGM激光联合治疗4次,治疗分两步进行,首先使用560nm强脉冲光,能量密度30~40J/cm2的光子嫩肤治疗,然后使用532nm HGM激光器,能量密度35~60J/cm2,施行局部针对治疗。治疗间隔均为2周。分别于最后一次治疗的4、8周后,随访治疗效果和并发症情况。结果经4次治疗8周后,随访90%患者毛细血管扩张、毛孔粗大、色素沉着和细小皱纹改善的程度均达到了75%以上。主要并发症为短暂红斑和水疱。结论560nm强脉冲光治疗仪与532nm HGM激光器联合应用治疗面部皮肤光老化性毛细血管扩张、毛孔粗大、色素沉着和细小皱纹,疗效可靠,并发症少,是一种理想的非侵入性治疗亚洲人FitzpatrickⅢ、Ⅳ型皮肤光老化的方法。     

强脉冲光子嫩肤系统在面部美容方面的初步应用

目的　观察Quantum光子嫩肤系统在面部美容方面的治疗范围及并发症。方法　采用位于可见光和近红外线区域、波长近于 5 5 0～ 12 0 0nm的宽谱线光源对光老化和光损伤皮肤进行非介入性治疗 ,观察临床疗效。结果　临床应用治疗雀斑、毛细血管扩张、面部皱纹等各种类型患者共 64 2例 ,总有效率 10 0 %。结论　Quantum光子嫩肤系统对光老化和光损伤皮肤的非介入性治疗 ,较现有治疗方法更具优点     

Vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction during major abdominal surgery

Background : We investigated the vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction (MT) with hypotension due to prostacyclin (PGI₂) release in patients undergoing abdominal surgery with a combined general and epidural anesthesia. Methods : In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study we administered 400 mg ibuprofen (i.v.) in 42 patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. General anesthesia was combined with epidural anesthesia (T4-L1). Before as well as 5, 15, 30, 45, and 90 min after MT we recorded plasma osmolality, hemodynamics and measured 6-keto-PGFlα (stabile metabolite of PGI₂), TXB₂ (stabile metabolite of thromboxane A₂) active renin, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) plasma concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Catecholamine levels were assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. Results : Following MT, arterial hypotension occurred along with a substantial PGI₂ release. This was completely abolished by ibuprofen administration. Although plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF_1α (1133 (708) vs. 60 (3) ng/L, median (median absolute deviation), P=0.0001, placebo vs. ibuprofen) remained significantly elevated, blood pressure was restored within 30 min after MT in the placebo group. At the same point in time plasma concentrations of TXB² (164 (87) vs. 58 (1) ng/L, P=0.0001), epinephrine (46 (33) vs. 14 (6) ng/L, P=0.001), AVP (41 ± (18) vs. 12 (7) ng/L, P=0.0004), and active renin (27 (12) vs. 12 (4) ng/L, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in placebo-treated patients. Conclusion : Under combined general and epidural anesthesia arterial hypotension following MT due to endogenous PGI₂ release is associated with enhanced release of AVP, active renin, epinephrine and thromboxane A₂, presumably contributing to hemodynamic stability within 30 min after MT.     

A Teaspoon Pump for Pumping Blood with High Hydraulic Efficiency and Low Hemolysis Potential

Abstract: Virtually all blood pumps contain some kind of rubbing, sliding, closely moving machinery surfaces that are exposed to the blood being pumped. These valves, internal bearings, magnetic bearing position sensors, and shaft seals cause most of the problems with blood pumps. The original teaspoon pump design prevented the rubbing, sliding machinery surfaces from contacting the blood. However, the hydraulic efficiency was low because the blood was able to "slip around" the rotating impeller so that the blood itself never rotated fast enough to develop adequate pressure. An improved teaspoon blood pump has been designed and tested and has shown acceptable hydraulic performance and low hemolysis potential. The new pump uses a nonrotating "swinging" hose as the pump impeller. The fluid enters the pump through the center of the swinging hose; therefore, there can be no fluid slip between the revolving blood and the revolving impeller. The new pump uses an impeller that is comparable to a flexible garden hose. If the free end of the hose were swung around in a circle like half of a jump rope, the fluid inside the hose would rotate and develop pressure even though the hose impeller itself did not "rotate"; therefore, no rotating shaft seal or internal bearings are required.     

Microspheres Based Detoxification System: A New Method in Convective Blood Purification

Abstract: A variety of protein-bound or hydrophobic substances, accumulating as a result of pathologic conditions such as exogenous or endogenous intoxications, are removed poorly by conventional detoxification methods because of low accessibility (hemodialysis), insufficient adsorption capabilities (hemosorption), low efficiency (peritoneal dialysis), or economic limitations (high-volume plasmapheresis). Combining advantages of existing methods with microspheric technology, a module-based system was designed. Major operating parameters of the latter can be modified to allow for adjustment to individual clinical situations. An extracorporeal blood circuit including a plasmafilter is combined with a secondary high-velocity plasma circuit driven by a centrifugal pump. Different microspheric adsorbers can be combined in one circuit or applied in sequence. Thus, a prolonged treatment can be tailored using specially designed selective adsorber materials. Comparing this system with existing methods (high-flux hemodialysis, molecular adsorbent recycling system), results from our in vitro studies and animal experiments demonstrate the superior efficiency of substance removal.     

Tissue perfusion in relation to cardiac output during continuous positive-pressure ventilation and administration of propranolol or verapamil

Background : Our objective was to determine whether administration of propranolol or verapamil modifies the hemodynamic adaptation to continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV), in particular the regional distribution of cardiac output (CO).
Methods : General hemodynamics and regional blood flows assessed by microsphere technique (15 (μm) were recorded in 16 anesthetized pigs during spontaneous breathing (SB) and CPPV with 8 cm H₂O end-expiratory pressure (CPPV8) before and after intravenous administration of propranolol (0.3 mg · kg⁻¹ followed by 0.15 mg · kg⁻¹ · h⁻¹, n=8) or verapamil (0.1 mg · kg⁻¹ followed by 0.3 mg · kg⁻¹ · h⁻¹, n=8).
Results : CPPV8 depressed CO by 25% without shifts in its relative distribution with the exception of a noteworthy increase in adrenal perfusion. Propranolol increased arterial blood pressure, and due to a fall in heart rate, CO dropped by 25%. The kidneys and, to a lesser extent, the splanchic region and central nervous system received increased fractions of the remaining CO at the expense of skeletal muscle flow. Similar patterns were seen during SB and CPPV8 such that the combination of propranolol and CPPV8 depressed CO by 50%. The circulatory effects of verapamil were less evident but myocardial perfusion tended to increase.
Conclusions : The combination of propranolol or verapamil with CPPV does not result in any specific hemodynamic interaction in anesthetized pigs, except that the combined effect of propranolol and CPPV may severely reduce CO.     

Volatile anaesthetics reduce adhesion of blood platelets under low-flow conditions in the coronary system of isolated guinea pig hearts

Background : Inhibitory effects of volatile anaesthetics on platelet aggregation have been demonstrated in several studies. However, the influence of volatile anaesthetics on intracoronary platelet adhesion has not been elucidated so far.
Methods : Isolated hearts of guinea pigs were perfused with buffer in the absence or presence of volatile anaesthetics (0.5 and 1 MAC) at constant coronary flow rates of 5 ml/min for 25 min, then 1 ml/min for 30 min and again 5 ml/min for 10 min. Before, during and after low-flow perfusion, a bolus of human platelets was applied into the coronary system. To simulate thrombogenic conditions, 0.3 U/ml human thrombin was infused during low-flow perfusion and reperfusion. The number of platelets sequestered to the endothelium was calculated from the difference between coronary in- and output of platelets. The myocardial production of lactate and consumption of pyruvate and coronary perfusion pressure were also determined.
Results : At a flow rate of 5 ml/min only about 3% of the applied platelets did not emerge from the coronary system, in any group. In contrast, 13.1±1.2% (mean±SEM) of infused platelets became adherent in low-flow perfusion in the control group without anaesthetic. The adherence was reduced with each 1 MAC isoflurane (to 6.2±1.2%), sevoflurane (to 4.4±0.9%) or halothane (to 3.2±1.5%) (each P <0.05 vs. control). Volatile anaesthetic, 0.5 MAC, did not inhibit platelet adhesion to a statistically significant extent in any case. Perfusion pressure and metabolic parameters were not statistically different between the control and the hearts exposed to anaesthetics.
Conclusion : Volatile anaesthetics in a concentration of 1 MAC can reduce the adhesion of platelets in the coronary system under reduced flow conditions. This action does not arise from vasodilation or inhibition of ischaemic stress.     

Bariatric Surgery in Some "Central and East-European (former Eastern bloc)"Countries - Current Status and Prediction for the Next Millennium

Background: Obesity is increasing globallly, including in the formerly "Eastern Bloc" countries. Methods: A survey was made of obesity and bariatric surgery. Results: In the 8 East and Central European countries studied, with total population 300 million, roughly 43% of the population was overweight (BMI 25-30), 23% obese (BMI > 30), with about 15 million people morbidly obese (BMI > 40). From 0-10 morbidly obese individuals/100,000/year undergo bariatric surgery. Conclusion: Most countries were found to provide inadequate treatment for obesity.The majority of the morbidly obese are not treated effectively. However, health-care awareness of obesity and bariatric surgeons are slowly increasing.     

Is the recovery profile of mivacurium independent of the rate of decay of its plasma concentration in patients with normal plasma cholinesterase activity?

Background: The duration of action of muscle relaxants is poorly correlated to the rate of decay of their plasma concentration. The plasma concentration of mivacurium may rapidly decrease below its active concentration because of the extensive hydrolysis of mivacurium. By inflating a tourniquet on one upper limb for 3 min after the administration of atracurium, mivacurium or vecuronium, we studied the influence of the initial decline of their plasma concentration on their effect. Methods: In 50 patients anaesthetised with thiopental, isoflurane and fentanyl, the effect of bolus doses of 0.15 or 0.25 mg . kg^?1 mivacurium (MIV 15, MIV 25), 0.3 or 0.5 mg . kg^?1 atracurium (ATR 30, ATR 50) and 0.06 or 0.1 mg . kg^?1 vecuronium (VEC 06, VEC 10) were measured on both arms (evoked response of the adductor pollicis to train-of-four stimulation every 12 s), a tourniquet being applied on one arm just before and during 3 min after the muscle relaxant bolus. Results: Tourniquet inflation of 3 min almost abolished the neuromuscular effect of mivacurium. In the vecuronium groups and in the ATR 50 group, tourniquet inflation did not modify the maximum degree of depression of the twitch response. Also, the duration of action of vecuronium was unaffected by the tourniquet. In the ATR 30 group, times to return of the twitch response to 25% (duration 25%) and 75% (duration 75%) of control response were significantly shorter in the cuffed arm, 23 min vs 27 min, and 41 min vs 45 min, respectively. In the ATR 50 group, only duration 25% was significantly shorter in the cuffed arm (41 min vs 45 min). Conclusion: The results suggest that the rate of decline of the plasma concentration of mivacurium is so rapid, that a very low and almost clinically ineffective concentration is present as soon as 3 min after its administration. The results also indicate that the recovery from a mivacurium-induced neuromuscular blockade is not influenced by the rate of decay of its plasma concentration in patients with genotypically normal plasma cholinesterase.     

Membranes in Artificial Organs

Abstract: Membrane processes play a pivotal and enabling role in modern replacement therapy for acute and chronic organ failure and in the management of immunologic diseases. In fact, virtually all contemporary extracorporeal blood purification methods employ membrane devices, and the next generation of artificial organs and tissue engineering therapies are almost certain to be similarly grounded in membrane technology. In this short essay, we comment on the similarities and differences among synthetic membranes and their natural counterparts and also provide a critical overview of the demographics and technology of hemodialysis, hemofiltration, apheresis, oxygenation, and emerging membrane technologies and applications.     

Synergistic interaction between the effects of propofol and midazolam with fentanyl on phrenic nerve activity in rabbits

Background: It has been shown that the depressive effects of both propofol and midazolam on consciousness are synergistic with opioids, but the nature of their interactions on other physiological systems, e. g. respiration, has not been fully investigated. The present study examined the effect of propofol and midazolam alone and in combination with fentanyl on phrenic nerve activity (PNA) and whether such interactions are additive or synergistic. Methods: PNA was recorded in 27 anaesthetised and artificially ventilated rabbits. In three groups, propofol, fentanyl and midazolam were administered intravenously in incremental doses to construct dose-response curves for the depressant effects of each one on PNA. In another two groups, the effect of pretreatment with either fentanyl 1 μg · kg^?1 i. v. or midazolam 0.05 mg · kg^?1 i. v. on the effects of propofol and fentanyl respectively on PNA were studied. Results: Propofol and fentanyl caused a dose-dependent depression of PNA with complete abolition at the highest total doses of 16 mg · kg^?1 i. v. and 32 μg · kg^?1 i. v., respectively. In contrast, midazolam in incremental doses to a total of 0.8 mg · kg^?1 reduced mean PNA by 63%, but approximately 12% of PNA remained at a total dose as high as 6.4 mg · kg^?1. The mean ED₅₀s, calculated from dose-response curves, were 5.4 mg · kg^?1, 3.9 μg · kg^?1 and 0.4 mg · kg^?1 for propofol, fentanyl and midazolam, respectively. Initial doses of either fentanyl 1 μg · kg^?1 i. v. or midazolam 0.05 mg · kg^?1 i. v. acted synergistically with subsequent doses of either propofol or fentanyl to abolish PNA at total doses of 8 mg · kg^?1 and 8 μg · kg^?1, respectively. Conclusion: Fentanyl has a synergistic interaction with both propofol and midazolam on PNA and hence potentially on respiration.     

Influence of dopexamine hydrochloride on haemodynamics and regulators of circulation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

Background: Catecholaminergic support is often used to improve haemodynamics in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Dopexamine is a synthetic vasoactive catecholamine with beneficial microcirculatory properties. Methods: The influence of perioperative administration of dopexamine on cardiorespiratory data and important regulators of macro- and microcirculation were studied in 30 patients undergoing Whipple pancreaticduodenectomy. The patients received randomized and blinded either 2 μg · kg^?1 · min^?1 of dopexamine (n=15) or placebo (n=15, control group). The infusion was started after induction of anaesthesia and continued until the morning of the first postoperative day. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and catecholamine plasma levels were measured from arterial blood samples. Measurements were carried out after induction of anaesthesia, 2 h after onset of surgery, at the end of surgery, 2 h after surgery, and on the morning of the first postoperative day. Results: Cardiac index (CI) increased significantly in the dopexamine group (from 2.61±0.41 to 4.57±0.78 1 · min^?1 · m^?2) and remained elevated until the morning of the first postoperative day. Oxygen delivery index (DO₂I) and oxygen consumption index (VO₂I) were also significantly increased in the dopexamine group (DO₂I: from 416±91 to 717±110 ml/m² · m²; VO₂I: from 98±25 to 157±22 ml/m² · m²), being significantly higher than in the control group. pHi remained stable only in the dopexamine patients, indicating adequate splanchnic perfusion. Vasopressive regulators of circulation increased significantly only in the untreated control patients (vasopressin: from 4.37±1.1 to 35.9±12.1 pg/ml; ET-1: from 2.88±0.91 to 6.91±1.20 pg/ml). Conclusion: Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery may profit from prophylactic perioperative administration of dopexamine hydrochloride in the form of improved haemodynamics and oxygenation as well as beneficial influence on important regulators of organ blood flow.