自蔓延高温合成法合成金属陶瓷功能梯度材料研究进展

阐述了自蔓延高温合成法(SHS)制备的功能梯度材料的种类、特性及其应用前景,探讨了自蔓延高温反应合成金属陶瓷功能梯度材料的影响因素(合成原料、点火工艺、反应环境和辅助措施),并分三个阶段(准备阶段、合成阶段和后处理阶段)讨论了SHS法制备功能梯度材料应注意的技术问题,同时介绍了自蔓延法辅助其他工艺(SHS反应喷涂)制备梯度陶瓷材料技术,并提出了自蔓延高温合成法制备金属陶瓷功能梯度材料今后的发展方向。     

自蔓延高温合成制备二硅化钼基材料的研究进展

自蔓延高温合成技术因具有低成本、反应速度快和转化率高等许多优点,成为制备二硅化钼基材料的有效方法.介绍了自蔓延高温合成二硅化钼的机理和影响因素,非常规SHS技术和SHS与加工技术联用在制备二硅化钼以及二硅化钼基复合材料中的应用,在此基础上指出了自蔓延高温合成制备二硅化钼基材料今后的研究重点和发展方向.     

自蔓延高温合成技术及应用

本文综合介绍了近几年得到广泛应用的一种材料制备新方法——自蔓延高温合成的一般概念,基本原理和特征,结合加压技术,使材料的合成和密实化一步完成。并在制备陶瓷涂层,复合材料等方面具有独特优点和应用前景。今后应充分进行反应特性及与其它技术结合应用的研究。     

自蔓延高温合成技术及应用

本文综合介绍了近几年得到广泛应用的一种材料制备新方法-自蔓延高温合成的一般概念，基本原理和特征，结合加压技术，使材料的合成和密实化一步完成，并在制备陶瓷涂层，复合材料等方面具有独特优点和应用前景，今后应充分进行反应特性及与其它技术结合应用的研究。     

自蔓延高温合成技术新进展

介绍了自蔓延高温合成（SHS）技术的发展和国内外研究概况，包括制备工艺、应用领域等。分析了自蔓延高温合成技术的最新研究动向。     

反应球磨技术制备纳米材料

本文综述了反应球磨技术制备纳米材料的研究及应用 ,重点对反应球磨反应机理作了探讨。研究表明球磨过程中引入的高密度缺陷和纳米界面大大促进了自蔓延高温合成 (SHS)反应的进行 ,且反应在纳米态下进行     

自蔓延反应喷涂技术最新研究及进展

自蔓延反应喷涂技术是近年来产生的一种新的涂层制备技术,它将反应合成技术与喷涂技术相结合,在陶瓷/金属复合涂层制备领域取得了重大突破.围绕自蔓延反应喷涂技术及相关理论研究,综述了该技术的制备方法和最新研究现状,并展望了SHS反应喷涂的研究发展趋势.     

自蔓燃法制备多孔材料的研究现状与展望

多孔材料是一种性能优异的新型功能材料和结构材料,随着研究的不断深入和应用领域的不断拓展,多孔材料必将对材料科学技术产生重大而深远的影响。阐述了自蔓延高温合成技术在多孔材料制备中的技术特点和发展现状;对自蔓延法制备多孔材料的化学反应可行性、反应热学、动力学进行理论分析,结合实验对这一合成技术进行全面论述;对制备过程中成分设计、密度和加热工艺对发泡效果的影响作了较为详尽的说明。     

自反应喷射成型TiC-TiB2基结构陶瓷材料及其可行性分析

借助具有快速凝固特点的金属喷射成型思想,引入自蔓延高温合成技术,开发了一种制备新结构陶瓷材料的低成本、近终成型方法--自反应喷射成型陶瓷材料技术,并利用该技术制备了TiC-TiB2基结构陶瓷材料.通过理论分析与初步实验研究,论证了其可行性,并分析了材料的组织结构.     

反应球磨技术制备纳米材料

本文综述了反应球磨技术制备纳米材料的研究及应用，重点对反应球磨反应机理作了探讨，研究表明球磨过程中引入的高密度缺陷和纳米界面大大促进了自蔓延高温合成（SHS）反应的进行，且反应在纳米态下进行。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。