吉非替尼与多西紫杉醇二线治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效比较

目的 探讨吉非替尼与多西紫杉醇单药二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和不良反应。方法 将既往一线化疗失败的62例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为吉非替尼组和多西紫杉醇组进行治疗观察。结果吉非替尼组疾病控制率为56.3％,1年生存率为37.5％;多西紫杉醇组疾病控制率为43.3％,1年生存率为33.3％。两组疾病控制率比较差异无...     

关于吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌副反应分析

目的观察吉非替尼单药对化疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌的毒性反应。方法 41例既往化疗失败的非小细胞肺癌患者,口服吉非替尼250mg,每日1次直到病情进展或出现不可耐受的不良反应停药,同时评价疗效及药物不良反应。结果 41例患者中皮疹发生率60.98%;腹泻发生率26.83%,其中一例发生严重间质性肺炎。结论吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效好,但有皮疹、腹泻、肝肾功能损伤、间质性肺炎等副作用。     

吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的 观察吉非替尼单药治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效与不良反应.方法 24例Ⅲ～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者口服吉非替尼(易瑞沙)250 mg/d,1次顿服,不限疗程,直至出现严重不良反应或因经济问题或死亡而终止.观察临床症状改善情况、不良反应,通过CT扫描判断疗效.结果 24例患者中完全缓解2例,部分缓解12例,稳定6例,进展4例,有效率为58.3%,疾病控制率为83.3%,主要不良反应为腹泻.结论 吉非替尼应用于放、化疗失败或不能耐受放、化疗的非小细胞肺癌患者是安全的,患者耐受性好.     

多西他赛单药或联合顺铂在分子靶向治疗失败的非小细胞肺癌中的临床应用研究

目的探讨多西他赛单药或联合顺铂在分子靶向治疗失败的非小细胞肺癌中治疗疗效和安全性。方法 32例非小细胞肺癌患者,曾接受过分子靶向治疗(吉非替尼或厄洛替尼),靶向治疗后出现疾病进展,随机分成多西他赛单药组和多西他赛联合顺铂组,单药组13例,联合组19例。比较两组近期疗效、毒副作用及活动状况改善情况。结果多西他赛单药组有效率(CR+PR)23.1%,疾病控制率(CR+PR+NC)61.5%,多西他赛联合顺铂组,有效率26.3%,疾病控制率68.4%,两组有效率、疾病控制率相当,差异无统计学差异(P0.05);两组毒副反应,联合组的恶性呕吐、白细胞下降发生率明显高于单药组,有统计学差异(P0.05);活动状况改善率分别为84.6%和31.6%,单药组的活动状况改善率明显较高,与对照组相比差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论多西他赛单药和多西他赛联合顺铂均是分子靶向治疗失败后可以选择的方案,都可以取得一定的治疗效果,其中单药组毒副作用较小。     

吉非替尼联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗老年人中晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的 观察吉非替尼联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗老年人中晚期非小细胞肺癌( NSCLC)的临床疗效和不良反应. 方法 88例Ⅲb～Ⅳ期NSCLC患者随机分为联合组(46例)和单药组(42例).联合组采用吉非替尼联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗,单药组采用吉非替尼治疗.治疗60 d后,观察两组近期疗效、不良反应及评价生活质量,随访2年评价客观疗效和生存率. 结果 联合组近期疗效有效率为19.6％,单药组为11.9％,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.096,P＞0.05).联合组Karnofsky计分提高和稳定者71.7％,单药组50.0％,联合组生活质量改善高于单药组(x2=4.376,P＜0.05);与单药组相比,联合组不良反应发生率稍低于单药组,差异无统计学意义;两组2年生存率未见显著性差异(x2 =0.556,P＞0.05). 结论 吉非替尼联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗中晚期NSCLC临床疗效肯定,不良反应小,生活质量改善明显,值得临床推广.     

外周血DNA EGFR基因CA-SSR多态与晚期非小细胞肺癌吉非替尼临床疗效的关系

目的探讨外周血DNA表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）基因第1内含子区CA-SSR多态性与晚期非小细胞肺癌患者吉非替尼临床疗效的相关性。方法采用PCR扩增和序列测定的方法对60例接受过吉非替尼治疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者外周血DNA进行分析,确定CA-SSR多态的基因型,统计分析CA-SSR多态性与吉非替尼临床疗效的相关性。结果在60例患者中短CA重复序列的患者（至少一条等位基因CA重复数≤16）吉非替尼治疗后的临床获益率为85.7%,而长CA重复序列的患者（两条等位基因CA重复数均〉16）治疗后的临床获益率为48.7%,CA-SSR多态性与近期疗效具有显著的相关性（P〈0.05）,但两组患者的无进展生存和总生存均未显示出著性差异。结论外周血DNA EGFR基因第1内含子中CA-SSR多态性可以用于临床预测晚期非小细胞肺癌患者吉非替尼的近期疗效。     

吉非替尼在晚期非小细胞肺癌维持治疗的作用

目的 观察吉非替尼对既往化学治疗有效的晚期(Ⅳ期)非小细胞肺癌维持治疗的疗效和安全性.方法 在15例经病理学确诊的非小细胞肺癌经4～6个周期含铂类方案化疗后取得临床完全缓解和部分缓解患者中,随机选取2例Ⅳ期肺腺癌患者予以吉非替尼维持治疗,250 mg/次,1次/d,口服.结果 2例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者肺部肿瘤进一步缩小,胸腔积液、心包积液消失.病例1放射性核素骨显像示转移病灶放射性浓聚程度明显降低.病例2 MRI显示颅内多发转移病灶稳定.患者生活质量显著提高,KPS评分提高30,症状改善率达100%.不良反应为皮疹和腹泻(Ⅰ级),不需处理.结论 吉非替尼用于既往化疗显效的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的维持治疗有较好的疗效和安全性.同时可改善患者的相关症状,提高生活质量.     

BRCA1表达与吉非替尼治疗EGFR基因突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效的关系

目的：探讨BRCA1表达与吉非替尼治疗EGFR突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效关系。方法：纳入我院2013年1月至2014年11月确诊为EGFR突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌的患者50例,口服吉非替尼进行治疗,直至疾病进展或者出现不可耐受的毒副反应,采用免疫组织化学方法检测EGFR突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中BRCA1的表达情况,并通过收集的临床资料回顾性分析吉非替尼对EGFR突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌病人的治疗效果。结果：BRCA1高表达率为36.00%(18/50),BRCA1高表达组吉非替尼有效率为33.33%(6/18),BRCA1低表达组吉非替尼有效率为68.75%(22/32),两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：吉非替尼治疗EGFR突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中,BRCA1低表达患者受益比高表达患者明显,BRCA1可以作为吉非替尼治疗EGFR突变型晚期非小细胞肺癌的预测因素。     

老年晚期非小细胞肺癌单药二线培美曲塞或多西他赛化疗的临床观察

目的比较单药二线培美曲塞或多西他赛化疗治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的疗效和不良反应。方法老年复发晚期NSCLC患者共56例,26例单药培美曲塞化疗：培美曲塞500 mg/m2,第1天静脉滴注,每3～4周为1周期; 30例单药多西他赛化疗：多西他赛35 mg/m2,第1,8,15天静脉滴注,每4周为1周期。结果培美曲塞组和多西他赛组有效率分别为23.11%、20.0%,中位生存期分别为9.8月、8.1月,1年生存率分别为19.2%、20.0%。2组不良反应均可耐受,培美曲塞组未发生Ⅲ度和Ⅳ度血液学不良反应。结论老年晚期NSCLC患者可从单药二线培美曲塞或多西他赛化疗中获益; 培美曲塞不良反应更轻微。     

吉非替尼治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的 探讨表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂吉非替尼治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及不良反应. 方法 选择46例≥65岁老年晚期NSCLC患者,吉非替尼250 mg,口服,每日1次,服用至病情进展(PD)或出现不可耐受的不良反应.患者在治疗后每月进行复查. 结果 本组46例均可评价疗效,其中部分缓解(PR)12例(26.09%)、稳定(SD)20例(43.48%)、PD 14例(30.43%).疾病控制率(PR+SD)为69.57%.中位疾病进展时间(TTP)为3.8月,1年生存率为28.26%,肿瘤相关症状改善率为63.33%.常见不良反应为皮疹和腹泻,大部分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ度. 结论 吉非替尼单药治疗老年晚期NSCLC疗效明确,不良反应相对较小,患者耐受性好.     

厄洛替尼治疗化疗失败的晚期肺癌的临床研究

目的探讨厄洛替尼治疗化疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的临床疗效和毒副反应。方法 43例经化疗失败的晚期NSCLC患者每日口服厄洛替尼150mg治疗,直至病情进展或患者不能耐受毒副反应时停药,对临床疗效、无疾病进展时间和毒副反应等进行分析。结果全组43例患者中PR14例,占32.6%;SD12例,占27.9%;PD17例,占39.5%;疾病控制率（CR＋PR＋SD）为60.5%。常见毒副反应为皮疹、腹泻。结论厄洛替尼治疗化疗失败的晚期NSCLC有一定疗效,毒副反应轻。     

Doxetaxel in previously treated non-small cell lung cancer patients: clinical efficacy and quality of life

Docetaxel (Taxotere) is one of the most active new generation chemotherapy agents against advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to determine the activity, toxicity and impact on the quality of life (QOL) in patients treated with docetaxel after failure with first-line platinum-based combination chemotherapy. Twenty-one patients with advanced NSCLC who had previously received the platinum-containing regimen were treated with docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. QOL was assessed at intervals during the treatment period using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment - Lung (FACT-L). Of the 21 patients enrolled, 16 were able to be evaluated for response and 20 were included in the toxicity analysis. The median age was 57 (range, 39-75 years). A median of 3 cycles was given (range, 1-9). Of the 16 evaluatable patients, there was one partial response (6.3%) and 4 with stable disease (25%). The median survival time was 8.1 months and the 1-year survival rate was 25%. Myelosuppression and peripheral neuropathy were the major toxicities. Grade 3/4 neutropenia and paresthesia occurred in 6 patients (30%) and 3 patients (15%), respectively. There was no significant improvement or deterioration in the overall FACT-L, TOI (Trial Outcome Index) and lung cancer symptom scores during the treatment. Symptom improvement was noted, in particular for shortness of breath and weight loss in the majority of patients. It is concluded that docetaxel is a well tolerated second-line treatment for recurrent NSCLC. Of particular importance was that the treatment did not negatively impact the overall quality of life, on the contrary, did palliate some of the lung cancer related dash symptoms in many patients.     

小剂量多西他赛治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效研究

目的 观察小剂量多西他赛单药治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效和不良反应.方法 46例老年NSCLC（Ⅲ～Ⅳ期）患者均经病理学或细胞学检查确诊.应用江苏恒瑞生产多西他赛（艾素）35mg/m2,1次/周,连用6周,休息两周为1周期,两周期后评价疗效.结果 46例患者均可评价疗效,CR 1例,PR 11例,有效率26.0%,中位生存期8.3个月,中位疾病进展时间（TTP）7.2个月,1年生存率45.5%.主要不良反应为白细胞减少和过敏反应,均可耐受.结论 小剂量多西他赛单药治疗老年晚期NSCLC疗效确切,可改善老年患者生存质量,延长生存期,不良反应轻.     

Impact of gefitinib (‘Iressa’) treatment on the quality of life of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Purpose: Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a short life expectancy; therefore, in addition to increasing their survival, improving their quality of life (QoL) is also an important treatment goal. Methods: We evaluated the QoL of patients with advanced NSCLC who were unfit to receive chemotherapy, failed to respond or progress following prior chemotherapy, who received subsequent treatment with gefitinib (‘Iressa’) on a compassionate use basis, using a standard QoL questionnaire, (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and the related lung cancer-specific module QLQ-LC13. Results: Analysis of the functional scales showed a trend towards improvement for role, emotional and cognitive scales, while a substantial stability was seen for general QoL scale. Analysis of the symptoms scales of QLQ-C30, showed a trend towards improvement for fatigue, dyspnoea, insomnia, and constipation, after one month of therapy. Fifty-six of the 57 patients were considered evaluable for response. One patient evidenced a partial response (patient is still on response), 29 patients had stable disease for a median duration of 5months (range 4–7 months), and 26 patients progressed. Conclusions: After treatment with Gefitinib, we observed maintenance of QoL in a group of patients with poor prognosis that would be expected to have a worsening QoL. Furthermore important symptoms like dyspnoea fatigue and pain in other parts, that usually afflict patients with NSCLC, showed a trend toward improvement after only one month of therapy. ‘Iressa is a trademark of the AstraZeneca group of companies     

红景天注射液联合化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效评价

目的：探讨红景天注射液联合化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床效果。方法选取2012年3月至2015年1月于我院诊治的晚期 NSCLC 患者共117例进行研究,随机原则分为研究组(n =59)和对照组(n =58)。对照组实施长春瑞滨联合顺铂常规化疗,研究组采用常规化疗联合红景天注射液治疗。比较2组患者治疗前后细胞免疫功能、生活质量评分、药物毒性反应,并评定临床疗效。结果对照组患者在化疗1个周期后的细胞免疫功能指标(自然杀伤细胞、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+)均明显下降(P <0.05),研究组的细胞免疫功能明显优于对照组(t 值分别为4.265、3.052、2.816、2.017,P 值均<0.05);研究组和对照组的生活质量评分总稳定率分别为89.83%和75.86%,近期总有效率分别为67.80%和46.55%,研究组均高于对照组(χ2值分别为4.034、5.398, P 值均<0.05);研究组的骨髓抑制发生情况低于对照组(χ2=5.341,P <0.05)。结论对晚期NSCLC 患者行红景天注射液联合化疗治疗,患者细胞免疫功能、生活质量明显改善,药物毒性反应低,效果显著,值得推广。     

多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的观察多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的有效性和安全性。方法一线化疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者62例采用多西他赛联合奥沙利铂化疗,每3周重复,化疗3周期后,按WHO目标病灶缓解标准进行近期疗效和毒副反应评价。结果 62例患者均完成至少3周期化疗,总有效率35.4%,其中CR 3例,PR 19例。主要毒性为骨髓抑制,消化道反应,脱发等。结论多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗一线化疗失败的非小细胞肺癌有较好的确切疗效,并且毒性反应可以控制,耐受性好,可作为晚期非小细胞肺癌二线治疗的标准方案。     

Targeted therapy for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a review of the epidermal growth factor receptor antagonists

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death. The vast majority of patients present with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in advanced inoperable stages. The current first-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC includes chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy, but most patients relapse and eventually succumb to the disease. Advances in our knowledge of cancer cell biology have led to the development of specific molecular-targeted therapeutic agents. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been identified in NSCLC cells, and overexpression of the EGFR and its ligands is a common feature of many cancers; therefore, EGFR has become an attractive target for various antitumor strategies. Aberrant signaling from the EGFR is known to be important in the development and progression of NSCLC. Two oral EGFR inhibitors, gefitinib and erlotinib, are small-molecule agents that selectively inhibit the intracellular tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR. Both have demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with advanced NSCLC who have failed all prior treatment regimens. In addition, the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab has shown promising activity in both first-line and second-line settings in patients with advanced NSCLC. Furthermore, patients with severe comorbidities who would not be eligible for systemic chemotherapy are candidates for these targeted therapies. Finally, these agents have also been shown to be effective for relieving symptoms, maintaining stable disease, and improving quality of life without the adverse events that may be associated with cytotoxic cancer therapies. This report will review the mechanism of action, indications, contraindications, patient selection, and efficacy and side effects of this new class of compounds. It is important for pulmonologists to be aware of this class of compounds, as they can provide benefit to patients with NSCLC who may not have been previously considered for antitumor therapy.