一种混合神经网络飞行控制方法研究

讨论了一种基于神经网络控制的飞行控制方法。针对复杂非线性系统难以建立精确模型的特点,利用神经网络的任意非线性逼近能力进行控制器设计,首先应用神经网络在线辨识对象逆模型,进行控制系统反馈线性化;接着利用circle theorem（圆定理）设计线性PID鲁棒控制器,控制系统输出跟随系统输入,然后应用神经网路自适应逆方法设计混合控制器,最后以F-8飞机纵向飞行控制模态为研究对象进行仿真。仿真结果表明,该控制方法具有较强的自适应和抗干扰能力。     

磁悬浮球系统的神经网络辨识及变结构控制

磁悬浮球系统是一个典型的非线性的不稳定的系统,基于对其建模的复杂性和不准确性,文章利用神经网络能逼近任意非线性函数这一特性,对磁悬浮球系统进行辨识;再根据滑模变结构控制原理设计了磁悬浮球系统的变结构控制器,利用MATLAB对系统进行建模仿真,仿真结果表明,RBF网络能很好地逼近本磁悬浮球系统;滑模变结构控制对于此非线性系统有较好的控制效果,小球能很快地悬浮在平衡位置,该控制系统具有较好的稳态特性和抗干扰性.     

基于Elman网络的非线性系统神经元自适应预测控制

提出在非线性系统的E1man网络辨识模型的基础上，用单神经元设计预测控制器的方案。Elman网络在BP网络的基础上，加入反馈信号，利用内部状态反馈来描述系统的非线性动力学行为，提高了学习速度，适合于动态系统的实时辨识。神经元结构简单，且有很强的自学习和自适应能力，它根据系统的期望输出与一步超前预测输出之间的偏差，并通过某种特定的学习算法在线调整控制器的参数，使控制器能够适应对象参数的变化，从而实现对一类非线性系统的有效控制。仿真实验证明了该方案的有效性。     

基于偏格式线性化的MIMO系统无模型自适应控制

针对常规PID控制器不能很好兼顾抗干扰性与鲁棒性以及基于模型的控制算法过于依赖受控系统数学模型的缺点,提出一种适用于离散时间多输入多输出(MIMO)非线性系统的无模型自适应控制算法.该算法首先通过偏格式线性化方法将非线性系统线性化,再利用一种新型的投影算法在线辨识受控系统参数,根据辨识得到的受控系统参数直接递推计算无模...     

基于Ziegler-Nichols频率响应方法的自适应PID控制

提出一种基于Ziegler-Nichols频率响应方法的自适应PID控制器,它通过控制回路正常运行中的过程对象输入输出数据在线辨识出过程对象重要的临界频率响应特性,然后基于Zieger-Nichols整定规则或改进的方法在线更新PID控制器参数.PID控制器的自适应过程不需要系统的任何先验知识,也不需要建立任何对象模型,可以保证控制回路始终运行在最佳状态.仿真实验表明了自适应PID控制的有效性和可行性.     

神经网络在细纱机中的应用

介绍了一种基于PLC和DSP的细纱杌控制系统.该系统针对细纱机控制系统的非线性与传统PID控制方法的不足,提出了一种改进型基于RBF神经网络在线辨识的单神经元PID自适应控制方法.该方法构造了一个RBF网络对系统进行在线辨识,建立起在线参考模型,由单神经元控制器完成控制器参数的学习,从而实现控制器参数的在线调整.仿真试验结果表明.该控制器控制精度高,动态性能好,其控制效果优于传统的PID控制器.     

磁悬浮系统的HOPF分岔自适应控制研究

磁悬浮固有系统是非线性的,也是本质不稳定的,其稳定性设计比较复杂,特别是在受到较大干扰和对象参数发生较大变化时,系统容易失去稳定并发散.理论分析与试验表明,这种现象的数学解释就是系统出现了HOPF分岔.为此,本文提出了一种用HOPF分岔规律调整非线性系统PID控制器参数的自适应设计方法,通过辨识干扰或者对象参数的变化,自动调整控制参数,使闭环系统远离HOPF分岔点,从而继续保持稳定.以悬浮质量突变为例的仿真表明,由此整定悬浮控制比例增益参数,可使磁悬浮系统获得较大的状态稳定范围,并有效回避自激振动.     

嵌入式神经网络PID控制器的研究与设计

设计了一种基于嵌入式系统的神经网络PID控制器,以ARM芯片为控制器核心,实现对难以建立精确数学模型的非线性系统的自适应控制;控制器采用RBF神经网络对被控对象进行在线辨识,并根据辨识结果对控制器的参数进行在线修正,实现PID控制器的自适应;该控制器体积小、适应能力强且省电;实验结果表明,该控制器可靠性高,响应快,可以在无法确定被控系统数学模型的情况下达到理想的控制效果.     

磁悬浮系统的非线性控制

针对普通线性化控制方法不能满足磁悬浮系统的全局稳定的问题，研究了基于非线性磁悬浮系统模型的精确反馈线性化控制算法设计方法。建立了磁悬浮系统非线性模型，利用状态反馈将系统精确线性化，然后通过极点配置，按照动态性能设计指标计算出控制参数，得到符合工程实践要求的反馈算法。仿真和实验证明了这种控制方法能够保证磁悬浮控制系统的动态特性。同时具有较好的抗干扰能力。     

一类未知参数非线性系统的自适应无源控制

对一类含有未知参数的本质非线性系统,通常的Backstepping方法无法应用.为此,提出一种基于状态反馈的自适应无源控制对策,通过对非线性系统进行反馈无源化控制,设计自适应无源镇定控制器和自适应无源输出跟踪控制器.设计中适当调节自适应无源控制器参数,能够保证闭环系统稳定且所有信号全局一致有界,从而解决了此类含有未知参数非线性系统的稳定性和输出跟踪问题.仿真算例验证了提出控制方案的有效性,表明系统具有较强的稳定性和跟踪特性.     

Online linearization-based neural predictive control of air–fuel ratio in SI engines with PID feedback correction scheme

Model predictive control (MPC) frequently uses online identification to overcome model mismatch. However, repeated online identification does not suit the real-time controller, due to its heavy computational burden. This work presents a computationally efficient constrained MPC scheme using nonlinear prediction and online linearization based on neural models for controlling air–fuel ratio of spark ignition engine to its stoichiometric value. The neural model for AFR identification has been trained offline. The model mismatch is taken care of by incorporating a PID feedback correction scheme. Quadratic programming using active set method has been applied for nonlinear optimization. The control scheme has been tested on mean value engine model simulations. It has been shown that neural predictive control with online linearization using PID feedback correction gives satisfactory performance and also adapts to the change in engine systems very quickly.     

双电磁铁悬浮系统的非线性解耦控制器设计

Aiming at the coupling characteristic between the two groups of electromagnets embedded in the module of the maglev train, a nonlinear decoupling controller is designed. The module is modeled as a double-electromagnet system, and based on some reasonable assumptions its nonlinear mathematical model, a MIMO coupling system, is derived. To realize the linearization and decoupling from the input to the output, the model is linearized exactly by means of feedback linearization, andan equivalent linear decoupling model is obtained. Based on the linear model, a nonlinear suspension controller is designed using state feedback. Simulations and experiments show that the controller can effectually solve the coupling problem in double-electromagnet suspension system.     

Reconstruction of cylinder pressure for SI engine using recurrent neural network

Model predictive control (MPC) frequently uses online identification to overcome model mismatch. However, repeated online identification does not suit the real-time controller, due to its heavy computational burden. This work presents a computationally efficient constrained MPC scheme using nonlinear prediction and online linearization based on neural models for controlling air–fuel ratio of spark ignition engine to its stoichiometric value. The neural model for AFR identification has been trained offline. The model mismatch is taken care of by incorporating a PID feedback correction scheme. Quadratic programming using active set method has been applied for nonlinear optimization. The control scheme has been tested on mean value engine model simulations. It has been shown that neural predictive control with online linearization using PID feedback correction gives satisfactory performance and also adapts to the change in engine systems very quickly.     

Design of Nonlinear Decoupling Controller for Double-electromagnet Suspension System

Aiming at the coupling characteristic between the two groups of electromagnets embedded in the module of the maglev train, a nonlinear decoupling controller is designed. The module is modeled as a double-electromagnet system, and based on some reasonable assumptions its nonlinear mathematical model, a MIMO coupling system, is derived. To realize the linearization and decoupling from the input to the output, the model is linearized exactly by means of feedback linearization, and an equivalent linear decoupling model is obtained. Based on the linear model, a nonlinear suspension controller is designed using state feedback. Simulations and experiments show that the controller can effectually solve the coupling problem in double-electromagnet suspension system.     

Adaptive neural network control of flexible joint robots based on feedback linearization

A robust adaptive neural network controller is presented for flexible joint robots using feedback linearization techniques. The controller is based on an approach of using an additional neural network to provide adaptive enhancements to a bask fixed nonlinear controller which can be either neural-network-based or model-used. The weights of the additional neural network are updated on-line based on direct adaptive techniques. It is shown that if Gaussian radial basis function networks are used for the additional neural network, uniformly stable adaptation is assured and asymptotic tracking of the position reference signal is achieved. Intensive computer simulations on a two-link flexible joint robot have shown that the controller can belter handle dynamical model changes and parameter uncertainties than the conventional feedback linearization controller     

无人机全电式自主刹车系统滑模极值搜索控制

常规主动刹车系统采用在线辨识跑道特征的算法,但仍需依赖摩擦模型先验知识,难以应对复杂跑道工况.为克服上述问题,提出一种滑模极值搜索控制策略并应用于无人机全电式自主刹车系统.考虑电动作动机构非线性特性,建立系统的状态空间模型并合理简化为严格反馈形式,采用超扭曲算法估计结合系数的梯度,结合反馈线性化控制律得到刹车压力参考值,证明此控制作用下可实现对未知最优滑移率的渐近跟踪.采用反演控制的思想设计无抖振滑模控制器实现对参考刹车压力的跟踪.利用Lyapunov方法获得系统的渐近稳定性条件并分析控制参数对系统的影响.半实物仿真试验结果表明控制策略的有效性.     

弹性轨道上的磁悬浮系统控制方法研究

为了解决磁悬浮列车系统的车轨耦合振动问题,建立了磁悬浮系统的车轨模型,将非线性磁悬浮系统进行了反馈线性化。以线性化之后的系统为研究对象,分析了常规的状态反馈控制方法容易引起车轨耦合振动的原因,提出了一种抑制磁悬浮系统车轨耦合振动的方法,有效地抑制了磁悬浮列车的车轨耦合振动。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

磁悬浮列车的双环控制

为了增强控制系统对磁悬浮列车系统参数变化的适应性,将磁悬浮系统分为电流环和位置环进行控制.对于电流环系统,采用模型参考自适应控制方法进行控制,使得在电磁线圈参数变化的情况下,电流环的性能能够保持稳定,这样就将三阶非线性磁悬浮系统降阶为二阶系统;对于二阶系统,首先采用反馈线性化控制方法将系统线性化,然后采用PD控制算法进行控制,从而确保系统在不同工作点处的性能一致.仿真实验结果证明,该方法使磁悬浮列车的适应能力得到了明显的提高.