一种改进的全变差盲图像复原方法

当点传播函数未知或不确知的情况下,从观察到的退化图像中复原原始图像的过程称为图像盲复原.传统的图像盲复原算法常采用最小均方误差作为复原效果的评判准则,但它很少考虑人类视觉心理,而图像最终都必须由人类的视觉系统来观测和解释.因此,本文提出一种新的基于人类视觉特性的图像盲复原算法:它采用交替最小化的结构,在模糊辨识阶段,采用全变差正则化算法;在复原阶段,采用基于Weber定律和全变差正则化相结合的算法.仿真实验表明,这种算法可在未知点扩展函数的情况下取得较好的复原效果.     

水下数字图像盲复原算法研究

图像复原的目的是从观测到的退化图像重建原始图像,它是图像处理、模式识别、机器视觉等的基础。盲复原作为其中一个重要分支,其主要思想是在点扩展函数未知的情况下,力求获得最佳的清晰效果。由于水下图像退化模型中点扩展函数一般为高斯模型,故针对此提出误差一参数估计法,根据图像退化过程,给出频率域的误差形式,并选定参数的变化范围,再利用复原算法做出误差参数曲线,由此估计出点扩展函数的参数值,最后利用经典的复原算法,如维纳滤波对退化图像进行复原。实验证明该方法获得了比较清楚的复原效果。     

基于先验信息和正则化技术的图像复原算法的研究

在湍流退化图像复原研究中,为了消除大气湍流的影响,提出了一种基于先验信息和正则化技术的盲解卷积图像复原算法.该算法是以极大似然估计为基本原理,将目标图像和点扩展函数的先验信息以惩罚项的形式引入到极大似然函数中,同时利用正则化技术优化目标图像和点扩展函数的估计过程,以增加极大似然估计算法的收敛性和稳定性.通过退化图像的复原实验结果表明,该算法在退化模型完全未知的情况下,可以有效的实现对湍流退化图像的盲复原.     

基于神经网络和维纳滤波的半盲离焦图像复原

本文提出了一种基于小波神经网络和维纳(Wiener)滤波的半盲离焦图像复原算法,首先提取训练图像的小波域特点参数向量,将该参数用来训练小波神经网络,利用训练好的网络估计图像离焦模糊参数.由离焦模糊参数获得点扩展函数,然后用Wiener滤波完成图像的复原.实验结果表明:该方法能有效地估计离焦模糊参数和复原模糊图像.     

基于飞行参数约束的湍流退化图像快速复原算法

为了克服盲目去卷积求解点扩展函数中由于点扩展函数大小的不确定性引起的复原图像的模糊和振铃现象,提出了一种基于飞行参数估计点扩展函数大小的湍流退化图像快速复原算法.利用飞行参数中飞行马赫数、高度、攻角等已知的先验条件来估计,最扩展函数大小,并建立了一个点扩展函数大小与飞行参数的函数表达式,解决了点扩展函数估计的盲目性,减少了估计时间,提高了退化图像复原校正的质量与速度.仿真试验结果表明:该方法对提高图像复原的速度与质量有明显效果.     

湍流退化红外图像校正算法

针对高速湍流场引起的红外图像模糊问题,提出了一种基于改进增量Wiener滤波的复原校正算法.首先,基于先验知识对湍流退化图像的降晰函数进行辨识并得到复原图像的起始估计;其次,提取起始复原图像中的强边缘并平滑边缘区域;最后,利用改进的增量维纳滤波算法迭代复原图像.实验结果表明:该算法与传统的迭代盲复原算法及基于Fuzzy滤波器的后期去振铃算法相比,复原图像的振铃测度有较大下降,同时提高了复原图像的质量,降低了算法的时间复杂度.     

基于超分辨力图像复原算法的模糊系统辨识

由于利用已有的知识和经验得到的点扩散函数(PSF)估计值与真实值之间的偏差会直接影响图像复原质量。为准确地估计PSF,使其向真实的点扩散函数类型和参量逼近,采用超分辨力图像复原MPML算法同几种常用的数字图像去模糊处理进行比较分析,通过实验表明：MPML算法具有其他几种算法的优势,同时减少了对原有信息的丢失;在此基础的同时,按照点扩散函数的分类,分析了点扩散函数的不同估计值及其对图像复原的影响,提出基于超分辨力图像复原算法的图像细节评价参数D,保证了复原图像主观效果和评价参数的一致性。对于模糊图像的系统辨识及其图像复原问题的解决具有实际意义,但对于附加较大噪声条件下的图像复原仍是需要进一步研究的问题。     

一种改进的总变分正则化图像盲复原方法

传统的图像复原算法多数采用最小均方误差作为图像复原效果的评价标准,很少考虑人的视觉感受。本文在总变分盲复原算法的基础上结合Weber定律和正则化方法,运用不同的迭代表达式：在模糊辨识阶段,采用总变分正则化算法进行辨识;在图像复原阶段,采用Weber定律和正则化方法相结合。正则化的选择充分考虑图像的细节保持和边缘增强。实验结果采用基于人眼视觉感受的图像评价标准来验证。实验证明该算法在未知点扩散函数的情况下不但能有效的抑制噪声和消除纹波现象,而且还能有较好的视觉效果。     

基于迭代滤波盲复原算法的水下图像噪声去除

摘要：图像复原的目的是从观测到的退化图像重建原始图像,维纳滤波与约束去卷积滤波是比较常采用的复原方法。在未知降质函数的情况下,直接运用维纳滤波和约束去卷积滤波有一定困难。针对此提出以维纳滤波与约束去卷积滤波为模型的迭代滤波盲复原算法对水下图像进行去噪。实验证明,该方法获得了比较理想的复原效果。     

基于APEX方法的改进图像复原算法

在湍流退化图像复原研究中,提出了一种基于APEX方法的改进图像复原算法.该算法采用APEX方法的基本原理,结合真实湍流退化图像的频谱信息特征, 对APEX方法中点扩展函数的估计过程进行了相应的改进,采用多方向的综合估计代替原有一次性估计,从而减少了点扩展函数的估计误差,增加了APEX方法的稳定性.对改进算法和原有算法进行了对比性实验研究,其结果表明,该算法对湍流退化图像的复原较原有算法在稳定性上有一定的提高,减少了随机噪声对图像复原的影响.     

Blur identification by residual spectral matching

The estimation of the point spread function (PSF) for blur identification, often a necessary first step in the restoration of real images, method is presented. The PSF estimate is chosen from a collection of candidate PSFs, which may be constructed using a parametric model or from experimental measurements. The PSF estimate is selected to provide the best match between the restoration residual power spectrum and its expected value, derived under the assumption that the candidate PSF is equal to the true PSF. Several distance measures were studied to determine which one provides the best match. The a priori knowledge required is the noise variance and the original image spectrum. The estimation of these statistics is discussed, and the sensitivity of the method to the estimates is examined analytically and by simulations. The method successfully identified blurs in both synthetically and optically blurred images.     

任意方向匀速直线运动模糊的点扩展函数估计

在运动图像复原中,建立图像退化模型的关键是找到准确的点扩展函数(PSF)。提出了一种基于单幅图像的、改进的任意方向匀速直线运动模糊PSF的估计方法。利用基于图像频谱亮线灰度特征的方向鉴别方法鉴别模糊图像的模糊方向,利用微分自相关的方法对模糊图像的模糊尺寸进行计算,通过计算模糊图像沿二维直线运动方向不同距离的重叠度,来计算得到相应的PSF。通过开展仿真分析和成像实验,演示了PSF估计和图像复原过程。通过采用图像质量评价函数,将图像复原结果与现有算法进行对比,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

气动光学效应红外序列退化图像优化复原算法

从时间序列退化图像中依次连续取两帧图像来估计湍流瞬态点扩展函数,将约束优化原理应用在气动光学效应退化图像的复原过程中。针对气动光学效应湍流点扩展函数复杂多峰、随机多变等特性,在点扩展函数的估计过程中,采用保凸峰等优化策略,将点扩展函数离散值的计算转化为基于松弛迭代的最优化估计,通过极小化准则函数估计点扩展函数值,进而恢复退化图像。实验结果表明,本文方法复原效果好,速度较快。     

实拍运动模糊图像的退化参数估计与复原

针对实拍运动模糊图像的复原问题,分析了实拍图像与仿真模糊图像的特征差异,提出一种适用于实拍图像退化参数估计的方法.首先计算退化图像的倒谱,选用倒谱灰度极小值的绝对值作为阈值把倒谱变为二值图像,再去除中心的十字亮线;然后用点到直线的距离公式计算出二值图像的亮条纹方向,即得运动模糊方向;最后以退化图像中心为旋转轴,将运动模糊方向旋转至水平方向,用差分自相关法计算模糊尺度.把估计的点扩散函数(PSF)代入维纳滤波算法复原实拍图像,复原效果证明参数估计结果正确.     

A regularization approach to joint blur identification and imagerestoration

The primary difficulty with blind image restoration, or joint blur identification and image restoration, is insufficient information. This calls for proper incorporation of a priori knowledge about the image and the point-spread function (PSF). A well-known space-adaptive regularization method for image restoration is extended to address this problem. This new method effectively utilizes, among others, the piecewise smoothness of both the image and the PSF. It attempts to minimize a cost function consisting of a restoration error measure and two regularization terms (one for the image and the other for the blur) subject to other hard constraints. A scale problem inherent to the cost function is identified, which, if not properly treated, may hinder the minimization/blind restoration process. Alternating minimization is proposed to solve this problem so that algorithmic efficiency as well as simplicity is significantly increased. Two implementations of alternating minimization based on steepest descent and conjugate gradient methods are presented. Good performance is observed with numerically and photographically blurred images, even though no stringent assumptions about the structure of the underlying blur operator is made.     

A VQ-based blind image restoration algorithm

Learning-based algorithms for image restoration and blind image restoration are proposed. Such algorithms deviate from the traditional approaches in this area, by utilizing priors that are learned from similar images. Original images and their degraded versions by the known degradation operator (restoration problem) are utilized for designing the VQ codebooks. The codevectors are designed using the blurred images. For each such vector, the high frequency information obtained from the original images is also available. During restoration, the high frequency information of a given degraded image is estimated from its low frequency information based on the codebooks. For the blind restoration problem, a number of codebooks are designed corresponding to various versions of the blurring function. Given a noisy and blurred image, one of the codebooks is chosen based on a similarity measure, therefore providing the identification of the blur. To make the restoration process computationally efficient, the principal component analysis (PCA) and VQ-nearest neighbor approaches are utilized. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

基于匀速直线运动下模糊图像复原的研究

根据运动模糊图像产生的原因及特点,文中阐述了在匀速直线运动下模糊图像退化的模型,介绍了维纳滤波复原图像的原理。由于在图像获取时模糊原因的不确定性,使得点扩散函数(PSF)具有不准确性,从而使模糊图像复原的效果不佳。针对点扩散函数的确定,利用方向微分法快速判断运动模糊方向,再利用一阶差分自相关的方法鉴定运动模糊图像的模糊尺度,从而确定点扩散函数。在确定K值时,采用K值自动估计算法。通过实验仿真表明,此方法对模糊图像复原效果良好。     

Hierarchical Bayesian image restoration from partially known blurs

We examine the restoration problem when the point-spread function (PSF) of the degradation system is partially known. For this problem, the PSF is assumed to be the sum of a known deterministic and an unknown random component. This problem has been examined before; however, in most previous works the problem of estimating the parameters that define the restoration filters was not addressed. In this paper, two iterative algorithms that simultaneously restore the image and estimate the parameters of the restoration filter are proposed using evidence analysis (EA) within the hierarchical Bayesian framework. We show that the restoration step of the first of these algorithms is in effect almost identical to the regularized constrained total least-squares (RCTLS) filter, while the restoration step of the second is identical to the linear minimum mean square-error (LMMSE) filter for this problem. Therefore, in this paper we provide a solution to the parameter estimation problem of the RCTLS filter. We further provide an alternative approach to the expectation-maximization (EM) framework to derive a parameter estimation algorithm for the LMMSE filter. These iterative algorithms are derived in the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) domain; therefore, they are computationally efficient even for large images. Numerical experiments are presented that test and compare the proposed algorithms.     

数字图像的逆滤波复原

对原有逆滤波器进行了改进,从离焦模糊和运动模糊产生的原因出发,结合模糊图像与频谱图的对应关系,应用Hough变换估计出退化参数,然后利用逆滤波方法对模糊图像进行复原。实验结果表明,改进的逆滤波器简单易实现,复原结果较好,但Hough变换估计退化参数的准确性有待进一步提高。