滇产干花豆中的两个新黄酮

目的研究滇产干花豆(Fordia cauliflora Hemsl)茎的化学成分。方法采用反复硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据光谱数据和理化性质进行结构鉴定。结果从干花豆乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物,分别鉴定为6-羟基-3-甲氧基-6″,6″-二甲基吡喃(2″,3″∶7,8)黄酮(1),3-甲氧基-6-(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧基)-6″,6″-二甲基吡喃(2″,3″∶7,8)黄酮(2),3,6-二甲氧基-6″,6″-二甲基吡喃(2″,3″∶7,8)黄酮(3),7-羟基-4′-甲氧基异黄酮(4),7,4′-二羟基异黄酮(5)和水黄皮素(6)。结论化合物1和2为新化合物,化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄甘草皂甙的结构

本文报道自黄甘草(Glycyrrhiza eurycarpa P.C.Li)根茎中获得两个皂甙化合物K-3和K-4。根据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定K-4为3-β-羟基-11-氧化-齐墩果-12-烯-30-羧酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙,为一新的天然产物,命名为黄甘草皂甙(glyeurysaponin)。K-3为已知皂甙乌拉尔甘草皂甙乙(uralsaponin B)。二者均为首次从该种植物中获得。本文报道化合物K-4的结构鉴定。     

泰国产攀援鱼藤的异黄酮苷成分

目的： 对泰国产攀援鱼藤［Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth］地上部分的化学成分进行分离、鉴定。方法： 采用各种层析色谱技术进行分离。从攀援鱼藤中分离得到2个化合物,用IR,UV,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,²DNMR光谱鉴定化合物。结果： 经光谱鉴定化合物结构为： 4′-甲氧基－异黄酮-7-O-［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→6)］-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(I)和4′,8-二甲氧基-异黄酮-7-O-［α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→6)］-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(II), 分别命名为攀援鱼藤苷甲(derriscanoside A)和攀援鱼藤苷乙(derriscanoside B)。结论： 化合物(I), (II)为新的异黄酮苷类化合物。     

海风藤中新木脂素类PAF拮抗活性成分的研究

自中药海风藤[Piper kadsura (Choisy)Ohwi]的藤茎中又分离得到四个macrophyllin型双环[3,2,1]辛烷类新木脂素,经光谱分析及衍生物的制备,确定化合物Ⅰ和Ⅲ为新结构,命名为风藤素K(kadsurenin K)和风藤素L(kadsurenin L),其化学结构分别为7R,8R,3′R,5′R-△^8′-3,5′-二甲氧基-4-羟基-2′,3′,4′,5′-四氢-2′,4′-氧-7.3′,8.5′-新木脂素(Ⅰ)和7R,8R,3′S,4′R,5′R-△^8′-3,4,5′-三甲氧基-4′-乙酰氧基-2′,3′,4′,5′-四氢-2′-氧-7.3′,8.5′-新木脂素(Ⅲ)。化合物Ⅱ和Ⅳ分别为已报道过的风藤素C和风藤素B。化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ均有明显的PAF受体拮抗活性。     

多舌飞蓬甙的分离和结构

从多舌飞蓬[Erigeron multiradiatus(Wal.)Benth.]全草中分离得到12个化合物,其中5个经理化性质和光谱分析鉴定为:焦袂康酸(I)、东莨菪素(II)、对羟基苯甲酸(II)、香草酸(IV)、γ-吡喃酮-3-氧-[6″-(3′,4′-二羟基桂皮酰)]-β-D-葡萄糖甙(V)。其中II,II,IV为首次从该属植物中获得,V为一新化合物,命名为多舌飞蓬甙(6′-O-cafeylerigeroside)。     

甘草叶中两个新异戊烯基黄酮类化合物

自乌拉尔甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)的干燥叶中分离到三个黄酮类化合物。经化学方法和光谱(UV,MS,¹HNMR)数据分析,分别确定为5,7,3′,4′-四羟基-3-甲氧基-5′-异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅰ),5,6,3′,4′-四羟基-3-甲氧基-6′-异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅱ)和槲皮素(Ⅲ)。Ⅰ和Ⅱ是新化合物,分别命名为乌拉尔醇-3-甲醚(uralenol-3-methylether)和乌拉尔素(uralene)。Ⅲ在本种植物中为首次报道。     

黄甘草化学成分的研究

本文首次报道自豆科甘草属黄甘草Glycyrrhiza eurycarpa P.C.Li(G.Korshinskyi non Grig.)根及根茎中分得四个黄酮甙,根据理化性质及光谱数据(IR,UV,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR及CD),化合物Ⅰ的结构推定为芒柄花素-7-O-[D-β-D-呋喃芹糖基(1→2)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(formononetin-7-O-[D-apio-β-D-furanosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosidc),为一新天然产物,命名为黄甘草甙(glycyrosidc,Ⅰ)。化合物Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ分别鉴定为甘草甙(liquiritin,Ⅱ)、异甘草甙(isoliquiritin,Ⅲ)和夏佛托甙(schaftoside,Ⅳ)。     

粉枝莓中的两种新黄酮成分

为研究粉枝莓(Rubus biflorus Buch)的化学成分，经柱色谱分离，从粉枝莓中分离得到2个黄酮类化合物，光谱分析鉴定其结构为：8-甲基-6-异戊烯基-5,7-二羟基-5′-甲氧基-3′,4′-二氧亚甲基黄酮(A),和8-甲基-5′-异戊烯基-5-甲氧基-6,7-(2″,2″-二甲基吡喃)-3′,4′-二氧亚甲基黄酮(B)，分别命名为粉枝莓素A和粉枝莓素B。化合物A和B为新的黄酮类化合物。     

甘草叶中黄酮类成分的化学研究

自甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)的叶中分离到四个黄酮类化合物。根据理化性质,光谱(UV,MS,¹HNMR)数据分析,分别确定结构为3,5,7,3′,4′-五羟基-5′-异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅰ),3,6,7,3′,4′-五羟基-2′-异戊烯基黄酮(Ⅱ),5,7,3′,4′-四羟基-5′-异戊烯基二氢黄酮(Ⅲ)和槲皮素-3,3′-二甲醚(Ⅳ)。其中,Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ是新化合物,分别命名为乌拉尔醇(uralenol),新乌拉尔醇(neouralenol)和乌拉尔宁(uralenin)。Ⅳ在本属植物中为首次发现。Ⅲ为甘草叶中的主要黄酮类成分。本文解释了B环某些裂解碎片丰度与异戊烯基和氧取代基相对位置的关系。     

高良姜根茎中的一个新糖苷

目的对高良姜(Alpinia officinarum Hance)根中的糖苷类成分进行分离和结构鉴定。方法通过大孔树脂、聚酰胺和凝胶反复柱色谱分离得到糖苷类化合物;利用多种波谱技术鉴定其化学结构。结果分离鉴定了2个糖苷类化合物,其结构分别为4′-羟基-2′-甲氧基苯酚-β-D-{6-O-［(4″-羟基-3″,5″-二甲氧基)苯甲酸］}-吡喃葡糖苷(I)和正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(II)。结论化合物I为新化合物,命名为高良姜苷A,化合物II为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Two new isoflavonoids from the roots of Dalbergia congesta (Grah)

A systematic examination of the roots of Dalbergia congesta, yielded a new oligomeric isoflavonoid (1), a new tetramethoxy isoflavone (2) along with two known compounds, an isoflavone dalspinin (3) and a benzophenone, cearoin (4). On the basis of chemical and spectral evidences, compounds 1 and 2 were determined to be 5,7-dihydroxy-6,4'-dimethoxy-6'[2'-hydroxy-2'(2',5'-dimethoxy neoflavonyl) ethenyl] isoflavone (dalcongestin) and 5,7-dihydroxy-2',3',5',6'-tetramethoxy isoflavone, respectively.     

A novel isoflavonoid from Millettia puguensis

From the roots of Millettia puguensis (Leguminosae), a novel isoflavonoid (5), 2'-methoxy-4',5'-methylenedioxy-7,8-[2-(1-methylethenyl)furo]isoflavone, and four known compounds, i. e., lupeol (1), (-)-maackiain (2), 6,7-dimethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyisoflavone (3) and 7,2'-dimethoxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyisoflavone (4) were isolated and identified by 1H-, 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. All compounds were evaluated for their antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities, but only a moderate antileishmanial activity was observed for compound 3 (IC50 = 32 microM against Leishmania infantum), and a moderate cytotoxicity for compound 2 (IC50 = 43 microM on MRC-5 cells).     

金翼黄芪甙A的化学结构和绵毛黄芪甙ⅩⅤ及7,2′-二羟基-3′,4′二甲氧基异黄烷-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙二维核磁共振谱的研究

从金翼黄芪中分离出金翼黄芪甙A(Ⅰ),绵毛黄芪甙XV (Ⅱ),7,2′-二羟基-3′,4′-二甲氧基异黄烷-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅲ),大豆皂甙Ⅰ,胡萝卜甙及β-谷甾醇。Ⅰ为新化合物,确定其结构为3-O-[α[-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)-D-木吡喃糖基]-环黄芪醇。并应用二维核磁共振相关谱对Ⅱ和Ⅲ的¹H和¹³C化学位移信号进行了全面归属。     

Dihydrochalcones from Piper longicaudatum

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of an ethanolic extract of the leaves and twigs of Piper longicaudatum Trelease & Yunker (Piperaceae) resulted in the isolation of one new (1) and three known (2-4) dihydrochalcones. The known compounds are: 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone (2), 2',6',4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone (asebogenin) (3), and 2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-2'-[1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl]-2",3"-dihy- drofurano[4",5":5',6"]-3"-[2-hydroxy-5-methoxycarbonylphe- nyl]dihydrochalcone (piperaduncin B) (4). The new compound is 2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-2"-[2-hydroxy-5-methoxycarbonyl- phenyl]-furano[4",5":5',6']-dihydrochalcone (longicaudatin) (1). Compounds 1-4 were tested for antibacterial activity against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA); only compound 3 showed inhibitory activity (IC50 of 10 and 4.5 micrograms/ml, respectively).     

Absorption and metabolism of Astragali radix decoction: in silico, in vitro, and a case study in vivo.

To profile absorption of Astragali Radix decoction and identify its orally absorbable constituents and their metabolites, four complementary in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods, i.e., a computational chemistry prediction method, a Caco-2 cell monolayer model experiment, an improved rat everted gut sac experiment, and a healthy human volunteer experiment, were used. According to the in silico computation result, 26 compounds of Astragali Radix could be regarded as orally available compounds, including 12 flavonoids. In the in vitro and in vivo experiments, 21 compounds were tentatively identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ion trap tandem mass spectrometry data, which involved calycosin, formononetin, (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan, 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan, calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, formononetin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-beta-D-glucoside-6'-O-malonate, (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, and phase II metabolites calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, formononetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide, 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, and calycosin sulfate. Calycosin and formononetin were proved absorbable by four methods; (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan were proved absorbable by three methods; formononetin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside and (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-beta-D-glucoside were proved absorbable by two methods. The existence of calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, formononetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide, 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, and calycosin sulfate was proved by two or three methods. We found that besides isoflavones, pterocarpans and isoflavans also could be metabolized by the intestine during absorption, and the major metabolites were glucuronides. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the flavonoids in Astragali Radix decoction, including isoflavones, pterocarpans, and isoflavans, could be absorbed and metabolized by the intestine. These absorbable compounds, which were reported to have various bioactivities related to the curative effects of Astragali Radix decoction, could be regarded as an important component of the effective constituents of Astragali Radix decoction.     

瑞香狼毒中新的双黄酮和活性化合物

目的　研究中药狼毒药材来源之一瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme L)根的化学成分。方法　用各种柱色谱进行分离纯化,用各种波谱分析方法鉴定其结构。结果　从瑞香狼毒的根中分离并鉴定出3种双黄酮和8种木脂素:瑞香狼毒素A (1)和B (2 ) ,4 ,4″,5 ,5″,7,7″-hexahydroxy-3,3″-biflavanone (3) ,(+) kusunokinin (4) ,lirioresinol-B (5) ,magnoleninC (6) ,(-)- pinoresinol monomethyl ether (7) ,(-) pinoresinol(8) ,(+) matairesinol (9) ,isohinokinin (10 )和(-)-eudesmin (11)。结论　化合物1和2为新化合物,1是已知双黄酮chamaejasmenin C的对映体,4 ,6,8,9,10和11是从本植物中首次分得,7是首次从天然界分得,体外生物测试表明3和8有抗菌活性,1,2 ,9和11有免疫调节活性。     

粗毛淫羊藿甙的分离和结构

粗毛淫羊藿Epimedium acuminatum Franch为小檗科植物,又名尖叶淫羊藿,分布于四川、云南、贵州和湖北,在当地作淫羊藿药用。对粗毛淫羊藿的化学成分研究尚未见报道。本文报道从四川产粗毛淫羊藿的地上部分分离到五个化合物并进行了结构研究。     

A new isoflavone glucoside from Pterocarpus santalinus

A new isoflavone glucoside (1) together with the known santal has been isolated from the heartwood of Pterocarpus santalinus. Based on spectral methods, the structure of the new compound was elucidated as 4',5-dihydroxy 7-O-methyl isoflavone 3'-O-β-D-glucoside.