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[目的]前期对岩乌头中二萜生物碱成分及抗肿瘤活性的研究,现探索岩乌头中二萜生物碱与烟草花叶病毒病之间的作用。[方法]运用硅胶、反相RP-18柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、HPLC等多种色谱手段和方法分离纯化化合物,采用核磁共振、质谱等现代波谱技术和理化性质鉴定化合物的结构。利用盆栽法测定了岩乌头中二萜生物碱对烟草花叶病毒病侵染和增殖的影响。[结果]分离鉴定6个化合物:circinatum E、fuziline、14-acetylchasmamine、chasmamine、14-acetytalatisamine、hemsleyanine A。化合物racemulosine A、sachaconitine、talatisamine和14-acetytalatisamine对烟草花叶病毒侵入率显著降低;化合物racemulosine A和talatisamine对烟草花叶病毒的增殖有较好的抑制。[结论]6个化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到;化合物racemulosine A、sachaconitine、talatisamine和14-acetytalatisamine等可以作为新型抗病毒剂用于防治烟草花叶病毒病。 相似文献
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新型生物杀菌剂新奥霉素防治烟草花叶病毒病的田间药效 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
新奥霉素是一种新型生物杀菌剂。对4%新奥霉素水剂防治烟草花叶病毒病进行了田间试验,结果表明,4%新奥霉素水剂对烟草花叶病毒病有很好的防治效果,第3次施药后7 d,900 mL/hm2、1350 mL/hm2和1800 mL/hm2处理对烟草花叶病毒病的防效分别为64.09%、72.19%和75.69%,其效果明显高于对照药剂20%吗胍.乙酸铜可湿性粉剂。 相似文献
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[目的]研究植物源抗病毒剂20%丁香酚水乳剂对番茄病毒病的田间防治试验。[方法]以番茄病毒病为对象,采用田间小区药效试验的方法检测20%丁香酚水乳剂对其防治效果。[结果]田间药效试验结果表明:20%丁香酚水乳剂135 g a.i./hm2三次药后的防效为89.75%,高于对照药剂,差异显著。[结论]20%丁香酚水乳剂对番茄病毒病效果较好,对作物安全,是防治番茄病毒病的较好杀菌剂。 相似文献
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为了评价威百亩用于烟草漂浮育苗旧苗盘残存物中烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)的消毒效果,采用枯斑寄主和烟草品种K326接种方法,测定了威百亩熏蒸对烟草漂浮苗花叶病株干根中TMV的失活效果。结果表明,32.7%威百亩水剂16.7g/L溶液浸湿后熏蒸2~7d,对病苗干根中TMV的枯斑抑制率为84.0%~100%,对病苗干根中TMV的失活效果高,但有时不能完全失活。三抗体夹心法和试纸条检测结果表明,威百亩熏蒸8h~7d后,不能有效破坏病苗干根中TMV抗原。威百亩可用于无烟草花叶病毒病发病史的旧苗盘和漂浮育苗棚群场地、池膜消毒。 相似文献
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多种植物病毒,如烟草花叶病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒等侵染农作物,引发植物病毒病害,给农业生产造成严重损失。随着大规模种苗调运、耕作制度改变等因素的影响,植物病毒病有加重发生的趋势。通过改善田间管理、加强植物检疫等措施可以控制植物病毒的传播,同时化学药剂也是防治病毒病的手段之一,但是由于病毒本身结构简单,药剂可作用的位点少,导致化学防治效果不理想,可选择的药剂品种较少。 相似文献
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[目的]1株从土壤中分离得到的放线菌的抗植物病毒活性及其分类鉴定。[方法]室内对峙培养、枯斑和系统寄主的保护及治疗试验,菌株形态观察并结合培养特征、生理生化性状及16S rDNA序列测定。[结果]菌株Ys.03对蜡状芽孢杆菌有稳定的拮抗作用;发酵液与烟草花叶病毒(TMV)混合后接种枯斑和系统寄主,对TMV抑制率分别为95.01%和88.67%;接种前、后叶面分别喷施发酵液抑制率均较高;菌株孢子链轮生,16S rDNA测序与师岗轮丝链霉菌(Streptomyces mormookaensis)同源性达100%。[结论]菌株Ys.03代谢产物对TMV有显著的抑制作用,鉴定为链霉菌属轮生类群师岗轮丝链霉菌。 相似文献
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[目的]通过比较13种生物源杀菌剂对华重楼灰霉病的防治效果.为华重楼灰霉病的科学防治提供参考。[方法]在室内条件下基于菌丝生长抑制法测定了重楼灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea ES1对13种生物源杀菌剂的敏感性,在田间条件下,评价了4种生物源杀菌剂对华重楼灰霉病防治效果[结果]0.3%丁子香酚可溶性液剂、1%蛇床子素水乳剂、3%中生菌素可湿性粉剂和0.5%苦参碱水剂对Botrytis cinerea ES1的菌丝生长有较好的抑制效果,其EC50值均小于100 mg/L,在离体华重楼叶片上,4种药剂对华重楼灰霉病的保护作用在70%左右,田间防效在60%左右[结论]丁子香酚、蛇床子素、中生菌素和苦参碱对华重楼灰霉病菌B.cinerea ES1菌丝生长很好的抑制效果并且在田间对华重楼灰霉病的防治也表现良好,可用于华重楼灰霉病的预防,配合发病后的化学药剂一起使用。 相似文献
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研究了0.5%氨基寡糖素AS(净土灵)6.25mg/L对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)枯斑寄主心叶烟(Nicotiana glutinosa)的预防、治疗和钝化作用及其在烟草上引起的寄主体内防御酶系变化。结果表明,0.5%氨基寡糖素AS喷施24h后接种TMV,对烟草花叶病毒的预防效果为58.5%,对烟草花叶病毒侵染的治疗效果达43.6%,对烟草花叶病毒的钝化效果为11.8%。同时,0.5%氨基寡糖素AS处理可导致烟草品种K326叶片的PAL、POD、SOD活性不同程度提高,表明0.5%氨基寡糖素AS可以诱导烟草对TMV的抗性,提高烟草的免疫能力。 相似文献
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Fan H Song B Bhadury PS Jin L Hu D Yang S 《International journal of molecular sciences》2011,12(7):4522-4535
Using half-leaf method O,O'-diisopropyl (3-(L-1-(benzylamino)-1-oxo-3- phenylpropan-2-yl)thioureido)(phenyl)methyl phosphonate (2009104) was studied for its activity on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). It showed good curative activity in vivo and the curative activity at 500 μg/mL was found to be 53.3%. In vivo treatment with the control agent Ningnanmycin at 500 μg/mL resulted in 51.2% inhibition and curative inhibition rates respectively. Dot-ELISA test was employed to verify the efficacy of activity of compound 200910 for anti-TMV activity. The mechanism of action of compound 2009104 to resist TMV was also studied. The results showed that the resistance enzymes PAL, POD, SOD activity and chlorophyll content after TMV inoculation K(326) (Nicotiana tabacum K(326)) of tobacco plants followed by treatment with compound 2009104 were significantly enhanced. The study of the effect of compound 2009104 on TMV capsid protein (CP) showed that it inhibited the polymerization process of TMV-CP in vitro. 相似文献
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In this study, guanidinylated chitosan hydrochloride (GCH) was synthesized and its structure was characterized by UV–vis and FTIR. The degree of substitution of guanidinylated chitosan was confirmed by elemental analysis. In vitro antiviral activity of guanidinium derivative on local infection and systemic infection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculated were evaluated by semileaf method using different modes of GCH application and antiserum assay. Meanwhile, the morphological characteristic of virus treated by GCH was performed by transmission electron microscope. The results showed that GCH had better antiviral activity than chitosan. The average inhibitory rate of GCH on local infection was 84%, which was much higher than that of chitosan hydrochloride. It was shown that the guanidinylated chitosan was an efficient passivator, and its antiviral effect decreased after mechanical inoculation. The guanidinylated chitosan increased the resistance of plant against TMV and decreased the infection of the virus. The electron microscope photograph exhibited that GCH not only directly altered the configuration of TMV but also congregated and reduced the virus. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
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4种药剂对烟草花叶病控制研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为寻找能有效防治烟草花叶病的药剂,该试验选用了4种药剂,在烟草上进行田间小区实验,结果表明,2%宁南霉素和99植保对烟草花叶病的控制效果较好,防治效果达83.20%和78.78%,同时对烟株的植物学性状有促进作用。 相似文献