体部大分割放射治疗肝转移癌疗效及安全性

目的 分析应用体部大分割放疗技术治疗肝转移癌的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2007-2016年间本院收治的行体部大分割放疗的45例肝转移癌患者的病历资料。其中男20例,女25例,中位年龄58岁(25~83岁),中位KPS=80。原发肿瘤部位以结直肠癌(14例)、乳腺癌(9例)和肺癌(6例)为主。观察并分析体部大分割放疗后的效果和不良反应。结果 中位随访时间为23.5个月,中位生存期26.0个月(95%CI为21.4~30.6)。45例患者中21例发生肝外转移,共治疗52个肝转移病灶,行1个病灶放疗者34例。剂量分割为45 Gy分3次、60 Gy分10~15次。中位GTV和PTV分别为 10.1 cm³(0.3~175.2 cm³)和29.8 cm³(5.0~209.6 cm³)。17例患者的肝脏CT图像与MRI图像融合,43例患者采用IMRT技术。中位PTV剂量为60 Gy (40~60 Gy),BED为90 Gy (60~132 Gy)。放疗后1年肿瘤局部控制率、无瘤生存率和总生存率分别为94%、27%和91%。末次随访时,6例患者病死于肝转移和肝功能异常。结论 体部大分割放疗对肝转移癌是安全有效的。     

肿瘤体积和放疗剂量对体部γ刀治疗肝细胞肝癌的预后影响

目的 探索GTV和放疗剂量对体部γ刀治疗肝细胞肝癌的预后影响。 方法 回顾分析2012—2015年间 69例体部γ刀治疗肝细胞肝癌患者临床资料。采用50%或60%等剂量曲线覆盖计划靶区,单次 4~5 Gy,边缘总剂量 36~50 Gy (中位数45 Gy)。观察其近期疗效、总生存期及不良反应。采用ROC曲线确定肿瘤体积最佳界值。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Logrank检验和单因素分析,Cox模型多因素分析。 结果 69例患者放疗近期总有效率为67%。1、2年生存率分别为62%、40%,中位生存期18.6个月。多因素分析显示GTV<93 cm³(P=0.013)及放疗近期有效(P=0.000)是影响生存的因素。GTV<93 cm³时患者≥45 Gy亚组预后明显好于<45 Gy亚组(P=0.019),而GTV≥93 cm³组患者中剂量大小对生存期无明显影响(P=0.665)。 结论 肿瘤体积是影响局部晚期肝癌患者生存的独立预后因素。小体积肿瘤行大剂量放疗患者生存获益。对肿瘤体积较大患者不宜强行追求高剂量照射。     

经倾向评分匹配后立体定向放疗与手术治疗早期非小细胞肺癌预后比较

目的 评价立体定向放疗(SBRT)与手术治疗Ⅰ-Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床疗效。方法 回顾分析2012-2015年在浙江省肿瘤医院经SBRT或手术的120例早期非小细胞肺癌患者,对两组进行倾向得分匹配,各纳入60例符合要求病例。放疗组80%等剂量线作为处方剂量覆盖 95%PTV,100%等剂量线覆盖100% IGTV,每次5~15 Gy,中位生物等效剂量100 Gy (57.6~150.0 Gy);手术组VATS肺叶切除32例,楔形切除和肺段切除9例。结果 两组患者均顺利完成治疗,随访率100%,中位随访时间32.3个月。3例手术患者90 d内因感染发生治疗相关死亡,SBRT组无治疗相关死亡(P=0.079)。SBRT组3例患者随访期间因肿瘤外因素死亡(脑梗死、心脏病等)。12例患者出现局部区域复发,其中手术组5例,SBRT组7例(P=0.543)。17例远处转移,其中手术组11例,SBRT组6例(P=0.835)。中位无瘤生存期手术组38.4个月,SBRT组33.5个月(P=0.178);1、3年总生存率手术组分别为95%、83%,SBRT组分别为93%、83%(P=0.993)。结论 SBRT对早期原发性NSCLC总生存期与手术相当,二者局部控制率相近。     

基于MR加速器的MR引导放疗在食管癌患者中的临床应用

目的初步探讨基于MR加速器的MR引导放疗在食管癌中的应用流程、疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2021年9月至2022年7月于山东省肿瘤防治研究院应用MR加速器治疗的食管癌患者的临床数据, 探讨食管癌应用MR加速器的治疗流程, 分析患者的疗效及安全性。全组患者均接受MR引导放疗, 接受CT和MR定位、靶区勾画、Monaco治疗计划系统计划设计, MR加速器下摆位并调整计划。全组患者中位分割次数25次, 计划靶体积中位单次剂量1.8 Gy, 中位总剂量50.2 Gy, 中位随访时长为16个月。结果全组12例患者包括颈部食管癌1例, 胸上段食管癌3例, 胸中段食管癌4例, 胸下段食管癌4例。其中新辅助放疗3例, 根治性放疗9例。所有患者治疗过程顺利, 分次中位治疗时长为33 min, 依从性良好。根治性放疗患者放疗后1个月客观有效例数为3例, 疾病控制例数为9例, 放疗后6个月客观有效例数为3例, 疾病控制例数为6例。新辅助放疗的患者均在2个月内接受了手术, 1例患者达病理完全缓解。最常见的急性不良反应为放射性食管炎(7例)和骨髓抑制中的白细胞计数减少(8例), 晚期不良反应为放射性肺炎(1例...     

200例肺部肿瘤SBRT的经验和疗效

目的 评价SBRT肺部肿瘤的安全性及临床疗效。方法 回顾分析2012—2015年在浙江省肿瘤医院经SBRT的200例肺部肿瘤患者。早期原发性NSCLC 118例,肺孤立转移82例,80%等剂量线作为处方剂量覆盖95%PTV,100%等剂量线覆盖100%IGTV,4.0~18.0 Gy/次,每天或隔天1次,BED为40.0~151.2 Gy (中位数100 Gy)。结果 所有患者均完成治疗,随访率96.0%。原发瘤组CR率14.8%(17/115),PR率65.2%(75/115)。转移瘤组组CR率25%(19/77),PR率38%(29/77)。2、3级急性RP发生率分别为4.7%、3.1%。中位随访时间14.9个月,1、2年原发和转移瘤组LC率分别为95.7%、84.3%和92%、73%,OS率分别为94.5%、92.0%和85%、62%。结论 SBRT对早期原发性NSCLC和肺孤立转移瘤的1、2年LC、OS率较高且发症低,是一种安全有效的治疗手段。     

2017第二届全国放疗靶区勾画学习班在北京成功举办

目的 评价SBRT肺部肿瘤的安全性及临床疗效。方法 回顾分析2012—2015年在浙江省肿瘤医院经SBRT的200例肺部肿瘤患者。早期原发性NSCLC 118例,肺孤立转移82例,80%等剂量线作为处方剂量覆盖95%PTV,100%等剂量线覆盖100%IGTV,4.0~18.0 Gy/次,每天或隔天1次,BED为40.0~151.2 Gy (中位数100 Gy)。结果 所有患者均完成治疗,随访率96.0%。原发瘤组CR率14.8%(17/115),PR率65.2%(75/115)。转移瘤组组CR率25%(19/77),PR率38%(29/77)。2、3级急性RP发生率分别为4.7%、3.1%。中位随访时间14.9个月,1、2年原发和转移瘤组LC率分别为95.7%、84.3%和92%、73%,OS率分别为94.5%、92.0%和85%、62%。结论 SBRT对早期原发性NSCLC和肺孤立转移瘤的1、2年LC、OS率较高且发症低,是一种安全有效的治疗手段。     

多中心食管鳞状细胞癌提高三维放疗剂量临床疗效分析——3JECROG R-03

目的 比较食管鳞状细胞癌行根治性放疗不同放疗剂量对生存的影响,并探讨预后影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2002-2016年中国10所医疗中心2344例接受根治性放化疗/放疗的食管鳞状细胞癌患者临床资料,经1∶2倾向性评分配比(PSM),根据放疗剂量分为低剂量组(EQD2Gy<60Gy)303例,高剂量组(EQD2Gy≥60Gy)606例。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 中位随访时间为59.6个月。经PSM配比后,低剂量组和高剂量组的1、3、5年总生存率分别为66.5%、34.7%、27.2%和72.9%、41.7%、34.7%(P=0.018),无进展生存率分别为52.2%、27.2%、23.1%和58.3%、38.1%、33.9%(P=0.001)。单因素结果显示颈段/胸上段食管癌、临床分期早、无区域淋巴结转移、病变长度短、采用IMRT技术、接受同步化疗、EQD2Gy≥60Gy为总生存获益因素(均P<0.05)。多因素结果显示肿瘤部位、有无区域淋巴结转移、是否接受同步化疗以及EQD2Gy是影响总生存的重要因素(均P<0.05)。结论 局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者应用三维适形或调强放疗EQD2Gy≥60Gy时生存获益。     

立体定向放射治疗肝门部胆管癌疗效分析

目的探讨肝门部胆管癌立体定向放射治疗的疗效.方法 17例因内科或外科原因不能手术或患者不同意手术的肝门部胆管癌采用立体定向放射治疗,单次剂量4～8 Gy(中位剂量5.6 Gy),总剂量40～60 Gy(中位剂量48 Gy).结果 CR 8例,PR 9例,总有效率为100.0%;1年生存率为94.1%(16/17).结论立体定向放疗是肝门部胆管癌的有效治疗方法.     

体部伽玛刀治疗肝转移性肿瘤的临床应用

采用体部伽玛刀放射治疗25例肝转移性肿瘤,根据肿瘤的位置、临床靶体积(CTV)、患者的身体状况与治疗目的制定放射治疗计划及调整剂量分布。优化指标:50%～80%的等剂量曲线包绕至100%的肿瘤靶体积(GTV),周边照射剂量32～42Gy,中位剂量40Gy,分割处方剂量3.2～4.2Gy,重复治疗8～15次,1次/d,每周连续治疗5次。上腹部不适、食欲不振25例,治疗后有18例(72%)改善;肝区疼痛6例,5例治疗后疼痛有不同程度的缓解,有效率为83.3%。结束后1～6个月用腹部CT进行评价,有效率76%。半年局部无进展生存率75%,1年局部无进展生存率42%。放疗中、放疗后无严重并发症发生。     

X刀立体定向放射治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的观察X刀立体定向放射治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的近期、远期疗效及其并发症,探讨X刀立体定向放疗在非小细胞肺癌治疗中的应用价值。方法75例符合条件的NSCLC患者随机分为两组,X刀治疗组38例,应用X刀立体定向放疗,剂量4~6Gy/次,每日或隔日1次,共治疗8~10次,使GTV边缘剂量达45~55Gy。常规放疗组37例,常规分割放疗,每次1.8~2.0Gy,每日1次,每周5次,总照射剂量60~65Gy。结果X刀组总有效率(CR PR)为86.8%,明显优于常规放疗组的62.1%,两组差异有非常显著性(P<0.05)。X刀组1,2,3年生存率分别为87.5%、60.0%和35.0%;常规放疗组分别为58.3%、27.8%和16.7%,两组间1,2,3年生存率比较差异均有显著性。结论与常规放疗相比,X刀立体定向放疗可以在较好保护周围正常组织的同时,提高肿瘤照射区的放射剂量,从而增加非小细胞肺癌的局部控制率,提高远期生存率。     

Proton stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver metastases—results of 5-year experience for 81 hepatic lesions

BackgroundTo report on our institutional experience using Proton stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with liver metastases.MethodsAll patients with liver metastases treated with Proton SBRT between September 2012 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method calculated from the time of completion of Proton SBRT. LC was defined according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines (version 1.1). Toxicity was graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0.ResultsForty-six patients with 81 lesions were treated with Proton SBRT. The median age was 65.5 years old (range, 33–86 years) and the median follow up was 15 months (range, 1–54 months). The median size of the gross tumor volume (GTV) was 2.5 cm (range, 0.7–8.9 cm). Two or more lesions were treated in 56.5% of patients, with one patient receiving treatment to a total of five lesions. There were 37 lesions treated with a biologically effective dose (BED) ≤60, 9 lesions with a BED of 61–80, 22 lesions with a BED of 81–100, and 13 lesions with a BED >100. The 1-year and 2-year LC for all lesions was 92.5% (95% CI, 82.7% to 96.8%). The grade 1 and grade 2 toxicity rates were 37% and 6.5%, respectively. There were no grade 3 or higher toxicities and no cases of radiation-induced liver disease (RILD).ConclusionsProton SBRT for the treatment of liver metastases has promising LC rates with the ability to safely treat multiple liver metastases. Accrual continues for our phase II trial treating liver metastases with Proton SBRT to 60 GyE (Gray equivalent) in 3 fractions.     

Efficacy and Toxicity of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Early to Advanced Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma – Initial Experience From an Australian Liver Cancer Service

AimsIntrahepatic progression remains the predominant mode of cancer-related death in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underscoring the need for effective local therapies. We report our initial experience with liver stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the management of early to advanced stage HCC at an Australian tertiary liver cancer service.Materials and methodsPatients with liver-confined HCC unsuitable for surgical resection or thermal ablation treated with SBRT between October 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. The primary end point was freedom from local progression. Secondary end points were progression-free survival, disease-specific survival, overall survival and toxicity.ResultsNinety-six patients were treated for 112 lesions (median size 3.8 cm, range 1.5–17 cm). The median follow-up was 13 months (range 3–65). Forty-six patients had received prior local therapies (median 1, range 1–5), 83 (86%) patients had cirrhosis with baseline Child–Pugh scores of A (88%) and B7–8 (12%). Fifty-nine (61%) patients had Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0/A disease and 37 (39%) had stage B/C. Macrovascular invasion was present in 20 (21%). The median biologically effective dose (BED₁₀) was 86 and 60 Gy for the BCLC 0/A and B/C cohorts, respectively. Freedom from local progression at 18 months was 94% for BCLC 0/A and 74% for BCLC B/C. Progression-free survival and overall survival at 12 months were 80 and 95% for BCLC 0/A and 40 and 71% for BCLC B/C, respectively. Five patients (7%) with cirrhosis and without disease progression had an increase in Child–Pugh score >1 within 3 months of SBRT, four of whom had intercurrent infections. Clinical toxicities grade ≥2 were reported in 20% of patients.ConclusionSBRT is an effective ablative modality for early stage HCC with low rates of significant toxicity. Lower dose SBRT can provide durable local control for advanced stage HCC. However, out-of-field relapse remains common, providing a rationale to investigate SBRT in combination with other therapies.     

Dose as a function of liver volume and planning target volume in helical tomotherapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy-based stereotactic body radiation therapy for hepatic metastasis

PURPOSE: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been shown to be an effective, well-tolerated treatment for local control of tumors metastatic to the liver. Multi-institutional Phase II trials are examining 60 Gy in 3 fractions delivered by linac-based, 3D-conformal IMRT. HiArt Helical TomoTherapy is a treatment unit that delivers co-planar helical IMRT that is capable of image-guided SBRT. We hypothesized that the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) delivered to a lesion by Helical TomoTherapy-based SBRT could be predicted based on the planning target volume (PTV) and liver volume. METHODS AND MATERIALS: To test this, we performed inverse treatment planning and analyzed the dosimetry for multiple hypothetical liver gross tumor volumes (GTV) with conventional PTV expansions. Inverse planning was carried out to find the maximum tolerated SBRT dose up to 60 Gy to be delivered in 3 fractions based on the dose constraint that 700 cc of normal liver would receive less than 15 Gy. RESULTS: Regression analysis indicated a linear relationship between the MTD, the PTV and the liver volume, supporting our hypothesis. A predictive equation was generated, which was found to have an accuracy of +/-3 Gy. In addition, dose constraints based on proximity to other normal tissues were tested. Inverse planning for PTVs located at varying distances from the heart, small bowel, and spinal cord revealed a predictable decrease in the MTD as the PTV increased in size or approached normal organs. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide a framework for predicting the likely MTD for patients considered for Helical TomoTherapy liver SBRT.     

Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for limited hepatic metastases

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for the treatment of liver metastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The records of 69 patients with 174 metastatic liver lesions treated with SBRT between April 2001 and October 2004 were reviewed. The most common primary tumors were colorectal (n = 20), breast (n = 16), pancreas (n = 9), and lung (n = 5). The mean number of lesions treated per patient was 2.5 (range, 1-6). The longest diameter of the lesions ranged in size from 0.6 to 12.2 cm (median, 2.7 cm). Dose per fraction ranged from 2 Gy to 6 Gy, with a median total dose of 48 Gy (range, 30-55 Gy). Dose was prescribed to the 100% isodose line (IDL), with the 80% IDL covering the gross tumor volume with a minimum margin of 7 mm. RESULTS: The median follow up was 14.5 months. Sixty patients were evaluable for response based on an abdominal computed tomography scan obtained at a minimum of 3 months after completion of SBRT. The actuarial overall infield local control rate of the irradiated lesions was 76% and 57% at 10 and 20 months, respectively. The median overall survival time was 14.5 months. The progression-free survival rate was 46% and 24% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. None of the patients developed Grade 3 or higher toxicity. CONCLUSION: Hypofractionated SBRT provides excellent local control with minimal side effects in selected patients with limited hepatic metastases.     

Stereotactic body radiation therapy for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma as a local salvage treatment after incomplete transarterial chemoembolization

BACKGROUND:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a local salvage treatment after incomplete transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODS:

The main eligibility criteria were a greatest tumor dimension (LD sum) <10 cm, inoperable HCC, and incomplete response after TACE. Prescribed SBRT doses were up to 60 gray (Gy) in 3 fractions, but doses were reduced until normal tissue constraints were allowed.

RESULTS:

Between May 2008 and February 2011, 50 patients were enrolled in this phase 2 trial, of which 47 patients were evaluable. Forty‐one patients had Child‐Pugh class A disease (A5/A6 were 32/9), 6 patients had class B7 disease, and 5 patients had portal vein tumor thrombosis. All patients underwent TACE 1 to 5 times before SBRT. SBRT doses ranged from 42 to 60 Gy in 3 fractions (median dose, 57 Gy), and the median LD sum was 29 mm (range, 13‐78 mm). Eighteen patients (38.3%) achieved complete remission within 6 months of completing of SBRT, and 18 patients (38.3%) had a partial response. The 2‐year local control rate was 94.6%, the overall survival rate was 68.7%, and the progression‐free survival rate was 33.8%. Three patients (6.4%) experienced grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity, and 2 patients (4.3%) experienced grade 4 gastric ulcer perforation.

CONCLUSIONS:

This trial demonstrated that SBRT after incomplete TACE for inoperable HCC achieves promising rates of response and local control. On the basis of these study results, a modified, multi‐institutional, phase 2 trial to reduce gastrointestinal toxicity is recommended. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.     

A prospective trial of stereotactic body radiation therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer testing ablative doses

BackgroundWe explored the safety and efficacy of ablative doses of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for unresectable pancreatic cancer.MethodsThis phase I/II trial included patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer previously treated with any number of cycles of induction chemotherapy. Patients were enrolled according to a 3+3 dose escalation design at 10, 12.5, and 15 Gy ×3, with subsequent patients at the maximally tolerated dose (MTD). Treatment was delivered to gross tumor delineated with MRI fusion using image-guidance to fiducial markers. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as grade 3+ toxicity within 30 days. Secondary endpoints included late gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, freedom from local failure (FFLF), and survival.ResultsFifteen patients received a median 10 cycles of chemotherapy. There were no DLTs, and the MTD was 15 Gy ×3. Thirty-day toxicity included grade 2 nausea (46%) and grade 2 diarrhea (7%). Median survival after SBRT was 12.8 months (23 months after diagnosis) and median relapse-free survival was 7 months. At 1-year, FFLF was 80%. Four patients had grade 3+ GI bleeding after 30 days (median 6 months). Grade 3+ GI bleeding was associated with tumor volume (P=0.01), heterogeneity of dose within the planning target volume (PTV) (V120, P=0.03), and duodenal dose (V26–30 Gy, P<0.2).ConclusionsThis aggressive SBRT regimen demonstrated limited 30-day morbidity, a moderate degree of local control, and a moderate risk for late GI bleeding. Further work is necessary to define the most appropriate hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) regimen in the ablative dose range.     

26例术后复发性胆管细胞癌射波刀SBRT疗效分析

目的 评价射波刀SBRT在复发性胆管细胞癌治疗中的效果及安全性。方法 回顾分析2010-2015年26例术后复发的胆管癌射波刀SBRT的患者,中位术后复发时间10个月,中位肿瘤直径为2.8 cm。中位处方剂量45 Gy,中位分割次数5次。基于增强CT或MRI评估肿瘤进展。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算OS、PFS及LC。使用CTCAE4.0版评估不良反应。结果 中位随访29.3个月,其中位OS和PFS分别为13.5个月和6.5个月,1、2年OS和PFS率分别为52%、21%和28%、15%。4例患者出现肿瘤原位进展。3例患者发生3级不良反应,包括1例胃肠道反应、1例肝功能减退、1例胆道感染;仅1例患者在晚期出现了≥4级消化道出血。结论 射波刀SBRT术后复发性胆管癌可获得较好的疗效且不良反应可耐受。     

Preliminary clinical observation of efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy in combination with targeted therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the preliminary clinical efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in combination with targeted therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Methods Clinical data of 58 patients with mRCC who were treated with SBRT in combination with targeted therapy in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from June 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 79.3% patients were classified as intermediate or high risk according to International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium Criteria. The median biologically equivalent dose (BED) was 147 Gy (67 to 238 Gy). Results Overall, 32, 13, 7, 5 and 1 patients received SBRT for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 metastatic sites (105 lesions) and 71.4% of them were bone lesions. Targeted therapy was continued during SBRT. With a median follow-up of 9.4 months (range 2.7 to 40.1 months), 18 patients died. The 1-year local control rate was 97.4%. The 1-year progression-free survival was 50.3%. The 1-and 2-year overall survival was 72% and 53%. Approximately 85% patients experienced pain relief after SBRT. Patients who achieved complete or partial response after SBRT obtained better overall survival than those with stable disease or disease progression (1-year overall survival:83% vs. 48%,P=0.021). In the whole cohort, 6 cases developed Grade Ⅲ adverse events, 4 of which were Grade Ⅲ myelosuppression, 1 case of Grade Ⅲ neuropathy and 1 case of radiation-induced skin injury. Conclusion Preliminary study reveals that combined use of targeted therapy and SBRT is an efficacious and safe treatment of advanced mRCC.