基于居民健康卡的预约诊疗流程优化

针对患者预约服务及候诊排队拥挤的问题,讨论了基于手机短信的院外候诊服务流程和基于专家问诊时间的分时就诊流程。首先介绍了预约诊疗的几种模式,并讨论了预约就诊数据交换的流程,然后讨论了基于手机短信的院外候诊服务流程和基于专家问诊时间的分时就诊流程,完全改变了传统取号后直接候诊的就医流程。文章主要从院外候诊、分时就诊以及服务质量评价等方面对预约诊疗服务流程进行优化,对有效解决医院“三长一短”的问题、缓解医院拥挤的现状、减少患者感染几率具有非常重要的作用。     

我院优化医技检查流程的实践探索

平均住院日是衡量医院医疗效率的重要指标之一。对临床一线医师 “平均住院日延长原因及管理瓶颈”的调查发现,“医技检查时间长”（45.75%）是影响平均住院日的主要原因。因此,将医技检查流程分解为开单预约、检查等待和报告出具三个阶段,对症下药,通过自动预约、分时段检查、电子签名体系和PACS系统上线等信息化手段,显著提升医技检查效率,同时缩短平均住院日,提高患者满意度。     

医院检查预约流程优化与设计

医院各医技科室的传统检查预约服务流程存在弊端,各检查系统各自管理检查预约登记和确认,无法做到资源共享,且患者等待时间过长。为了解决以上问题,对医院的检查预约流程进行了梳理和优化,提出对医院多个检查科室的预约登记进行统一管理,为各检查科室提供统一的检查预约平台,实现统一预约和自助预约相结合,并开通智能提醒服务将患者预约和排队信息告知患者。     

住院服务中心模式流程再造的探索与实践

通过推进电子化预约登记,整合“预约登记、安排入院、入院检查、出院随访”服务流程,以信息化统筹全院床位,再造了入院流程。住院服务中心模式的实施,缩短了患者入院前等候时间,简化入院手续办理和入院后检查检验流程,缩短患者平均住院日,提高了床位使用率。     

我院改善患者就医体验的实践探索

通过开展 “两围绕”服务活动，即“行管后勤科室围绕临床一线服务、医护人员围绕患者服务”，探讨改善患者就医体验的服务模式。一是建立行管后勤科室围绕临床一线的主动服务机制；二是多措并举建立医护人员优质服务机制；三是利用信息技术优化流程就诊流程；四建立长效机制持久纵深推进。     

浅谈医院PACS 系统的建设

PACS（Picture Archiving and Communication systern）是图像存档和通信系统,它以高速计算机设备为基础,以高速网络和通讯方式联接各种影像设备和相关科室．利用大容量磁、光存储技术,以数字的方法存储管理、传送和显示医学影像和相关信息,具有图像质量高,存储、传输和复制无失真,传送迅速、影像资料可共享等突出的特点。因此,针对医院PACS建设中人们较为关心的问题,结合本单位PACS建设的实践,回顾性总结了本单位PACS建设的经验,并对医院PACS建设的实施步骤,规模大小,投资回报,影像设备的选型,公司的技术支持,医务人员的培训以及医院的组织管理等提出了一些看法和建设性的意见。     

北京某三甲医院预约挂号对患者候诊时间的影响分析

目的 分析预约挂号是否缩短门诊患者的等候时间。方法抽取医院某一周全部患者挂号记录49 147条,通过秩和检验方法,分析预约挂号与非预约挂号患者的候诊时间的差异,比较不同预约方式对患者候诊时间是否存在影响。结果 预约挂号平均候诊时间为50分钟,非预约挂号患者平均候诊时间为111分钟,不同预约方式的患者候诊时间存在统计学上的差异。结论 预约挂号能够有效缩短门诊患者的候诊时间,其中复诊预约患者候诊时间最短,应鼓励患者预约就诊,复诊患者应鼓励进行复诊预约。     

某大型综合医院手术前检查流程的干预研究

手术科室的良性流程运转直接影响到整个医院的效益。进一步简化手术病人的术前检查流程,使病人得到优质、高效、可及的医疗服务。通过对某军队大型综合医院所有手术科室（23个）2010年7—12月全麻手术病例共6 803例的运行情况进行回顾性研究,分析手术病人术前检查流程,找出制约整个检查的瓶颈所在并进行干预,达到优化术前检查流程、缩短术前平均住院日、减少无效或低效住院日、加快手术科室床位周转率的目的。

     

基于信息系统的放射检查流程优化

目的 分析信息系统对检查流程优化的价值。方法 比较信息系统应用前后患者接受放射学检查的流程环节和耗费的时间。结果 信息系统应用前,患者需完成6个步骤,放射科进行7个步骤,整个流程均为手工纸质操作,流程时间1天半。信息系统应用后,患者完成5个步骤,放射科完成5个步骤,整个流程均为信息化操作,流程时间半天到1天。结论 信息系统可以减少放射检查流程环节,提高工作效率,减少病人检查时间。     

PACS在口腔根管治疗中的应用

医学影像存储与传输系统（PACS）的建设改变了原有的摄片和看片模式,对提高医院的医疗质量的到了很大的推进作用。该文论述了我院PACS系统的特点以及在口腔根管治疗中的应用。并与原来的胶片流程做了对比,研究了PACS系统在根管治疗中的应用的优势以及今后的发展前景。     

计算机仿真技术在优化就医序列中的应用研究

积极推进预约诊疗服务、方便群众看病就医、缩短病人无效等候之间,是公立医院改革的重要课题,优化就医序列是解决上述课题的有效方法。通过计算机仿真技术充分挖掘现有医疗资源,可以优化调度资源,提高医院服务能力和质量。在分析了国内外计算机仿真技术在医院管理优化就医序列中的应用,初步研究了存在问题,并提出了相应的发展对策。     

A quality improvement program to reduce the time on the lung transplant waiting list at the Nantes University Hospital

Background

In 2010, the time on the lung transplant waiting list in Nantes University Hospital (NUH) was 9.2 months, compared to a French national median of about 4 months. The NUH transplant unit performs both heart and lung transplantations, which can be seen as competing activities. To fix the problem, the adult Cystic Fibrosis (CF) team decided to engage in the French CF Quality Improvement Program (QIP PHARE-M) in 2012. The objectives were: i) To reduce the time on the lung transplant waiting list at the Nantes Transplant Unit by increasing the number of lung transplants per year twhile maintaining a 5-year survival rate above the French national average. ii) To improve the organization of the lung transplant access process and the quality of the waiting time for patients.

Methods

A quality controller was involved as the QIP referent to coach the CF quality team, analyze the pre-transplant process, and set up meaningful measures. Benchmarking was performed with other transplant units, and staff discussions were held with the Transplant Team (TT) to assess the outcomes of rejected donor lungs. Negotiations were made with the hospital administration. Plan, Do, Study and Act cycles were used to redesign the pre-transplant assessment in connection with the CF centers (CFC) referring patients to the NUH transplant unit.

Results

i) The flow of patients has been reorganized, decreasing the time spent in surgical intensive care by increasing the number of beds in the intensive care unit, and a chest physician has been recruited ii) The number of organs rejected has been reduced iii) Lung transplant activity has increased to 20–25 transplants per year, and the median waiting time was reduced to 3.5 months for patients transplanted in 2014 and to 1.85 months for patients transplanted in 2015 iv) Added-value activities including education, information, and psychosocial support are now offered to patients during the waiting time.

Conclusion

The QIP PHARE-M, including coaching by a quality-engineer, has helped our adult CF center address its specific lung transplant issues and redesign the lung transplant process for both local patients and patients referred by other CFC.

     

Waiting list statistics. I: Relation between admissions from waiting list and length of waiting list.

The relation between changes in inpatient workload, measured as increases or decreases in the number of inpatients admitted from the waiting list, and the overall length of the waiting list was studied. Overall trends in admissions from the waiting list, the influence of seasonal patterns, and the impact of industrial action on admissions were also studied. The hypothesis was that when admissions from the waiting list increased the length of the waiting list would decrease and vice versa. No such simple relation was found. In fact, if anything, as the number of admissions from the waiting list increased so did the length of the waiting list. This result could be due to inconsistencies in compiling waiting list data or to the use of waiting lists to improve organisational efficiency. It is also possible, and perhaps likely, that the ability to meet need in admitting patients to hospital influences patients and their doctors to translate previously unmet need into demand for hospital services.     

Factores pronósticos de mortalidad al año de una fractura de cadera por fragilidad ósea. Estudio Maluc Anoia

IntroductionMost of the patients who had a hip fragility fracture are characterized by advanced age, frailty, multimorbidity and high mortality rate into the first year. Our aim is to describe the prognostic factors of mortality one year after a hip fragility fracture.Material and methodsObservational prospective study. During the study period we included patients older than 69 years with hip fragility fracture who were admitted to the Acute Geriatric Unit.ResultsWe have followed 364 patients, 100 of them died (27.5%). The independent prognostic factors of mortality one year after a hip fragility fracture had been: have a less basis score in Lawton and Brody Scale 0.603 (0.505-0.721) (p< 0.001); have a higher score in Charlson Comorbidity Index 2.332 (1.308-4.157) p = 0.04); have a surgical waiting time ≥ 3 days 3.013 (1.330-6.829) p = 0.008); finding hydroelectrolytic disorders and/or deterioration of glomerular filtration 1.212 (1.017-1.444) p = 0.031) during hospital stay; discriminatory capacity of the area under the curve (AUC) (± 95%): 0.888 (0.880-0.891).ConclusionsPrognostic predictors of mortality at one year after a hip fragility fracture are those variables that reflect a worse state of health, complications during hospital stay and a longer surgical waiting time.     

The Rehabilitation Unit in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Devonshire Royal Hospital, Buxton, England, was developed from a spa hospital into the Manchester Regional Centre for Rheumatism and Rehabilitation. Patients with active rheumatoid disease are admitted to the hospital''s Rheumatism Service, not to the Rehabilitation Unit. Fifty per cent of patients admitted to the Rehabilitation Unit have rheumatoid arthritis, with reablement or resettlement as their main problem. Nine hundred and eighty-eight rheumatoid patients admitted in a period of five years had chronic disease but recent disability (633 off work under one year). Their average hospital stay was 10 weeks. Five hundred and forty-four were admitted severely disabled; 247 were discharged so graded. One hundred and thirty-eight were fit for some work on admission and 498 on discharge. Sixty-five per cent of housewives could run their homes. In a sample of 100 male rheumatoid patients, 39 men were fit for their own jobs and were easily placed; 43 needed lighter work and over 20 of these were adequately resettled when checked at three and 36 months. The earnings of these men exceeded the cost of rehabilitation for the whole group.     

A study of waiting time in an emergency department

A study was undertaken to determine the time spent by 3459 patients in the Emergency Department of the hospital and also to assess whether full-time physician supervision of interns appreciably influenced this time.The study was divided into three phases, each lasting two weeks. Cases were classified into five graded categories of severity. The data so accumulated were subjected to computer analysis, and time intervals relevant to the study obtained.Mean waiting times compared favourably with those recorded in other studies. Full-time physician supervision of interns was found to produce a small, but none the less appreciable, decrease in this time.     

Waiting list statistics. III. Comparison of two measures of waiting times.

The length of time that patients spend on waiting lists is a topic of current concern. Calculating the proportion of patients who have been on a waiting list for a long time by taking a census of patients on the list at a single point in time will tend to yield a higher estimate than that obtained by calculating waiting times of patients admitted to hospital during a period of time. To illustrate this point the waiting times of patients in the Oxford region as measured by SBH 203 returns ("census" data) were compared with those as measured by the Hospital Activity Analysis ("event" data). As expected, the SBH 203 census returns showed a higher proportion of patients who had waited over a year compared with the "event" measure of all admissions. This difference, which is analagous to the difference between prevalence and incidence in epidemiology, should be considered when using data from these sources to calculate waiting times.     

Epidemiological diagnosis of suppurative-septic hospital infections in surgery

The authors have analyzed the results of epidemiologic diagnosis of suppurative-septic hospital infections after surgery, that helped them develop a preventive system permitting a decrease of the incidence rate of suppurative-septic infections in surgery 1.8-fold within a year. The main features of the epidemic process in suppurative-septic infections is described. A total systems approach to epidemiological diagnosis is necessitated.     

Waiting times: monitoring the total postreferral wait.

OBJECTIVES--To determine whether the period spent on the true inpatient waiting list is a valid indication of the total time that patients have to wait for an operation; and to assess the feasibility of monitoring the total "postreferral waiting time" by using existing computerised information systems. SETTING--Three randomly selected Scottish hospitals. SUBJECTS--Waiting list patients admitted to hospital for operations during June to August 1993 in six major specialties, separate attention being focused on cataract operations and hip and knee replacements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--The total time that patients have to wait for an operation after the initial general practitioner referral--the postreferral waiting time--compared with that spent at the final stage of the process on the true inpatient waiting list. RESULTS--In the specialties investigated roughly half (58 days; 53%) of the average postreferral wait of 110 days was spent on the true inpatient waiting list, one third (35 days; 32%) being spent on the outpatient waiting list and one sixth (17 days; 15%) waiting between waiting lists. Only a quarter of cataract patients (73/292) were treated within three months of general practitioner referral compared with over three quarters (228/292) within three months of being placed on the inpatient waiting list. Nevertheless, within a year over 99% of patients (290) had been treated whichever date was taken as the starting point. CONCLUSIONS--Monitoring postreferral waiting times would provide a much more accurate picture for purchasers and patients of waiting times for treatment than is obtained by focusing exclusively on the true inpatient waiting list and facilitate fairer comparisons between NHS trusts in national league tables. Stringent national and local monitoring is essential to ensure (a) that future reductions in the time waiting on true inpatient waiting lists are not gained at the expense of longer periods waiting to be placed on the lists, and (b) that no increases occur in the number of patients placed instead on deferred waiting lists or exempted from the normal maximum waiting time guarantees.