多药耐药基因-1高表达可加剧类风湿关节炎患者对氨甲蝶呤的耐药

目的 观察多药耐药基因-1(MDR1)在类风湿关节炎(RA)患者氨甲蝶呤(MTX)耐药中的作用。方法 体外利用重组腺病毒Ad-EGFP-MDR1感染RA患者成纤维样滑膜细胞(FLS),获得MDR1过表达RA FLS。采用Real-time PCR和Western blot法检测MDR1过表达RA FLS中 MDR1基因转录水平及其编码产物P-糖蛋白(P-gp)的表达水平,罗丹明123外排实验验证MDR1过表达RA FLS外排罗丹明123功能,MTT法检测MDR1过表达RA FLS对MTX的耐药性。 结果 重组腺病毒Ad-EGFP-MDR1感染RA FLS 72 h后,MDR1过表达RA FLS细胞内颗粒增加,细胞体积变大,生长速度变慢。MDR1过表达组RA FLS中MDR1 mRNA表达水平(1.4325±0.3924比0.0650±0.0070;t=6.035,P=0.004)、P-gp蛋白表达水平(1.8667±0.2857比 0.9367±0.0551;t=5.536,P=0.005)和细胞外排罗丹明123能力(979.43±196.81比1680.06±147.04;t=-4.940,P=0.008)均明显高于阴性病毒对照组。MTX各个浓度下MDR1过表达RA FLS的存活率均显著增高(P均<0.05)。结论 MDR1基因高表达可通过上调P-gp蛋白的表达影响RA FLS对MTX的外排能力,从而增强RA FLS对MTX的耐药性。     

The effects of PTEN expression on reproduction of FLS in rheumatoid arthritis

目的 研究增强表达PTEN蛋白对类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞(RA FLS)增殖的影响.方法 慢病毒表达载体pLenti6/V5-PTEN转染RA FLS并表达PTEN蛋白,应用RT-PCR、Western blot检测PTEN表达,MTT法检测RA FLS增殖能力的变化.结果 转染pLenti6/V5-PTEN后,RA FLS中PTEN mRNA表达提高60%以上,PTEN蛋白表达在48 h后提高了107.85%(P＜0.05),RA FLS增殖在48、72、96 h分别下降了25.14%、41.84%和52.46%(P＜0.05).结论 慢病毒表达载体pLenti6/V5-PTEN能够提高PTEN蛋白表达水平,并显著抑制RA FLS增殖.     

增强表达PTEN蛋白对类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞增殖的作用

目的研究增强表达PTEN蛋白对类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞(RA FLS)增殖的影响。方法慢病毒表达载体pLenti6/V5-PTEN转染RA FLS并表达PTEN蛋白,应用RT-PCR、Western blot检测PTEN表达,MTT法检测RA FLS增殖能力的变化。结果转染pLenti6/V5-PTEN后,RA FLS中PTEN mRNA表达提高60%以上,PTEN蛋白表达在48 h后提高了107.85%(P<0.05),RA FLS增殖在487、29、6 h分别下降了25.14%、41.84%和52.46%(P<0.05)。结论慢病毒表达载体pLenti6/V5-PTEN能够提高PTEN蛋白表达水平,并显著抑制RA FLS增殖。     

腺病毒介导过表达ANT1基因诱导大鼠血管平滑肌细胞凋亡

目的利用腺病毒载体转染体外培养的血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs),研究过表达腺嘌呤核苷酸转位酶1(adenine nucleotide translocase 1,ANT1)对大鼠VSMCs凋亡的影响。方法用携带ANT1的腺病毒载体(Ad-ANT1)或空载体腺病毒载体(Ad-GFP)感染VSMCs,采用激光共聚焦观察Hoechst33258染色后细胞凋亡情况,流式细胞术检测Annexin V标记细胞凋亡率。Western blot检测Bax和Bcl-2蛋白表达。结果激光共聚焦观察转染Ad-ANT1后48 h细胞出现凋亡,且凋亡率[(13.40±1.14)%]与转染空载体对照组[(1.80±0.84)%]相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。流式细胞术检测转染Ad-ANT1后48 h细胞凋亡率[(10.66±1.75)%]明显高于转染空载体组细胞[(3.13±0.37)%](P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示转染Ad-ANT1后Bax蛋白表达明显高于转染空载体组,Bcl-2蛋白表达2组比较无明显差异。结论腺病毒介导过表达ANT1可诱导大鼠VSMC的凋亡,其机制可能通过上调Bax实现。     

NK-22细胞及IL-22相关功能分子在类风湿关节炎滑膜细胞增殖中的作用

目的探讨类风湿关节炎（RA）患者滑液（SF）自然杀伤（NK）细胞NK-22促成纤维样滑膜细胞（FLS）增殖作用及相关信号
通路。方法采用流式细胞术分选6 例RA患者SF 中NK-22 细胞（2×104）,体外悬浮培养2 周,佛波酯（20 ng/ml）和离子霉素
（0.5 μmol/L）刺激后ELISA检测NK-22细胞培养上清IL-22浓度。组织块培养法原代培养RAFLS,NK-22细胞培养上清分别作
用于RAFLS24、48、72 h,MTT法检测FLS增殖;同时加入IL-22抗体检测FLS增殖情况。RT-PCR检测rhIL-22 及AG490作用
后RAFLS Stat3 mRNA的表达,Western blot 检测RAFLS p-Stat3 蛋白含量。结果①流式分选2×104NK-22 细胞,细胞纯度>
90%;②PMA和ionomycin 刺激后NK-22 细胞培养上清中IL-22 浓度为1273.42±254.48 pg/ml;③PMA和ionomycin 刺激后
NK-22细胞培养上清作用于RAFLS 24 h、48 h、72 h,可明显刺激RAFLS增殖（P<0.05）。IL-22抗体能明显抑制NKp44+NK细
胞上清诱导的RA FLS增殖（P<0.01）;④rhIL-22（1 ng/ml）能诱导RAFLS p-Stat3表达（P<0.05）;⑤AG490能抑制rhIL-22诱导的
RAFLS p-Stat3 表达（P<0.05）。结论RA患者SFNK-22 细胞体外可分泌高浓度的IL-22,通过激活STAT3 信号通路进而刺激
RAFLS增殖。     

转染 PDCD5质粒促进顺铂诱导 A549细胞凋亡作用的研究

目的：观察程序化死亡因子5（PDCD5）基因联合顺铂诱导人肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡的作用,探索其可能机制。方法利用脂质体瞬时转染PDCD5重组质粒入 A549细胞,RT-PCR检测其转染效率。Western blot检测转染后 PDCD5、Bcl-2和Survivin蛋白表达情况。M T T法及流式细胞仪检测PDCD5单药和联合顺铂后的细胞凋亡情况。结果 PDCD5重组质粒成功转染入A549细胞,Western bolt结果显示转染重组质粒组中PDCD5蛋白表达高于空白对照组及转染空质粒组,Bcl-2和Survivin蛋白则低于空白对照组及转染空质粒组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。MTT及流式细胞仪检测显示转染重组质粒组较空白对照组及转染空质粒组细胞凋亡率高（ P＜0．05）。结论 PDCD5基因可以促进顺铂诱导的A549细胞凋亡。     

昆母汤醇提液对人类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞凋亡及 caspase －3表达的影响

目的：观察昆母汤醇提液对人类风湿关节炎（ RA）成纤维样滑膜细胞（ FLS）凋亡及对caspase－3表达的影响,探讨昆母汤治疗 RA 的部分作用机制。方法滑膜组织取自行关节置换术或关节镜检查术的8例活动性 RA 患者,分离出 FLS 进行原代培养,采用流式细胞仪检测法检测昆母汤醇提液对 RA －FLS 细胞凋亡率的影响,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测培养上清液 caspase －3蛋白含量的变化。结果昆母汤醇提液和甲氨蝶呤均可显著促进 RA －FLS 的凋亡,且昆母汤醇提液促 RA －FLS 凋亡能力在一定程度上呈剂量依赖性。高剂量昆母汤醇提液可使 TNF －α诱导的 caspase －3表达量增加。结论昆母汤可能通过促进 caspase －3的表达来促进RA －FLS 凋亡,具有治疗 RA 的潜在价值。     

青藤碱对类风湿关节炎患者成纤维样滑膜细胞体外增殖及凋亡的影响

目的 观察青藤碱(sinomenine, SN)对类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis, RA)患者成纤维样滑膜细胞(fibroblast-like synoviocytes, FLS)凋亡及增殖的影响,为青藤碱在临床上的应用提供实验依据.方法 光镜和荧光显微镜观察FLS形态的变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,MTT比色法检测SN对FLS生长的抑制作用.结果 光镜及荧光显微镜下可见核固缩,变圆,荧光染色增强等凋亡形态学变化.流式细胞仪结果显示,随着SN浓度及作用时间的增加,被处理的FLS的凋亡率增加,未处理组与各处理组比较差异具有显著性(P＜0.05),其中3.2 mmol/L浓度的SN作用48 h对FLS凋亡影响最为显著.MTT结果显示,加入不同浓度SN(2.8～3.2 mmol/L),培养的FLS24 h、48 h后对增殖的抑制水平显著高于未处理组,与凋亡率呈现正相关(r=0.787, P＜0.05).结论 SN在一定浓度及作用时间内可抑制RA患者FLS增殖,诱导凋亡,这可能是SN治疗RA机制之一.     

重组bcl-xL腺病毒对心肌细胞凋亡的影响

[目的]探讨转染人类抗凋亡基因bcl-xL能否提高心肌细胞对缺氧的耐受性,评价它对心肌细胞的抗凋亡作用.[方法]体外培养SD大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞,建立模拟心肌缺氧模型;将携带人类bcl-xL基因的重组腺病毒感染心肌细胞;免疫细胞化学染色法分析bcl-xL蛋白的表达;TUNEL法检测凋亡指数;荧光显微镜下观察心肌细胞表达绿色荧光蛋白,用Hoechst33342染色观察细胞核的形态变化.[结果]转染rAd-bcl-xL/s的心肌细胞表达bcl-xL蛋白阳性单位(PU)(17.84±3.42)明显高于正常对照组(11.02±2.56)与rAd-bcl-xL/as转染组(8.53±2.25)(P＜0.01);缺氧诱导后心肌细胞凋亡指数为(45.67±8.47)%,而转染rAd-bcl-xL/s后的细胞凋亡指数减少至(9.42±2.48)%,有显著性差异(P＜0.01),未见典型的凋亡小体.[结论]腺病毒介导的bcl-xL基因能高效转染心肌细胞,并表达目的基因;外源性bcl-xL基因对体外培养的心肌细胞具有抗凋亡作用,能够提高心肌细胞对缺氧的耐受性,促进损伤心肌的恢复.     

靶向PDCD5-Caspase-3 融合基因过表达 对HepG2 肝癌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 探讨靶向PDCD5-Caspase-3 融合基因过表达对HepG2 肝癌细胞体外增殖与凋亡的影响。 方法 利用基因重组技术构建PDCD5-Caspase-3 融合基因,克隆到带有EGFP 基因的GV358 慢病毒表达载 体,与辅助质粒共同转染293T 细胞,通过同源重组,获得融合基因重组慢病毒PDCD5-Caspase-3。体外 转染人肝癌HepG-2 细胞72 h 后,Western bolt 检测肝癌HepG-2 细胞中PDCD5 蛋白和Caspase-3 蛋白表 达,CCK-8 法检测PDCD5-Caspase-3 融合基因过表达对HepG-2 肝癌细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术观察其 对细胞凋亡的影响。结果 PDCD5-Caspase-3 融合基因过表达可增加HepG-2 肝癌细胞中PDCD5 蛋白和 Caspase-3 蛋白合成（P <0.05）;与对照组或空白组相比,转染72 h 后实验组细胞增殖能力下降（P <0.05）; 与对照组或空白组比较,转染72 h 后实验组细胞凋亡率增加（P <0.05）。结论 促凋亡基因PDCD5 和 Caspase-3 联合表达可抑制HepG2 肝癌细胞增殖,并促进其凋亡,可作为肝癌治疗潜在靶点。     

PDCD5 Correlates with Disease Activity and IL-17 in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background Programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) is a novel apoptotic regulatory gene, which has a promoting effect on apoptosis of various tumor cells. Studies showed that PDCD5 accelerates the apoptosis of synoviocytes in vitro, implying its potential role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to examine the expression of PDCD5 in serum and synovial fluid of RA and to determine its effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-17 (IL-17), as well as the assessment of disease activity in RA. Methods PDCD5 and IL-17 levels in serum and synovial fluid from 18 RA patients and 22 Osteoarthritis (OA) patients were detected by ELISA. The concentrations of serum PDCD5 in 40 healthy people were also detected as control. As disease activity indices, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), and X-ray grading scale were also evaluated. Results The serum and synovial fluid PDCD5 levels in RA patients were significantly higher than those in OA and healthy controls. The serum PDCD5 level was inversely correlated with CRP and ESR. Further, serum PDCD5 level in RF negative group was significantly higher than that in positive group. In addition, PDCD5 level had a negative correlation with IL-17 level both in serum and synovial fluid of RA patients. However, the differences of synovial fluid PDCD5 level in RA patients with different Larsen stages were not detectable. Conclusions These results suggest that PDCD5 might play a role in the pathogenesis of RA. Insufficient apoptosis of FLS and inflammatory cells in RA could possibly cause the increased expression of PDCD5 protein. Meanwhile, PDCD5 level correlated negatively with disease activity indices and IL-17 level, implying it as a potential target in the diagnosis and treatment of RA.     

Programmed cell death 5 correlates with disease activity and interleukin-17 in serum and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients

Background Programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) is a novel apoptotic regulatory gene that promotes apoptosis in various tumor cells.Studies have shown that PDCD5 accelerates the apoptosis of synoviocytes in...     

p53治疗白介素-1β诱导兔膝关节炎的实验研究

目的:以腺病毒(Ad)为载体、p53为治疗基因,研究p53基因对人白介素(IL)-1β诱导兔膝关节炎的疗效和机制。方法:以Ad-LacZ为对照,将Ad-p53和Ad-LacZ分别注入6只人白介素1β(hIL-1β)诱导兔膝关节炎模型的膝关节。分析滑膜组织病理改变和关节炎的相关指标变化,检测滑膜组织细胞凋亡情况;培养人类风湿关节炎(RA)患者的滑膜成纤维细胞(FLS),用四氮唑蓝比色法(MTT)测定p53对滑膜细胞生长及增殖的影响,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和凋亡情况,测定上清IL-6的水平。此外,逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)和蛋白印迹(Western blot)方法评价腺病毒能否将治疗基因p53有效转移至滑膜组织。结果:Ad-p53感染滑膜成纤维细胞和滑膜组织后,治疗基因p53 mRNA和蛋白的表达明显上调。p53能显著减轻hIL-1β诱导兔膝关节炎的炎症,抑制滑膜细胞增生,减少炎症细胞浸润。p53不能诱导RA-FLS凋亡,但能显著下调促炎症细胞因子IL-6的产生。结论:抑癌基因p53很可能主要通过抑制促炎症因子的产生来减轻关节和滑膜炎症,是RA基因治疗的有效因子之一。     

AD5-10与表阿霉素联合作用治疗类风湿性关节炎

目的 研究抗死亡受体抗体(AD5-10)与表阿霉素联合作用治疗类风湿性关节炎的机制.方法 采用MTI法检测成纤维样滑膜细胞(FLS)存活率,用蛋白免疫印迹研究细胞凋亡信号通路蛋白和p53、p21的变化.结果 不同剂量的表阿霉素可增强FLS对AD5-10的敏感性,促进FLS凋亡.表阿霉素处理可使FLS细胞中caspase-3、-8、-9,c-FLIP,Bc1-2,p53和p21表达水平发生变化.结论 表阿霉素可能通过改变p53、p21、c-FLIP和Bc1-2协同AD5-10诱导FLS凋亡.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者黄素化颗粒细胞中PDCD5蛋白的表达

目的:了解程序化细胞死亡蛋白5(programmed cell death 5,PDCD5)在多囊卵巢综合征(polysystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)及对照组卵巢颗粒细胞中的表达情况,探讨PDCD5与PCOS的发病关系.方法:选择体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF)中PCOS患者及对照组各30例,收集其颗粒细胞,分别用流式细胞技术、直接免疫荧光以及免疫组化技术检测PDCD5蛋白在颗粒细胞中的表达水平及定位.结果:与对照组相比,PCOS颗粒细胞亚二倍体细胞数明显增加,颗粒细胞中PDCD5的表达明显上调(P<0.05),PDCD5阳性细胞主要表达在胞浆,部分表达在胞核.结论:PCOS患者黄素化颗粒细胞凋亡较对照组增加,提示细胞凋亡可能在PCOS的发病中起一定作用, 凋亡调控蛋白PDCD5可能参与了正常及PCOS卵巢颗粒细胞的凋亡.     

p53 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes can regulate T helper cell functions in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis

Background  p53 is a tumor suppressor and plays a key role in regulating cell hyperplasia, repairing DNA and inducing apoptosis. This study was to investigate p53 expression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and its effect on CD4⁺ T lymphocytes from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods  Human FLS were transfected with p53 siRNA and cocultured with CD4⁺ T lymphocytes from patients with active RA. The expressions of osteoprotegerin and interleukin (IL)-6 were detected in p53 siRNA and scramble siRNA-transfected FLS. In addition, protein levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17, IL-4 and CD25 as well as mRNAs of IFN-γ, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)-γt, IL-17 and Foxp3 in cocultured CD4⁺ T lymphocytes were also measured.

Results  IL-6 decreased in p53-knockdown FLS while osteoprotegerin expression was not altered. FLS with p53 deletion significantly increased the production of IL-17 and IFN-γ by CD4⁺ T cells and upregulated Foxp3 mRNA expression without effects on the proportion of CD4⁺CD25^high T lymphocytes.

Conclusion  p53 in FLS might regulate Th1 and Th17 functions in patients with RA and participate in the pathogenesis of RA.

     

人程序化死亡分子5(PDCD5)核酸和蛋白质序列的数据发掘

目的：以程序化死亡分子5(PDCD5)为靶分子,对其核酸与蛋白质序列进行生物信息学分析,为PDCD5功能的实验研究提供基础,同时也为人类功能基因的生物信息学分析提供新的技术路线。方法：利用数据库相似性搜索、同源物结构比较、表达谱分析和查询基因“邻居”等技术进行数据发掘和数据综合分析。结果：发现人PDCD5在12号和5号染色体上分别存在返座假基因(retropseudogene),小鼠1号染色体也存在小鼠PDCD5 cDNA的返座假基因。热自养甲烷杆菌的PDCD5同源物、泛素及核糖体蛋白S13具有与人PDCD5相似的折叠方式。线虫的PDCD5同源物、泛素及正IAP(inhibitor of apoptosis proteins)分子等在表达谱拓扑图上属于同一基因簇成员,该基因簇与生物合成和蛋白质合成相关。PDCD5同源物在多个基因组中与多种核糖体蛋白相邻。结论：PDCD5存在2个拷贝的假基因。PDCD5除参与细胞凋亡外,预测还与泛素有功能相关性,并可能参与蛋白质的翻译调控。     

Role of protein tyrosine kinase in IL-1β induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis

Objectives To study mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) activation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) under the stimulation of IL-1β, and to elucidate the role of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in the activation of MAPKs. Methods Primary cultures of RA FLS were used. Western blot was applied to examine transient changes in protein tyrosine phosphorylation status and MAPKs activation in RA FLS stimulated with IL-1β at various doses, and over different periods. Genistein, the specific PTK inhibitor, was used to evaluate the inhibitory role in activation of MAPKs by IL-1β.Results IL-1β transiently increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and activated the MAPKs cascades (mainly ERK(2), JNK(2) and P(38)) in RA FLS. There was no obvious difference in MAPKs activation among different doses of IL-1β (1 IU/ml,10 IU/ml, 100 IU/ml), but the peak activation of ERK(2), JNK(2) and P(38)took place at 5 min, 15 min and 1 min, respectively, after stimulation with IL-1β. The activation of ERK(2)was inhibited by genistein, but the inhibitory role on that of JNK and P(38)was relatively weak. Conclusions During signal transduction of IL-1β in RA FLS, tyrosine phosphorylation was increased transiently, the MAPKs cascade was activated in a few minutes, and there was heterogenicity in the activation among three subfamily members. PTK had a role in the activation of ERK, but had weak effects on that of JNK and P(38).