影响橡胶整芯难燃输送带粘合强度的因素

研究了乳液法ＰＶＣ（简称乳ＰＶＣ）悬浮法ＰＶＣ（简称悬ＰＶＣ）和粘合剂用量，阻燃增塑剂，带芯含棉量等因素对橡塑整芯难燃输送带粘合性能的影响，结果表明，在覆盖胶中可用２０～２５份乳ＰＶＣ等量替代ＣＲ／ＮＢＲ／氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）（４０／４０／２０）配方体系中的ＮＢＲ，也可用４０～６０份悬ＰＶＣ等量替代ＮＢＲ配方体系中的ＮＢＲ，浸渍液中增塑剂选择ＺＲＳ－５０／ＤＯＰ／４２％氯化石蜡并用最适宜，覆盖胶中     

定向短纤维弹性体复合材料围油栏的研制

介绍了以尼龙６短纤维为骨架材料,以ＣＲ／ＮＢＲ并用体系为主体材料的定向短纤维弹性体复合材料（ＯＳＦＥＣ）围油栏的研制。ＯＳＦＥＣ配方确定为：ＣＲ９０;ＮＢＲ１０;尼龙６短纤维４０;炭黑Ｎ２２０２０;炭黑Ｎ６６０２０;硫化剂９;粘合剂ＲＡ／ＲＳ／白炭黑２０５;增塑剂１６;促进剂１;防老剂１５。其中尼龙６短纤维用异氰酸酯溶液预处理效果较好。ＯＳＦＥＣ围油栏与织物芯橡胶型围油栏相比物理性能和使用性能好、生产成本低。     

NBR改性HPVC鞋用材料的研制

研究了ＮＢＲ对高聚合度ＰＶＣ（ＨＰＶＣ）进行改性制备的非交联型ＨＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ热塑性鞋用材料，考察了ＨＰＶＣ和ＮＢＲ并用比、填料、增塑剂及共混温度对材料性能的影响。结果表明，当ＨＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ＝８７／１３、增塑剂ＤＯＰ用量为７０份、填料用量为２０～２５份、其它助剂适量及共混温度为１７０℃时，制得的鞋用材料性能良好，达到了ＧＢ４４９２—８４标准要求     

动态硫化浅色PVC/BR热塑性弹性体密封条的研制

用动态硫化法制备浅色ＰＶＣ／ＢＲ热塑性弹性体密封条的配方为：ＰＶＣ（聚合度为１３００）１００；ＢＲ２７；ＮＢＲ３；增塑剂ＤＯＰ６５；稳定剂２；防老剂４０１０１；硬脂酸０．５；氧化锌０．５；碳酸钙４０；陶土２０；促进剂ＴＭＴＤ３；促进剂ＣＺ０．５。该配方性能基本符合橡胶密封条国家标准ＧＢ／Ｔ１２４２１—１２４２６—９０。密封条最佳挤出条件为：口型温度１５０一１６０℃，螺杆转速４０—５０ｒ·ｍｉｎ（－１）。     

用R131作多功能配合剂的NBR/PVC并用胶砂浆泵衬胶研制

探讨了用烷基改性酚醛树脂（Ｒ１３１）作多功能配合剂制造ＮＢＲ／ＰＶＣ并用胶砂浆泵衬胶的方法。ＮＢＲ／ＰＶＣ并用胶砂浆泵衬胶的配方确定为：ＮＢＲ７０;ＰＶＣ３０;Ｒ１３１ ７．０;硫黄 １．１;共硫化剂ＤＭＧ ２．５;活性剂 ３．５;促进剂ＤＭ／ＣＺ ２．７;防老剂４０１０ＮＡ／Ｄ １．２;中超耐磨炭黑 ４６;增塑剂ＤＯＰ ５．０;石蜡 ０．６。Ｒ１３１在胶料混炼时分段加入。砂浆泵部件的制备工艺是：     

PVC/SBR共混改性的研究

对于非相容性ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ（１００／２０）共混体系，相容剂、增塑剂、填料和硫化剂用量以及返炼次数对共混体物理性能均有影响。试验结果表明：ＮＢＲ－２６是ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混体的良好相容剂，可以显著改善共混体的力学性能，用量以６份为宜。增塑剂ＤＯＰ为１００份、碳酸钙为８０份、硫黄为０．１份时，ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混体可获得良好的综合性能。返炼次数对共混体性能影响不大。     

芳烃油在NBR及其并用胶胶料中的应用

芳烃油等量替代增塑剂ＤＢＰ在ＮＢＲ和ＮＢＲ／ＳＢＲ及ＮＢＲ／ＣＲ胶料中的应用试验结果表明,采用芳烃油对胶料的性能无不良影响。芳烃油等量替代增塑剂ＤＢＰ在ＮＢＲ胶管内层胶和ＮＢＲ／ＳＢＲ耐油胶板胶料中的实际应用试验结果表明,采用芳烃油有利于降低胶料成本。     

橡塑旋流器的研制

采用橡塑［ＮＢＲ／ＰＶＣ为（６０－５０）／（４０－５０）］并用材料制造旋流器。补强剂采用中超耐磨炉黑（７０－７５份）；使用促进剂ＤＭ／ＴＴ和硫黄硫化体系，同时加入含过氧化物的混合物ＤＭＧ硫化效果最好；增塑剂用１０－１５份；防老剂用４０１０ＮＡ。并用工艺采用增塑剂部分加入到ＰＶＣ中制成糊状树脂的方法。共混时间一般为２０－３０ｍｉｎ。该产品具有优异的耐磨性［磨耗量（１．６１ｋｍ）小于０．０４ｃｍ３］、较高的拉伸强度（１９ＭＰａ）和硬度（邵尔Ａ型硬度９５度），可直接替代衬胶铸铁旋流器。     

有机过氧化物动态硫化HPVC/SBR共混体系力学性能的研究*

采用有机过氧化物硫化体系,通过动态硫化方法制备高聚合度聚氯乙烯（ＨＰＶＣ）／ＳＢＲ共混型热塑性弹性体,测试共混物硫化胶的力学性能。结果表明,当ＨＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ并用比为８０／２０,过氧化二异丙苯（硫化剂ＤＣＰ）用量为１５份时,加入１～３份不同种类的相容剂,可改善共混物的力学性能,其中以氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）的作用效果最好;返炼次数对共混物力学性能没有明显影响     

PVC／NBR再生胶共混型热塑性弹性体的研究

用ＰＶＣ与ＮＢＲ再生胶高温机械共混,制备了具有交联结构的、Ｔｇ约１０℃的热塑性弹性体。讨论了共混比、第三组分改性剂合成橡胶（ＮＢＲ,ＰＵ,ＣＲ,ＣＰＥ）、５种硫化体系、填充剂（炭黑、白炭黑、重质ＣａＣＯ３）、增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯等因素对性能的影响。结果表明：ＰＶＣ６０份,ＮＢＲ再生胶４０份,ＮＢＲ３６０４２０份,硫磺０．５份,促进剂ＴＭＴＤ和促进剂ＣＺ各０．６￣０．９份及适量重质ＣａＣＯ３和增塑     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.