EA-HFCVD 沉积纳米金刚石膜的光致发光分析

采用电子辅助-热丝化学气相沉积法(EA-HFCVD)在硅片上沉积出晶粒尺寸为30nm的均匀金刚石膜。生长过程中,预先加6A偏流生长1h,然后在0.8kPa条件下,无偏流生长3h。光致发光谱中存在4个发光中心分别位于1.682eV,1,564eV,1,518eV和1.512eV的发光峰。1.682eV处发光峰源于衬底硅原子掺杂于膜中引起的缺陷;其他发光峰源于金刚石晶格振动声子。光致发光强度越大对应的缺陷密度越大,从而降低了场发射域值电场强度,其关键可能源于金刚石膜电导型晶界。     

液相法电沉积类金刚石薄膜的表面形貌研究

采用脉冲直流电源,以甲醇有机溶液作为碳源,在常压60℃的条件下,采用电化学沉积方法在不锈钢表面制备了类金刚石碳薄膜.在电沉积过程中电流密度最高达到150 mA/cm2,沉积速度为500 m/h.用原子力显微镜和扫描电镜表征了薄膜的表面形貌,透射电镜和电子衍射谱表征了薄膜的结构.结果表明:沉积的类金刚石碳DLC膜是由均匀分布的球形纳米颗粒组成,粒度约为300 nm～400 nm,而且致密光滑;不锈钢上沉积的类金刚石薄膜,薄膜的生长是在基体表面划刻的边缘形核中心开始生长,并且生长先由基体的边缘向中心然后逐渐覆盖基体表面.     

等离子体刻蚀处理大面积金刚石薄膜

平整均匀的大面积金刚石膜是其在电子领域工业化应用的前提。采用微波等离子体化学气相沉积装置,分别用氢气、氮气加空气、氧气对大面积金刚石膜进行了等离子体处理,通过表面形貌和电阻率的均匀性表征金刚石膜的均匀性,用电阻率的大小表征绝缘性,并采用原子力显微镜测量膜的表面粗糙度。用氮气加空气处理后,金刚石膜的电阻率提高了5个数量级,达到了1013Ω.cm,更好地满足了电子器件对绝缘性的要求,且均匀性较好,表面粗糙度Ra为90 nm~111 nm,但平整性仍须改进。     

纳米金刚石在不同沉积条件下的生长研究

用CH4和H2为反应气体，在热丝化学气相沉积系统中用不同的沉积条件直接在Si衬底上制备了纳米金刚石，并用高分辨扫描电子显微镜和显微Raman光谱仪对它们进行了表征。结果表明，在热丝化学气相沉积系统中用连续辉光放电在Si衬底上沉积的金刚石是纳米金刚石颗粒；而用辉光放电在Si衬底上先进行金刚石核化，然后再用热丝化学气相沉积生长，可形成纳米金刚石膜。不同结构纳米金刚石的形成主要是由于在不同的沉积条件下非金刚石相被刻蚀的程度不同以及形成金刚石前驱物的运动不同所致。     

热丝化学气相沉积法在CH4／H2混合气体中低温生长超薄纳米金刚石膜

用热丝化学气相沉积方法研究了低温(~550℃)和低反应气压(~7 Torr)下硅片上金刚石膜的成核和生长.成核过程中采用2.5%的CH4浓度,在经充分超声波预处理的硅片上获得了高达1.5×1011cm-2的成核密度.随CH4浓度的增加所成膜中的金刚石晶粒尺寸由亚微米转变到纳米级.成功合成了表面粗糙度小于4nm、超薄(厚度小于500nm)和晶粒尺寸小于50nm的纳米金刚石膜.膜与衬底结合牢固.膜从可见光至红外的光吸收系数小于2×104cm-1.用我们常规的HFCVD技术,在低温度和低压下可以生长出表面光滑超薄的纳米金刚石膜.     

激光法制备超细纳米金刚石的相变机理

为了研究激光法制备纳米金刚石的相变机理,采用纳秒脉冲激光冲击微米级石墨悬浮液,并做强酸高温氧化提纯处理,结合X射线衍射、喇曼光谱、高分辨率透射电镜等表征手段以及热力学和动力学分析方法,对实验结果进行了理论分析和实验验证。合成得到分散均匀、尺寸在4nm~12nm的超细纳米金刚石。结果表明,纳秒激光辐照下,石墨是通过固态-气态-液态-固态的形式转变为金刚石结构的;与毫秒脉冲激光相比,高功率密度、短脉宽的纳秒激光为金刚石核的生长提供了大的过冷度,提高了金刚石的形核率和生长速率;但是纳米金刚石的生长温度范围极小,冷却过程中石墨结构与金刚石结构同时形核、长大,引起金刚石颗粒表面的石墨化,限制了纳米金刚石的生长。     

纳米金刚石膜的成核及生长特性研究

采用直流等离子体喷射化学气相沉积(DC arc pla sma jet)系统制备了纳米金刚石膜(NCD),研究了不同的金刚石成核剂溶液对NCD 膜的成核及生长的影响。研究表明,在成核剂溶液中添加二甲基亚砜(DMSO)后成核密度明显 得到提高,而 且制备的NCD膜晶粒分布均匀、致密。当金刚石粉体作为成核剂时,随着其粒径 的增大,NCD膜成核密度下降,晶粒的尺寸均匀性也变差,而粒径为5nm的金刚石纳米粒 子作为成核剂时,NCD膜晶粒间结合致密、颗粒分布均匀。最后,选择5nm的金刚石纳米 粒子和丙酮/DMSO配制的分散液作为成核剂配方,经过60min的生长 ,制备了粒径为50～70 nm的结晶性和品质良好的NCD膜,适用于高频声表面波(SAW)器件及各种光学窗口的研制。     

电沉积硫化镉纳米膜的形貌和光学性质研究

采用电沉积方法,在表面活性剂/电解液界面制备了硫化镉纳米膜,考察了样品的表观形貌及光学性质.原子力显微镜(AFM)及透射电镜(TEM)测试表明,纳米膜由粒径为33 nm左右的球形颗粒组成;X_射线光电子能谱测试表明,纳米膜由硫化镉和金属镉组成;用椭圆偏振仪测试样品在不同波长下的复折射率、复介电常数,并计算得出硫化镉纳米膜的平均厚度为190 nm;用Z-扫描方法硫化镉纳米膜的非线性折射性质,计算得出硫化镉纳米膜的非线性折射系数为5.06×10-6cm2/kW;荧光光谱测试表明,硫化镉纳米膜具有光致发光性能.     

金刚石高频SAW器件中关键材料的制备研究

采用热丝化学气相沉积(CVD)法制备了自支撑金刚石膜,再通过射频磁控溅射法沉积氧化锌薄膜在自支撑金刚石膜上。通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)测试自支撑金刚石膜的表面形貌,结果表明,自支撑金刚石膜的成核面非常光滑,粗糙度约为10 nm;拉曼光谱显示成核面在1 333 cm-1附近有尖锐的散射峰,与金刚石的sp3键相对应,非金刚石相含量很少;X-射线衍射分析(XRD)显示,沉积在自支撑金刚石膜上的氧化锌薄膜为高度的c轴择优取向生长。     

高功率MPCVD金刚石膜红外光学材料制备

使用自行研制的椭球谐振腔式MPCVD装置,以H2-CH4为气源,就高功率条件下CH4浓度对金刚石膜的生长速率和品质的影响规律进行了研究,并在此基础上进行了大面积光学级金刚石膜的沉积。利用扫描电镜、激光拉曼谱仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪对金刚石膜的表面和断口形貌、金刚石膜的品质、红外透过率等进行了表征。实验结果表明,使用自行设计建造的椭球谐振腔式MPCVD装置在高功率条件下通过提高CH4浓度会使金刚石膜的生长速率增加,但当CH4浓度达到一定比例后,金刚石膜的生长速率将不再继续提高。CH4浓度在0.5%~2%时制备的金刚石膜品质较高;自行设计建造的椭球谐振腔式MPCVD装置能够满足在较高功率下光学级金刚石膜的快速沉积要求。     

Bias voltage dependence properties of Nb-doped indium tin oxide thin films by RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature

Niobium doped indium tin oxide (ITO:Nb) thin films were fabricated on glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering from one piece of ceramic target material at room temperature. The bias voltage dependence of properties of the ITO:Nb films were investigated by adjusting the bias voltage. Structural, electrical and optical properties of the films were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV–visible spectroscopy, and electrical measurements. XRD patterns showed a change in the preferential orientations of polycrystalline crystalline structure from (222) to (400) crystal plane with the increase of negative bias voltage. AFM analysis revealed that the smooth film was obtained at a negative bias voltage of -120 V. The root mean square (RMS) roughness and the average roughness are 1.37 nm and 1.77 nm, respectively. The films with the lowest resistivity as low as 1.45×10⁻⁴ Ω cm and transmittance over 88% have been obtained at a negative bias voltage of −120 V. Band gap energy of the films, depends on substrate temperature, varied from 3.56 eV to 3.62 eV.     

纳米光学金刚石薄膜的分析与改进

由于极其优良的热学和光学性能,纳米金刚石薄膜极有可能应用于背投电视的激光光学窗口。文章通过在热丝辅助化学气相沉积法中采用偏压增强成核(BEN-HFCVD) ,成功地在(100)硅衬底上制得了适于作为光学窗口的高质量的光学级纳米金刚石薄膜,采用的偏压为-30 V。通过表征制备的纳米金刚石薄膜,发现它具有光滑的表面,表面均方根粗糙度(RMS)约为10 nm,并且对自支撑纳米金刚石薄膜进行透射光谱分析得到其透射率达到了50 %。     

ITO-free organic solar cells using highly conductive phenol-treated PEDOT:PSS anodes

Phenol as one of the most polar solvent was used to enhance the conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films. The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films improved to 1193 S/cm after treatment with phenol vapor and 1054 S/cm after treatment with phenol drop. The treated films also showed high transmittance in the visible region which is one of the crucial factors for optoelectronic devices such as organic solar cells and light emitting diodes. The mechanism of conductivity enhancement of treated thin PEDOT:PSS films was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The AFM images showed that the ratio of PEDOT to PSS at top most of the surface was increased for treated film. Rearrangement of PEDOT segment throughout the film and hence conformational changes are the reasons for enhancement of conductivity. The modified PEDOT:PSS films were used as electrode for ITO-free organic solar cells (OSCs). These ITO-free OSCs showed almost equal operation to those for ITO electrodes.     

Surface planarization of ZnO thin film for optoelectronic applications

In this paper, surface morphology and optical properties are investigated to find the optimum microstructure of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. To achieve a high transmittance and a low resistivity, we examined various film deposition conditions. The transmittance and surface morphology of ZnO thin films were measured by an ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectrometer and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. In order to improve the surface quality of ZnO thin films, we performed chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) by change of process parameters, and compared the optical properties of polished ZnO thin films. As an experimental result, we were able to obtain good uniformity and improved transmittance efficiency by the CMP technique.     

Properties of ZnO/Cu/ZnO multilayer films deposited by simultaneous RF and DC magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures

ZnO/Cu/ZnO transparent conductive multilayer films are prepared by simultaneous RF sputtering of ZnO and DC sputtering of Cu. The properties of the multilayer films are studied at different substrate temperatures. Sheet resistance of the multilayer film decreased initially with increase of substrate temperature and increased further with increase of substrate temperature beyond 100 °C. However, transmittance of the multilayer film increased with increase of substrate temperature. Good transparent conductive film of sheet resistance 9.3 Ω/sq and transmittance of 85% was found at a substrate temperature of 100 °C. The performance of the multilayer film was evaluated using a figure of merit. The observed property of the multilayer film is suitable for the application of transparent conductive electrodes.     

退火温度对ZrO_2高介电薄膜电学性能的影响

利用反应磁控溅射法沉积了ZrO2介电薄膜,研究了退火温度对ZrO2介电薄膜电学性能的影响,并对漏电流最小的样品的漏电流机制进行了分析。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,漏电流先减小后增大,退火温度为300℃时所制备薄膜的漏电流最小,当所加电压为–1.4 V时,漏电流密度为8.32×10–4 A/cm2。当所加正偏压为0-0.8 V和0.8-4.0 V时,该样品的漏电流主导机制分别为肖特基发射和直接隧穿电流;当所加负偏压为–1.7-0 V和–4.0-–1.7 V时,其主导机制分别为肖特基发射和空间电荷限制电流。     

PECVD diamond-based high performance power diodes

In this study, we have designed, fabricated, characterized, and analyzed plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) diamond-based Schottky diodes for high power electronics applications. We have elaborated four critical issues in the synthetic-diamond semiconductor technology: 1) growth, 2) doping, 3) Schottky contact, and 4) different device structures in order to achieve better performance parameters. We have obtained 500 V of breakdown voltage on one device and 100 A/cm/sup 2/ of current density on another device, optimized for different applications. These values are among the highest reported with the polycrystalline diamond-based devices. We have utilized different fabrication techniques for the growth of PECVD-diamond, different metals as a Schottky contact on diamond film and also optimized structural parameters such as diamond film thickness and doping concentration in order to achieve a high-performance power diodes. Analysis of the current conduction mechanisms of these devices in this study revealed a space-charge-limited current conduction mechanism in the forward bias region while thermionic field emission controlled current conduction mechanism in the reverse bias region. Performance parameters such as forward voltage drop, barrier height, and current density were analyzed as a function of temperature and type of metal Schottky contacts.     

SAW器件用金刚石膜的制备工艺研究

针对声表面波( SAW)器件对金刚石膜的要求,采用石英钟罩式微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)装置,研究了不同气体体系对金刚石膜生长速率、电阻率、表面形貌、表层C化合态及相对含量(粒子数分数Xc)的影响.结果表明:在H2-CH3COCH3、CH4-H2-Ar和CH4-H2-N2三种气体体系下,金刚石膜的生长速率分别...     

PMMA-CsPbBr3薄膜的结构及光电特性

CsPbBr3是一种直接带隙宽禁带半导体,具有优异的光电性能。采用喷雾法制备了不同质量分数的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)-CsPbBr3薄膜。利用原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了PMMA质量分数对PMMA-CsPbBr3薄膜表面形貌的影响,利用X射线衍射(XRD)对其结构进行了表征,同时还测量了材料的透射率并给出了光致发光(PL)图像,最后制成了PMMA-CsPbBr3/Au异质结型光电探测器,研究了它们的光电特性。结果表明:掺入PMMA可以显著改善PMMA-CsPbBr3薄膜表面形貌,随着加入PMMA的质量分数的增大,CsPbBr3薄膜的表面粗糙度明显下降,均方根粗糙度从311 nm降低到69.2 nm;同时PMMACsPbBr3薄膜是择优取向的;与纯CsPbBr3薄膜相比,PMMA-CsPbBr3薄膜的透射率明显增加。通过研究制备的PMMA-CsPbBr3/Au异质结型光电探测器的I-V特性,发现随着PMMA的加入,异质结器件的暗电流降低,同时其光电流密度和稳定性增加。